feat: add typed error message templates and stable replay snapshots

test: record remote error catalog and compatibility acceptance
feat: add project-owned error catalogs and HTTP 200 failure contracts
2026-09-24 15:05:08 +08:00 · 2026-09-24 12:41:30 +08:00 · 2026-09-24 12:40:05 +08:00 · 2026-09-24 02:19:33 +08:00
60 changed files with 3563 additions and 132 deletions
--- a/API.md
+++ b/API.md
@@ -111,6 +111,42 @@ service user-api {

 ## 业务错误：声明、代码和文档共用一份定义

+从 `v0.10.0-preview` 起，推荐用 `errorCatalog` 同时定义逻辑标识、对外业务码、提示和 HTTP 状态：
+
+```text
+errorCatalog CommonErrors (
+    defaultStatus: 200
+    errors: {
+        "UsernameInvalid": {"key": "USERNAME_INVALID", "code": 400002, "message": "用户名格式不正确"},
+        "PasswordInvalid": {"key": "PASSWORD_INVALID", "code": 400002, "message": "密码格式不正确"},
+        "Forbidden": {"key": "FORBIDDEN", "status": 403, "code": 403001, "message": "没有权限"}
+    }
+)
+```
+
+对象键是生成函数名；`key` 是唯一逻辑标识，允许项目自己的命名；`code` 是对外业务码，可以重复。数字码需搭配 `codeType: int32` 或 `int64` 的公共响应；字符串码搭配 `string`。目录不规定返回体字段。
+
+省略 `defaultStatus` 时为 400；设为 200 时，只作用于目录里未单独写 `status` 的条目。生成路由自动绑定它实际声明的错误目录，在 App 中间件之前生效。业务只调用 `apierrors.UsernameInvalid()`；无需再维护 `codes` / `messages`，也无需修改 main。手写路由可复用生成的 `apierrors.Catalog()`。
+
+同一 HTTP 200 下，OpenAPI 用 `anyOf` 保留成功 DTO 和错误体，日志与指标仍识别业务失败。完整语法、路由作用域与手写项目配置见 [统一错误目录](errors/README.md)，可运行契约见 [errors.api](examples/contracts/errors.api)。
+
+从 `v0.11.0-preview` 起，目录条目支持 `params` 有序列表与 `{name}` 提示模板：
+
+```json
+"TextTooLong": {
+    "key": "TEXT_TOO_LONG", "code": 400002,
+    "message": "{label}不能超过{max}个字符",
+    "params": [
+        {"name": "label", "type": "string", "example": "企业名称"},
+        {"name": "max", "type": "int", "example": 100}
+    ]
+}
+```
+
+生成 `apierrors.TextTooLong(label string, max int)`，返回时 Message 已填好；固定提示保持无参数函数。声明顺序决定参数顺序。模板校验、运行时缺参/类型错误、转义及非 HTTP 使用规则见 [提示模板参数](errors/README.md)。OpenAPI 的错误目录保留参数定义，响应示例使用具体文案。
+
+原有声明继续支持：
+
 ```go
 error (
    Unauthenticated 401 "UNAUTHENTICATED" "authentication required"
@@ -121,7 +157,7 @@ error (
 ```

 也可写单条 `error EmailTaken 409 "EMAIL_TAKEN" "email already in use"`，或把错误目录放进相对导入的 `errors.api`。
-名称用 UpperCamelCase，HTTP 状态范围 400–599，错误码用大写字母/数字/下划线且全局唯一，message 是可公开返回的稳定提示。
+名称用 UpperCamelCase，HTTP 状态允许 200–599 中可携带响应体的最终状态（排除 204/205/304），旧声明的逻辑错误码用大写字母/数字/下划线且全局唯一，message 是可公开返回的稳定提示。`Catalog` 为生成函数保留名称。

 `@server (errors: Unauthenticated)` 声明组级错误；路由 `@errors UserNotFound, EmailTaken` 追加到组级列表并去重。
 `@errors none` 清空继承的业务错误。未声明、重复声明或生成符号冲突会报告源码位置。
@@ -138,7 +174,7 @@ return nil, apierrors.EmailTaken()

 OpenAPI 对每个状态按选定的响应模板生成结构和命名 examples，同一 409 下多个错误不会相互覆盖；平铺模式的纯业务状态还列出 code enum。
 默认框架错误状态与自动添加的鉴权 401 保留开放的 code 字段，容纳校验器/中间件实际错误。
-`x-omni-errors` 提供错误目录与路由关联。文档声明不拦截、改写或穷举运行时的所有错误。
+`x-omni-errors` 提供错误目录与路由关联。目录解析已定义的错误，不自动推断数据库或其他未声明错误的业务含义，也不穷举所有运行时错误。

 ## 鉴权：声明与路由注册一起变化

--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,5 +1,24 @@
 # Changelog

+## v0.11.0-preview
+
+- 错误目录增加有序 params 和命名提示模板，生成带类型的错误函数；固定提示保持兼容，业务不再自行拼接文案。
+- 新增 WithParams、参数校验与共用解析器；复制请求参数、保留错误链，重复解析和缓冲链路保留填充结果。非法调用转系统兜底，访问日志提供不含参数值的诊断。
+- OpenAPI 错误目录同步参数类型/示例，响应示例由运行时解析器生成；JSON/YAML 配置同样支持模板。
+- 本地/共享幂等重放保存已解析公开错误快照，不保存原始参数或 cause；Redis Lua 重写记录不损失 int64 业务码精度。
+- 模板编译拒绝未声明/未使用参数、非法类型及示例；模板错误不能再维护同标识的旧 messages 映射。
+- CLI 新生成代码最低要求 v0.11.0-preview；已生成的固定错误函数和 v0.10.0 调用继续支持。
+
+## v0.10.0-preview
+
+- 新增 App/路由独立错误目录：`omni.WithErrors`、`errors.Catalog`、`ByCode` 与不可变 Registry，业务只选逻辑标识；对外码和提示由项目配置。
+- 默认 HTTP 状态与逐项覆盖均可配置，包括 HTTP 200 的业务失败；错误模板、RawJSON、日志、业务失败指标、链路、标准中间件桥接和幂等重放保留失败语义。
+- `.api errorCatalog` 同源生成 Catalog、独立错误函数、路由目录和 OpenAPI；允许重复对外码、不同路由不同码类型、公共契约导入。旧 error 声明也允许 HTTP 200。
+- 同一 200 的成功/错误响应使用 anyOf 保留两种 schema，错误示例保持各自提示；自定义 Encoder 和直接输出继续支持。
+- 目录校验类型、范围、状态和冲突；JSON 配置拒绝重复键，整数保留 int64 精度；未知标识使用系统兜底，默认公开响应不暴露 cause。
+- 新生成代码最低要求 v0.10.0-preview；原有构造函数、Codes/Messages 与旧生成代码继续可用。Catalog 为生成错误包保留函数名。
+
+
 ## v0.9.1-preview

 - 新增标准 `database.OpenConnector` 和独立 `PoolConfig`；与 DSN 入口共享池参数、限时启动 Ping、失败清理、Health、事务，不注册全局驱动配置。
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@

 GoOmni 是面向多个业务项目复用的 Go 后端框架：用 `.api` 定义接口、请求和返回类型，生成项目目录、HTTP 接入代码及 OpenAPI，业务代码负责 Service 和 Repository。也可以在已有项目中直接使用 `omni.New()`，或单独引入日志、存储等模块。

-**从这份 README 开始即可接入。** 当前版本为 **`v0.9.1-preview`**，Go **1.22+**；CLI 和项目依赖使用同一固定版本。框架不依赖 Gin，默认使用标准库网络层，提供可切换的 native HTTP/1.1 和实验性 HTTP/2 适配器。
+**从这份 README 开始即可接入。** 当前版本为 **`v0.11.0-preview`**，Go **1.22+**；CLI 和项目依赖使用同一固定版本。框架不依赖 Gin，默认使用标准库网络层，提供可切换的 native HTTP/1.1 和实验性 HTTP/2 适配器。

 响应字段、业务码、登录方式、权限规则和数据库表结构由接入项目决定。文中的 `code/msg/data`、`200/9999` 都是示例配置，可以替换。

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ module 地址是 `git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni`。先确保本机 Go 和 Git 可

 ```sh
 export GOPRIVATE=git.yuntuo.hk
-go install git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/cmd/go-omni@v0.9.1-preview
+go install git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/cmd/go-omni@v0.11.0-preview
 export PATH="$(go env GOPATH)/bin:$PATH"
 go-omni --help
 ```
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ go-omni --help
 在准备存放业务项目的目录执行，`./hello` 必须是新目录或空目录；把 `example.com/hello` 换成自己的 Go module 名称。

 ```sh
-go-omni api new --framework-version v0.9.1-preview \
+go-omni api new --framework-version v0.11.0-preview \
  --module example.com/hello ./hello
 cd hello
 go mod tidy
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ service catalog-api {

 ```sh
 go-omni api validate --api catalog.api
-go-omni new --api catalog.api --framework-version v0.9.1-preview \
+go-omni new --api catalog.api --framework-version v0.11.0-preview \
  --module example.com/catalog ./catalog
 cd catalog
 go mod tidy
@@ -167,21 +167,21 @@ curl -i http://127.0.0.1:8080/api/v1/items/missing
 需要 MySQL、文件存储或文件日志时，**首次生成**可以使用：

 ```sh
-go-omni new --api catalog.api --framework-version v0.9.1-preview \
+go-omni new --api catalog.api --framework-version v0.11.0-preview \
  --module example.com/catalogFull --database mysql --storage local \
  --log-output file --log-format json ./catalogFull
 ```

 该命令在 `catalog.api` 所在目录执行，目标仍需是新目录。数据库迁移、表结构和 Repository 由项目维护，API 模板不自动建表；MySQL DSN 通过 `GO_OMNI_DB_DSN` 提供。存储还可选 `s3`、`r2`、`oss`，按生成项目的配置说明提供桶、端点和凭据。完整装配例子见 [userService](examples/userService/README.md)。

-不采用 `.api` 时，也可以用 `go-omni new --framework-version v0.9.1-preview --module example.com/billing ./billing` 创建手写接口的 CRUD 示例项目；两种生成方式选择一种即可。
+不采用 `.api` 时，也可以用 `go-omni new --framework-version v0.11.0-preview --module example.com/billing ./billing` 创建手写接口的 CRUD 示例项目；两种生成方式选择一种即可。

 ## 已有项目：按模块接入

 在业务项目的 **go.mod 所在目录**执行：

 ```sh
-go get git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni@v0.9.1-preview
+go get git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni@v0.11.0-preview
 ```

 已有项目可直接复用现有目录、Service、Repository 和数据库连接，先选择一个接口接入。也可以只用 `logx`、`storage` 等包，暂时保留原来的 HTTP 框架。
@@ -307,7 +307,71 @@ auth UserAuth (

 生成器会创建 `internal/middleware/auth.go`，由项目实现凭据校验和身份注入。声明会生成路由绑定与 OpenAPI 的认证描述，**不会自动实现登录或授权规则**；未实现的 hook 返回 501。手写路由可使用 `auth.RequireAuth(authenticator)` 或自己的中间件。JWT、Session 和 Policy 按需选择。

-业务错误在 `.api` 中用 `error` 声明，通过 `@errors` 关联路由后，生成可调用的错误函数和 OpenAPI 中对应的 401、403、409 等响应。手写路由可以直接返回 `omni.NotFound`、`omni.Forbidden` 等错误。已有项目在自己的适配层转换原错误，内部原因和公开提示分开处理。
+业务错误可以集中定义，业务只选择发生了哪个错误。**HTTP 状态由项目配置，业务失败可以返回 HTTP 200**；框架不根据 HTTP 状态单独判断成功与否。
+
+API 项目推荐在公共 `.api` 中声明目录，其他契约通过 `import` 引用：
+
+```text
+errorCatalog CommonErrors (
+    defaultStatus: 200
+    errors: {
+        "UsernameInvalid": {"key": "USERNAME_INVALID", "code": 400002, "message": "用户名格式不正确"},
+        "PasswordInvalid": {"key": "PASSWORD_INVALID", "code": 400002, "message": "密码格式不正确"},
+        "PermissionDenied": {"key": "PERMISSION_DENIED", "status": 403, "code": 403001, "message": "没有权限"}
+    }
+)
+```
+
+`UsernameInvalid` 是生成函数名；`key` 是唯一逻辑标识；`code` 是项目对外的字符串或整数业务码，可以重复。条目没有填写 `status` 时使用目录的 `defaultStatus`，未配置目录默认值时为 400。这个默认值只作用于该目录的条目，不会把所有框架异常都改成 200。
+
+在已有公共响应中保留 `codeType: int32` / `int64` / `string`、成功码、未定义错误的兜底码和返回体模板；不再重复填写这几条错误的 `codes` / `messages`。通过 `@server (errors: UsernameInvalid, PasswordInvalid)` 或路由 `@errors UsernameInvalid` 引用它们。
+
+生成后业务调用：
+
+```go
+return TokenResponse{}, apierrors.UsernameInvalid()
+// 需要保留内部原因时：
+return TokenResponse{}, apierrors.UsernameInvalid().WithCause(err)
+```
+
+生成器同时提供 `internal/apierrors.Catalog()`、错误函数、路由错误目录及 OpenAPI。目录会在 App 中间件执行前绑定到生成路由；无需手动改已经生成的 main。HTTP 200 的错误使用失败响应模板；OpenAPI 用 `anyOf` 同时保留成功 DTO 和错误体，多条错误共用数字码时仍保留各自示例。完整契约见 [errors.api](examples/contracts/errors.api)。
+
+手写项目可在启动时加载自己的目录，保留原来的响应配置：
+
+```go
+// omnierrors 是 git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors。
+catalog := omnierrors.Catalog{
+    DefaultStatus: 200,
+    Definitions: map[string]omnierrors.Definition{
+        "USERNAME_INVALID": {Code: 400002, Message: "用户名格式不正确"},
+        "PASSWORD_INVALID": {Code: 400002, Message: "密码格式不正确"},
+    },
+}
+app := omni.New(
+    omni.WithErrors(catalog),
+    omni.WithResponse(response.Config{
+        CodeType: "int32", SuccessCode: 0, ErrorCode: 9999,
+        MessageField: "msg", DataMode: "always",
+    }),
+)
+// Service 只返回标准 error，不依赖 App 或 HTTP Context：
+// return omnierrors.ByCode("USERNAME_INVALID").WithCause(err)
+```
+
+目录也可放入 `config.Config.Errors`，由 JSON/YAML 加载；生成项目的路径为 `server.errors`，但契约生成路由以 `.api` 绑定的目录为准。不同 App 独立持有配置，单路由也可通过 `response.WithErrors` 绑定专用目录与自定义 Encoder。直接输出文本、XML、下载或已提交的响应继续保留原协议。
+
+访问日志保留实际 HTTP 状态，并增加失败标记、逻辑错误标识和目录业务码；指标、链路及框架标准中间件/幂等重放也保留失败语义。未知标识使用系统错误兜底，内部 cause 不写入默认公开响应。旧 `error (...)`、`New` / `BadRequest` / `Codes` / `Messages` 继续支持；新目录与旧映射冲突会报错，避免静默覆盖。
+
+动态提示也可以集中配置，在目录中声明 `message: "{label}不能超过{max}个字符"` 和有序 `params`（label/string、max/int），生成带类型的调用：
+
+```go
+return apierrors.TextTooLong("企业名称", 100)
+// 最终提示：企业名称不能超过100个字符
+```
+
+运行时支持 `omnierrors.ByCode("TEXT_TOO_LONG").WithParams(...)`，与生成函数共用解析器。固定错误继续无参数调用；缺参或类型错误使用系统兜底。模板、参数类型及具体响应示例同步写入 OpenAPI。完整示例见 [errorParams.api](examples/contracts/errorParams.api)。
+
+更详细的配置、作用域和升级步骤见 [统一错误目录](errors/README.md)。

 ### 数据库、存储及其他模块

@@ -383,7 +447,7 @@ go test ./...

 `Gen.go`、`docs/openapi.json` 和 manifest 由生成器管理，手动修改会报告冲突。Service、Repository、中间件实现、main、配置和依赖装配属于项目，重复生成保留手写内容；契约改变后仍需自行调整业务签名并通过编译。将 `.api`、生成文件和 `.goOmni/apiManifest.json` 一起提交，CI 可运行 `generate --check` 检查是否同步。

-升级时先安装目标版本的 CLI，再在业务 module 中 `go get` **同一版本**；API 项目随后执行上述生成与测试步骤，手写项目只需依赖升级及业务回归。`v0.9.1-preview` 的变化、迁移边界和验收记录见 [发布说明](RELEASE.md)。
+升级时先安装目标版本的 CLI，再在业务 module 中 `go get` **同一版本**；API 项目随后执行上述生成与测试步骤，手写项目只需依赖升级及业务回归。`v0.11.0-preview` 的变化、迁移边界和验收记录见 [发布说明](RELEASE.md)。

 ## 按需深入

--- a/RELEASE.md
+++ b/RELEASE.md
@@ -1,31 +1,31 @@
-# v0.9.1-preview
+# v0.11.0-preview

-本版补齐已有项目接入的两个框架缺口：标准数据库 Connector 注入，以及应用级 HTTP 读写超时配置。TLS、数据库驱动日志、字符集/时区、迁移与业务规则继续由项目决定。
+错误目录支持提示模板和有序类型参数。业务调用 `apierrors.TextTooLong("企业名称", 100)`，错误目录统一定义业务码、HTTP 状态与文案，运行时入口和生成函数共用解析逻辑。

-## 安装与升级
+## 升级与接入

 ```sh
-go install git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/cmd/go-omni@v0.9.1-preview
-# 在各业务 module 中：
-go get git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni@v0.9.1-preview
+go get git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni@v0.11.0-preview
+go install git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/cmd/go-omni@v0.11.0-preview
+go-omni api generate --dry-run
+go-omni api generate
+go test ./...
 ```

-私有仓库使用本机 Git 凭据管理器，并将 `git.yuntuo.hk` 追加到已有 `GOPRIVATE`。CLI 和项目依赖使用同一固定版本。v0.9.0-preview 生成代码继续兼容，本次无需为了这两个入口重新生成接口。
+先升级依赖，再使用同版 CLI。新生成代码最低要求本版；已有固定错误、v0.10.0 目录、无参数函数和旧生成代码继续支持。模板错误一旦声明参数，修改其顺序/类型会改变生成函数签名，项目需同步修改调用方。手写文件仍受重生成保护。

-## 接入变化
+从 [README](README.md) 接入，完整规则见 [错误目录与模板参数](errors/README.md)，可直接生成的契约见 [errorParams.api](examples/contracts/errorParams.api)。

- 将项目已有 `sql.OpenDB(connector)` 的池创建替换为 `database.OpenConnector(ctx, connector, poolConfig)`；不要同时保留两个池。返回对象可用于 Health/InTx；需要标准库指针时取 `.DB`。
- 项目原有 `mysql.NewConnector`、独立 TLS、driver Logger、驱动读写时限、MySQL 版本/时区/排序规则校验继续保留，配置不进入核心框架。
- 将原来逐项修改 `http.Server` 的读写/空闲/头大小配置放入 `omni.HTTPConfig`，通过 `WithHTTPConfig` 或 `WithConfig` 传入。Go-only `ErrorLog` 支持 nethttp。
- 原有 `database.Open(ctx, Config)`、手动组装 `http.Server`、自定义 Runner 均可继续使用。零 HTTP 配置保留所选网络层已有默认行为；正值覆盖，负值报错。
+## 能力与边界

-完整可复制示例：[数据库 Connector](database/README.md#connector-接入v091-preview)、[HTTP 配置及语义](transport/README.md#http-配置v091-preview)。其他迁移能力见 [迁移扩展指南](MIGRATION.md)，从项目接入开始见 [README](README.md)。
-
-## 边界
-
-独立实验性 `TransportHTTP2` 本次支持 IdleTimeout/MaxHeaderBytes 的配置透传，但不支持读头、读请求和写响应超时，设置这些正值会在监听前明确报错。native 与标准库服务器的超时含义不完全相同，详见上表；网络超时不等于 Handler 执行时间限制。`RunWith` 自定义 Runner 的配置由项目管理。
-
-Connector 必须遵守驱动 context 协议，资源所有权按标准 `database/sql` 管理。有资源的 Connector 不跨池共享；启动 Ping 失败关闭池，成功后应用负责关闭。没有把 eTax/ePay 的数据库策略写进框架，也未修改这些业务项目或宣称它们已完成迁移。
+- 有序 `params` 决定函数参数顺序；支持 string/bool/int/int32/int64/float64。目录初始化检查模板、占位符、参数类型与文档 example。
+- `ByCode(key).WithParams(values)` 复制标量参数；生成函数立即解析完整 Message，非 HTTP 使用显式 Registry，不引入全局注册器。
+- HTTP 200 或逐项覆盖的状态、返回体模板、data:null、RawJSON 及自定义 Encoder 保持项目配置。内部 cause 不自动进入公开提示。
+- 运行时缺参、多参、类型/范围错误转系统兜底，日志包含 ParamError 诊断；不发送未替换的模板或原始参数值。
+- 路由、中间件和 Context 克隆保留参数。幂等重放保存已解析公开快照，目录更新不覆盖历史响应；不保存原始参数/cause，大整数码不经浮点转换。
+- OpenAPI 保留模板参数定义，响应 examples 显示具体提示。文档 example 不作为运行时缺参默认值。
+- 省略 params 的旧固定提示保留字面花括号；空 params 数组明确拒绝。模板错误同标识旧 messages 映射需移除。
+- 本轮没有修改 eTax/ePay 业务代码；业务侧需升级版本并声明自己的通用校验错误。

 ## 验证入口

@@ -33,13 +33,12 @@ Connector 必须遵守驱动 context 协议，资源所有权按标准 `database
 GO_OMNI_SCAFFOLD_INTEGRATION=1 go test -race -p=1 -count=1 -timeout=300s ./...
 go vet ./...
 go build ./...
-python3 scripts/verifyConnector.py --local --report performance/connectorLocal.json
-python3 scripts/verifyConnector.py --version v0.9.1-preview --report performance/connectorRemote.json
-python3 scripts/verifyCompatibilityRelease.py --version v0.9.1-preview --report performance/connectorCompatibilityRemote.json
+# 使用已有 redis:7-alpine 镜像启动本机有资源限制的临时容器：
+python3 scripts/verifyErrorParamsRedis.py
+# 发布后的远程固定版本消费者：
+python3 scripts/verifyErrorParamsRelease.py --version v0.11.0-preview
+python3 scripts/verifyErrorCatalogRelease.py --version v0.11.0-preview --report performance/errorParamsCatalogRemote.json
+python3 scripts/verifyCompatibilityRelease.py --version v0.11.0-preview --report performance/errorParamsCompatibilityRemote.json
 ```

-Connector 脚本只使用本地独立 MySQL 8.4 容器，限制 1 CPU、768 MiB、128 PID，生成一次性 CA/证书及凭据，结束清理自己的容器/卷/临时文件。测试验证正确 TLS、错误 CA/主机名拒绝、每池时区/日志配置隔离、事务、关闭与失败回收。HTTP 测试使用回环地址验证慢头、慢 body、空闲连接、流式写背压及请求头上限。常规单测不依赖 Docker，显式脚本要求真实 TLS 测试通过，不能跳过。
-
-历史发布及验收记录保留在 [CHANGELOG](CHANGELOG.md)、[v0.9.0 接入验收](performance/compatibilityAcceptance.md)。
-
-全量 race（40 个测试包）、静态检查、构建及本地隔离验收已通过，详见 [验收记录](performance/connectorAcceptance.md)。
+验收结果见 [提示模板验收](performance/errorParamsAcceptance.md)。历史 [v0.10.0 错误目录验收](performance/errorCatalogAcceptance.md) 保留。
--- a/RESPONSE.md
+++ b/RESPONSE.md
@@ -138,3 +138,12 @@ go run ./cmd/go-omni api generate --api examples/contracts/responses.api \
 ```

 示例业务方法起初为 501，完成 Service 后就会套用声明的模板。参考 [完整 .api](examples/contracts/responses.api)。验收测试会在临时目录生成真实项目，写入业务方法，执行已生成路由，检查数字错误码、原始 JSON、鉴权错误、路由覆盖与重复生成保护。
+
+
+## 错误目录与 HTTP 200 失败（v0.10.0-preview）
+
+错误含义由项目的 `errors.Catalog` 或 `.api errorCatalog` 集中定义，返回字段/结构仍由本页的 response 模板控制。目录提供独立的逻辑标识、对外字符串/整数码、消息、HTTP 状态，使用 `WithErrors` 或生成路由绑定。详见 [统一错误目录](errors/README.md)。
+
+`response.Result.IsError()` 综合明确失败标记、Err 和 HTTP 状态判断；HTTP 200 的业务错误不会使用成功码/成功提示，仍可选择 `errorBody`。新目录的公开码与提示优先于通用兜底；与同标识 Codes/Messages 冲突会拒绝，不会静默覆盖。没有目录的旧映射保持原有行为。
+
+自定义 Encoder 可读取 `Code`（逻辑标识）、`BusinessCode`（目录对外码）、Message 与 Err，并返回项目要求的最终状态和媒体类型。不要仅通过 Status 判断成功；内部原因默认只供诊断，不应由 Encoder 直接序列化 Err。RawJSON 的成功输出保持原样，失败继续交给所选错误编码器。
--- a/app/app.go
+++ b/app/app.go
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ func configure(options ...config.Option) config.Config {

 func newApp(router httpx.Router, settings config.Config) *App {
 	settings.Response = settings.Response.Clone()
+	settings.Errors = settings.Errors.Clone()
 	encoder, responseErr := response.New(settings.Response)
 	if responseErr != nil {
 		panic(responseErr)
@@ -77,6 +78,10 @@ func newApp(router httpx.Router, settings config.Config) *App {
 	}
 	settings.TrustedProxies = append([]string(nil), settings.TrustedProxies...)
 	settings.Log.RedactKeys = append([]string(nil), settings.Log.RedactKeys...)
+	responseEncoder, responseErr = response.WithErrors(settings.Errors, responseEncoder)
+	if responseErr != nil {
+		panic(responseErr)
+	}
 	resolver, err := httpx.NewClientIPResolver(settings.TrustedProxies...)
 	if err != nil {
 		panic("go-omni: " + err.Error())
@@ -114,6 +119,7 @@ func (a *App) ServeHTTP(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) {
 func (a *App) Config() config.Config {
 	settings := a.config
 	settings.Response = settings.Response.Clone()
+	settings.Errors = settings.Errors.Clone()
 	settings.TrustedProxies = append([]string(nil), settings.TrustedProxies...)
 	settings.Log.RedactKeys = append([]string(nil), settings.Log.RedactKeys...)
 	return settings
--- a/app/errorCatalog_test.go
+++ b/app/errorCatalog_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+package app_test
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	omni "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
+	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/httpx"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/metrics"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/middleware"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/response"
+)
+
+func TestAppErrorCatalogHTTP200LogsAndReplay(t *testing.T) {
+	var logs bytes.Buffer
+	logCfg := logx.Default()
+	logCfg.Writer = &logs
+	l, err := logx.New(logCfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	logx.SetDefault(l)
+	defer logx.SetDefault(nil)
+	defer l.Close()
+	cat := apierrors.Catalog{DefaultStatus: 200, Definitions: map[string]apierrors.Definition{"INVALID": {Code: 400002, Message: "项目提示"}, "DENIED": {Status: 403, Code: 9, Message: "no"}}}
+	policy := response.Config{CodeType: "int32", SuccessCode: 0, ErrorCode: 9999, MessageField: "msg", DataMode: "always"}
+	app := omni.New(omni.WithErrors(cat), omni.WithResponse(policy), omni.WithLogger(true))
+	defer app.Close()
+	meter := metrics.New()
+	app.Use(meter.Middleware())
+	cat.Definitions["INVALID"] = apierrors.Definition{Status: 500, Code: 1, Message: "mutated"}
+	app.Config().Errors.Definitions["INVALID"] = apierrors.Definition{Status: 500, Code: 2, Message: "mutated"}
+	app.GET("/error", func(c *omni.Context) error {
+		return fmt.Errorf("wrapped: %w", apierrors.ByCode("INVALID").WithCause(errors.New("private")))
+	})
+	app.GET("/direct", func(c *omni.Context) error { c.WriteError(apierrors.ByCode("INVALID")); return nil })
+	app.GET("/bridge", func(c *omni.Context) error { return apierrors.ByCode("INVALID") }, httpx.WrapMiddleware(func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
+		return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { next.ServeHTTP(w, r) })
+	}))
+	app.GET("/missing", func(c *omni.Context) error { return apierrors.ByCode("MISSING") })
+	app.GET("/denied", func(c *omni.Context) error { return apierrors.ByCode("DENIED") })
+	app.GET("/committed", func(c *omni.Context) error {
+		if err := c.Text(201, "done"); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return apierrors.ByCode("INVALID")
+	})
+	app.HandleWithResponse("GET", "/callback", response.EncoderFunc(func(r response.Result) (response.Payload, error) {
+		if !r.IsError() || r.BusinessCode != int64(400002) {
+			t.Fatal(r)
+		}
+		return response.Text(202, "ACK"), nil
+	}), func(c *omni.Context) error { return apierrors.ByCode("INVALID") })
+	idem, err := middleware.NewIdempotency(middleware.IdempotencyConfig{Scope: func(*httpx.Context) (string, error) { return "fixture", nil }})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	calls := 0
+	app.POST("/idempotent", func(c *omni.Context) error { calls++; return apierrors.ByCode("INVALID") }, idem.Middleware())
+	shared, err := middleware.NewIdempotency(middleware.IdempotencyConfig{Store: &catalogStore{records: map[string]middleware.IdempotencyRecord{}}, Scope: func(*httpx.Context) (string, error) { return "fixture", nil }})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	app.POST("/shared", func(c *omni.Context) error { calls++; return apierrors.ByCode("INVALID") }, shared.Middleware())
+
+	for _, path := range []string{"/error", "/direct", "/bridge", "/idempotent", "/idempotent", "/shared", "/shared"} {
+		method := "GET"
+		if path == "/idempotent" || path == "/shared" {
+			method = "POST"
+		}
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		r := httptest.NewRequest(method, path, nil)
+		r.Header.Set("Idempotency-Key", "same")
+		app.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		if w.Code != 200 || !strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), `"code":400002`) || !strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), "项目提示") || strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), "private") {
+			t.Fatal(w.Code, w.Body.String())
+		}
+	}
+	if stats := meter.Snapshot(); stats.Errors != 7 || stats.StatusCounts["200"] != 7 {
+		t.Fatal("lost business failure metrics", stats)
+	}
+	if calls != 2 {
+		t.Fatal("replay executed business twice")
+	}
+	for _, test := range []struct {
+		path   string
+		status int
+		body   string
+	}{{"/denied", 403, `"code":9`}, {"/missing", 500, `"code":9999`}, {"/committed", 201, "done"}, {"/callback", 202, "ACK"}} {
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		app.ServeHTTP(w, httptest.NewRequest("GET", test.path, nil))
+		if w.Code != test.status || !strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), test.body) {
+			t.Fatal(test.path, w.Code, w.Body.String())
+		}
+	}
+	for _, line := range strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(logs.String()), "\n") {
+		var entry map[string]any
+		if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(line), &entry); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if entry["msg"] != "http.request" {
+			continue
+		}
+		if entry["failed"] != true {
+			t.Fatal("lost failure:", entry)
+		}
+		if entry["path"] == "/callback" {
+			if entry["status"] != float64(202) {
+				t.Fatal(entry)
+			}
+		} else if entry["path"] == "/error" || entry["path"] == "/direct" || entry["path"] == "/bridge" || entry["path"] == "/idempotent" || entry["path"] == "/shared" {
+			if entry["status"] != float64(200) || entry["businessCode"] != float64(400002) || entry["errorKey"] != "INVALID" {
+				t.Fatal(entry)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	// A second application may interpret the same logical identifier differently.
+	app2 := omni.New(omni.WithErrors(apierrors.Catalog{Definitions: map[string]apierrors.Definition{"INVALID": {Status: 409, Code: "conflict", Message: "other"}}}))
+	defer app2.Close()
+	app2.GET("/", func(*omni.Context) error { return apierrors.ByCode("INVALID") })
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	app2.ServeHTTP(w, httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/", nil))
+	if w.Code != 409 || !strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), "other") {
+		t.Fatal(w.Code, w.Body.String())
+	}
+}
+
+// A serialized store exercises the shared middleware contract, including replay
+// metadata. No external service or project database is used by this fixture.
+type catalogStore struct {
+	mu      sync.Mutex
+	records map[string]middleware.IdempotencyRecord
+}
+
+func (s *catalogStore) Claim(_ context.Context, key, fp, owner string) (middleware.IdempotencyRecord, bool, error) {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+	if r, ok := s.records[key]; ok {
+		return r, false, nil
+	}
+	r := middleware.IdempotencyRecord{Fingerprint: fp, Owner: owner, State: "running"}
+	s.records[key] = r
+	return r, true, nil
+}
+func (s *catalogStore) Complete(_ context.Context, key, owner string, response *middleware.StoredResponse, _ time.Duration) error {
+	s.mu.Lock()
+	defer s.mu.Unlock()
+	r := s.records[key]
+	if r.Owner != owner {
+		return errors.New("wrong owner")
+	}
+	r.State = "failed"
+	if response != nil {
+		r.State = "completed"
+		encoded, err := json.Marshal(response)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		var copy middleware.StoredResponse
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(encoded, &copy); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		r.Response = &copy
+	}
+	s.records[key] = r
+	return nil
+}
--- a/app/errorParams_test.go
+++ b/app/errorParams_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+package app_test
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	omni "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
+	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/httpx"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/metrics"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/middleware"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/response"
+)
+
+func TestTemplateErrorsAcrossPoliciesAndReplay(t *testing.T) {
+	var logs bytes.Buffer
+	lc := logx.Default()
+	lc.Writer = &logs
+	logger, err := logx.New(lc)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	logx.SetDefault(logger)
+	defer logx.SetDefault(nil)
+	defer logger.Close()
+	cat := apierrors.Catalog{DefaultStatus: 200, Definitions: map[string]apierrors.Definition{"TOO_LONG": {
+		Code: 400002, Message: "{label}不能超过{max}个字符", Params: []apierrors.Parameter{{Name: "label", Type: "string"}, {Name: "max", Type: "int"}},
+	}}}
+	registry := apierrors.MustRegistry(cat)
+	encoder := response.MustWithErrors(cat, response.MustNew(response.Config{CodeType: "int32", SuccessCode: 0, ErrorCode: 9999, MessageField: "msg", DataMode: "always"}))
+	app := omni.New(omni.WithLogger(true))
+	defer app.Close()
+	meter := metrics.New()
+	app.Use(meter.Middleware())
+	// The clone uses the route policy even though the App has a different default.
+	app.Use(func(next httpx.Handler) httpx.Handler {
+		return func(c *httpx.Context) error {
+			err := next(c)
+			if f := c.Failure(); f != nil && strings.Contains(f.Message, "{label}") {
+				t.Error("unrendered failure", f)
+			}
+			return err
+		}
+	})
+	bridge := httpx.WrapMiddleware(func(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
+		return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { next.ServeHTTP(w, r) })
+	})
+	calls := 0
+	handler := func(c *httpx.Context) error {
+		calls++
+		values := map[string]any{"label": "企业名称", "max": 100}
+		if c.Header("X-Label") == "remark" {
+			values = map[string]any{"label": "备注", "max": 500}
+		}
+		switch c.Header("X-Failure") {
+		case "missing":
+			delete(values, "max")
+		case "type":
+			values["max"] = "private-value"
+		}
+		e := apierrors.ByCode("TOO_LONG").WithParams(values).WithCause(errors.New("private cause"))
+		if c.Header("X-Resolved") == "true" {
+			return registry.Resolve(e)
+		}
+		return e
+	}
+	app.HandleWithResponse("POST", "/direct", encoder, handler, bridge)
+	for _, shared := range []bool{false, true} {
+		cfg := middleware.IdempotencyConfig{Scope: func(*httpx.Context) (string, error) { return "fixture", nil }}
+		path := "/local"
+		if shared {
+			path = "/shared"
+			cfg.Store = &catalogStore{records: map[string]middleware.IdempotencyRecord{}}
+		}
+		idem, err := middleware.NewIdempotency(cfg)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		app.HandleWithResponse("POST", path, encoder, handler, idem.Middleware(), bridge)
+	}
+	check := func(path, label, key, kind string, status int, want string) *httptest.ResponseRecorder {
+		t.Helper()
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		r := httptest.NewRequest("POST", path, nil)
+		r.Header.Set("Idempotency-Key", key)
+		r.Header.Set("X-Label", label)
+		r.Header.Set("X-Failure", kind)
+		r.Header.Set("X-Resolved", "true")
+		app.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		if w.Code != status || !strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), want) || strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), "private") || strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), "{label}") {
+			t.Fatal(path, w.Code, w.Body.String())
+		}
+		if status == 200 && (!strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), `"data":null`) || !strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), `"code":400002`)) {
+			t.Fatal(w.Body.String())
+		}
+		return w
+	}
+	for _, path := range []string{"/direct", "/local", "/shared"} {
+		for _, label := range []string{"company", "remark"} {
+			want := "企业名称不能超过100个字符"
+			if label == "remark" {
+				want = "备注不能超过500个字符"
+			}
+			first := check(path, label, label, "", 200, want)
+			if path != "/direct" {
+				before := calls
+				second := check(path, label, label, "", 200, want)
+				if calls != before || first.Body.String() != second.Body.String() || second.Header().Get("Idempotency-Replayed") != "true" {
+					t.Fatal("bad replay")
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	check("/direct", "company", "", "missing", 500, "internal server error")
+	check("/direct", "company", "", "type", 500, "internal server error")
+	stats := meter.Snapshot()
+	if stats.Errors != 12 || stats.StatusCounts["200"] != 10 || stats.StatusCounts["500"] != 2 {
+		t.Fatal(stats)
+	}
+	seen, diagnostics := 0, 0
+	for _, line := range strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(logs.String()), "\n") {
+		var entry map[string]any
+		if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(line), &entry); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if entry["msg"] != "http.request" {
+			continue
+		}
+		seen++
+		if entry["failed"] != true {
+			t.Fatal(entry)
+		}
+		if entry["status"] == float64(200) && (entry["errorKey"] != "TOO_LONG" || entry["businessCode"] != float64(400002)) {
+			t.Fatal(entry)
+		}
+		if entry["errorParameter"] != nil {
+			diagnostics++
+			if strings.Contains(entry["errorParameter"].(string), "private-value") {
+				t.Fatal(entry)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if seen != 12 || diagnostics != 2 {
+		t.Fatal(seen, diagnostics)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolvedFailureReplaySurvivesCatalogChanges(t *testing.T) {
+	store := &catalogStore{records: map[string]middleware.IdempotencyRecord{}}
+	var observed []*apierrors.APIError
+	makeApp := func(message string) *omni.App {
+		cat := apierrors.Catalog{DefaultStatus: 200, Definitions: map[string]apierrors.Definition{"T": {Code: "code", Message: message, Params: []apierrors.Parameter{{Name: "label", Type: "string"}}}}}
+		app := omni.New(omni.WithErrors(cat))
+		app.Use(func(next httpx.Handler) httpx.Handler {
+			return func(c *httpx.Context) error { err := next(c); observed = append(observed, c.Failure()); return err }
+		})
+		idem, err := middleware.NewIdempotency(middleware.IdempotencyConfig{Store: store, Scope: func(*httpx.Context) (string, error) { return "fixture", nil }})
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		app.POST("/", func(c *httpx.Context) error {
+			return apierrors.ByCode("T").WithParams(map[string]any{"label": "企业"})
+		}, idem.Middleware())
+		return app
+	}
+	for _, message := range []string{"{label}原文案", "{label}新文案"} {
+		app := makeApp(message)
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		r := httptest.NewRequest("POST", "/", nil)
+		r.Header.Set("Idempotency-Key", "same")
+		app.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		app.Close()
+		if !strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), "企业原文案") {
+			t.Fatal(w.Body.String())
+		}
+	}
+	if len(observed) != 2 || observed[0].Message != "企业原文案" || observed[1].Message != "企业原文案" || observed[1].Code != "T" {
+		t.Fatal(observed)
+	}
+}
--- a/app/router.go
+++ b/app/router.go
@@ -30,6 +30,9 @@ func (a *App) adaptResponse(encoder response.Encoder, handler httpx.Handler, mid
 			request = request.WithContext(httpx.WithClientIPResolver(request.Context(), a.clientIPResolver))
 		}
 		requestContext := httpx.NewContext(request, writer, httpx.RouteParams(request.Context()))
+		if provider, ok := a.responseEncoder.(response.ErrorRegistryProvider); ok {
+			requestContext.SetErrorRegistry(provider.ErrorRegistry())
+		}
 		requestContext.SetResponseEncoder(encoder)
 		defer func() { httpx.CleanupMultipart(requestContext.Request()) }()
 		if err := wrapped(requestContext); err != nil {
--- a/cmd/go-omni/README.md
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/README.md
@@ -21,6 +21,10 @@ go run ./cmd/go-omni api validate --api examples/contracts/user.api
 后续在生成项目内执行 `go-omni api generate --api api/user.api --dir .`。
 项目内可省略 `--api` / `--dir`。`api inspect` 展示路由和鉴权/业务错误，`api export` 向 stdout 导出 OpenAPI，`api generate --dry-run` 预览文件变化。`--check` 只读检查生成产物是否过期。生成器记录所有权，保留 Service / Repository / 配置 / main 的手写内容，遇到生成文件被手动修改则报冲突。新 Service 与中间件占位实现返回 501。支持 `error (...)`、具名 `auth`、路由 `@errors` / `@auth` 和多行 `@doc`；错误目录同步生成 `internal/apierrors` 调用函数。

+`v0.10.0-preview` 新增 `errorCatalog`：集中配置业务码、提示和 HTTP 状态，支持默认 HTTP 200 与单条覆盖，生成函数、路由策略和 OpenAPI 共用一份定义。语法及配置方式见 [统一错误目录](../../errors/README.md)。
+
+`v0.11.0-preview` 增加有序模板参数，生成带类型的错误函数和具体文档示例；示例见 [errorParams.api](../../examples/contracts/errorParams.api)。新生成代码需要同版或更新框架。
+
 支持范围、参数语义、目录及安全更新策略见 [API 开发指南](../../API.md)。本版借鉴 go-zero 的工作流，不宣称兼容全部 goctl 语法；仍通过 Omni/httpx 保留网络层替换能力。

 ## 日志与对象存储按需装配
@@ -75,8 +79,8 @@ Handler / Service / Repository / Model 与模块注册入口。模块名为 lowe
 从远程安装，生成一个带 Handler / Service / Repository / Model 分层的服务骨架：

 ```sh
-GOPRIVATE=git.yuntuo.hk go install git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/cmd/go-omni@v0.9.1-preview
-go-omni new --framework-version v0.9.1-preview --module example.com/billing ./billing
+GOPRIVATE=git.yuntuo.hk go install git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/cmd/go-omni@v0.11.0-preview
+go-omni new --framework-version v0.11.0-preview --module example.com/billing ./billing
 cd billing
 go mod tidy
 go run ./cmd/server
--- a/cmd/go-omni/apigen/contractMetadata.go
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/apigen/contractMetadata.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"sort"
 	"strings"

+	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/openapi"
 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/response"
 )
@@ -20,14 +21,18 @@ var credentialName = regexp.MustCompile("^[!#$%&'*+.^_`|~0-9A-Za-z-]+$")
 func prepareMetadata(original *Spec) (*Spec, error) {
 	spec := *original
 	spec.Routes = append([]Route(nil), original.Routes...)
+	spec.Errors = append([]ErrorDefinition(nil), original.Errors...)
 	if err := validateResponses(&spec); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	definitions := map[string]ErrorDefinition{}
-	codes, symbols := map[string]bool{}, map[string]bool{}
+	codes, symbols := map[string]bool{}, map[string]bool{"Catalog": true}
 	for _, e := range spec.Errors {
-		if !exportedName.MatchString(e.Name) || e.Status < 400 || e.Status > 599 || !errorCode.MatchString(e.Code) || strings.TrimSpace(e.Message) == "" {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s: error requires UpperCamelCase name, status 400..599, UPPER_SNAKE_CASE code and a nonempty public message", e.Position)
+		if !exportedName.MatchString(e.Name) || !apierrors.ValidErrorStatus(e.Status) || strings.TrimSpace(e.Message) == "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s: error requires UpperCamelCase name, a final body-bearing status (200..599 except 204/205/304) and a nonempty public message", e.Position)
+		}
+		if e.Catalog == "" && !errorCode.MatchString(e.Code) {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s: legacy error declaration requires UPPER_SNAKE_CASE code", e.Position)
 		}
 		if codes[e.Code] {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s: duplicate error code %s", e.Position, e.Code)
@@ -41,6 +46,18 @@ func prepareMetadata(original *Spec) (*Spec, error) {
 		codes[e.Code] = true
 		definitions[e.Name] = e
 	}
+	registry, err := apierrors.NewRegistry(errorCatalog(&spec, nil))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	normalized := registry.Catalog()
+	for i := range spec.Errors {
+		spec.Errors[i].BusinessCode = normalized.Definitions[spec.Errors[i].Code].Code
+		spec.Errors[i].Params = normalized.Definitions[spec.Errors[i].Code].Params
+	}
+	if err := validateErrorPolicies(&spec); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
 	auth := map[string]AuthDefinition{}
 	for _, a := range spec.Auth {
 		if !exportedName.MatchString(a.Name) || !goName.MatchString(a.Middleware) || strings.EqualFold(a.Middleware, "defaults") || strings.EqualFold(a.Middleware, "registryGen") {
@@ -84,7 +101,7 @@ func prepareMetadata(original *Spec) (*Spec, error) {
 		seen := map[string]bool{}
 		for _, name := range r.Errors {
 			if _, ok := definitions[name]; !ok {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s: unknown error %s; declare it in error (...)", r.Position, name)
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s: unknown error %s; declare it in errorCatalog or error (...)", r.Position, name)
 			}
 			if seen[name] {
 				return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s: duplicate error %s", r.Position, name)
@@ -124,6 +141,7 @@ func decorateDocument(doc map[string]any, spec *Spec) {
 	}
 	doc["components"].(map[string]any)["securitySchemes"] = schemes
 	definitions := map[string]ErrorDefinition{}
+	registry := apierrors.MustRegistry(errorCatalog(spec, nil))
 	for _, e := range spec.Errors {
 		definitions[e.Name] = e
 	}
@@ -182,15 +200,37 @@ func decorateDocument(doc map[string]any, spec *Spec) {
 				response = genericErrorResponse(http.StatusText(status), cfg)
 				responses[key] = response
 			}
-			media := response["content"].(map[string]any)["application/json"].(map[string]any)
+			content, ok := response["content"].(map[string]any)
+			if !ok {
+				content = map[string]any{}
+				response["content"] = content
+			}
+			media, hasJSON := content["application/json"].(map[string]any)
+			if !hasJSON {
+				media = map[string]any{}
+				content["application/json"] = media
+			}
+			errorMedia := genericErrorResponse("", cfg)["content"].(map[string]any)["application/json"].(map[string]any)
+			if exists && status < 400 && media["schema"] != nil {
+				media["schema"] = map[string]any{"anyOf": []any{media["schema"], errorMedia["schema"]}}
+			} else if media["schema"] == nil {
+				media["schema"] = errorMedia["schema"]
+			}
 			examples := map[string]any{}
 			codes := []any{}
 			seenCodes := map[string]bool{}
 			description := []string{}
+			if exists {
+				if text, ok := response["description"].(string); ok && text != "" {
+					description = append(description, text)
+				}
+			}
 			sort.Slice(errs, func(i, j int) bool { return errs[i].Name < errs[j].Name })
 			for _, e := range errs {
-				value := policy.Value(responseResult(e))
-				examples[e.Name] = map[string]any{"summary": e.Message, "value": value}
+				result := responseResult(e)
+				result.Message = registry.Example(e.Code).Message
+				value := policy.Value(result)
+				examples[e.Name] = map[string]any{"summary": result.Message, "value": value}
 				codeKey := fmt.Sprint(value[cfg.CodeField])
 				if !seenCodes[codeKey] {
 					codes = append(codes, value[cfg.CodeField])
@@ -207,7 +247,7 @@ func decorateDocument(doc map[string]any, spec *Spec) {
 	}
 }
 func responseResult(e ErrorDefinition) response.Result {
-	return response.Result{Status: e.Status, Code: e.Code, Message: e.Message, RequestID: "exampleRequest"}
+	return response.Result{Status: e.Status, Code: e.Code, Message: e.Message, BusinessCode: e.BusinessCode, Failed: true, RequestID: "exampleRequest"}
 }
 func genericErrorResponse(description string, cfg response.Config) map[string]any {
 	if description == "" {
--- a/cmd/go-omni/apigen/declarations.go
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/apigen/declarations.go
@@ -4,16 +4,21 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
+
+	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
 )

 // ErrorDefinition declares a public, stable error. Generated constructors return
 // a fresh error each time so WithCause cannot mutate a shared singleton.
 type ErrorDefinition struct {
-	Name     string `json:"name"`
-	Status   int    `json:"status"`
-	Code     string `json:"code"`
-	Message  string `json:"message"`
-	Position string `json:"-"`
+	Name         string                `json:"name"`
+	BusinessCode any                   `json:"businessCode,omitempty"`
+	Params       []apierrors.Parameter `json:"params,omitempty"`
+	Catalog      string                `json:"catalog,omitempty"`
+	Status       int                   `json:"status"`
+	Code         string                `json:"code"`
+	Message      string                `json:"message"`
+	Position     string                `json:"-"`
 }
 type AuthDefinition struct {
 	Name, Type, In, KeyName, Middleware, Description, BearerFormat, Position string
--- a/cmd/go-omni/apigen/errorCatalog.go
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/apigen/errorCatalog.go
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+package apigen
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
+	"strconv"
+
+	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/response"
+)
+
+// A named catalog groups project definitions under one default HTTP status.
+// Each JSON object key supplies the generated Go function's name, while key is
+// the independent logical identifier and code is the public string/integer.
+func (p *parser) parseErrorCatalog() error {
+	pos := p.next().position
+	name, err := p.ident()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if !exportedName.MatchString(name) {
+		return p.err("errorCatalog requires an UpperCamelCase name")
+	}
+	for _, prior := range p.spec.ErrorCatalogs {
+		if prior == name {
+			return p.err("duplicate errorCatalog " + name)
+		}
+	}
+	p.spec.ErrorCatalogs = append(p.spec.ErrorCatalogs, name)
+	p.skip()
+	props, err := p.metadata()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defaultStatus := 400
+	if value, ok := props["defaultStatus"]; ok {
+		defaultStatus, err = strconv.Atoi(value)
+		if err != nil {
+			return p.err("defaultStatus must be an integer")
+		}
+	}
+	if !apierrors.ValidErrorStatus(defaultStatus) {
+		return p.err("invalid errorCatalog defaultStatus")
+	}
+	for key := range props {
+		if key != "defaultStatus" && key != "errors" {
+			return p.err("unsupported errorCatalog property " + key)
+		}
+	}
+	type entry struct {
+		Key     string                `json:"key"`
+		Code    any                   `json:"code"`
+		Message string                `json:"message"`
+		Status  int                   `json:"status"`
+		Params  []apierrors.Parameter `json:"params"`
+	}
+	var entries map[string]entry
+	if err := apierrors.DecodeCatalogJSON([]byte(props["errors"]), &entries); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s: catalog %s: %w", pos, name, err)
+	}
+	if len(entries) == 0 {
+		return p.err("errorCatalog requires errors")
+	}
+	names := make([]string, 0, len(entries))
+	for key := range entries {
+		names = append(names, key)
+	}
+	sort.Strings(names)
+	for _, fn := range names {
+		e := entries[fn]
+		if e.Code == nil {
+			return p.err("errorCatalog error requires code")
+		}
+		if e.Status == 0 {
+			e.Status = defaultStatus
+		}
+		p.spec.Errors = append(p.spec.Errors, ErrorDefinition{Name: fn, Status: e.Status, Code: e.Key, Message: e.Message, BusinessCode: e.Code, Params: e.Params, Catalog: name, Position: pos})
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func errorCatalog(spec *Spec, names []string) apierrors.Catalog {
+	c := apierrors.Catalog{Definitions: map[string]apierrors.Definition{}}
+	selected := map[string]bool{}
+	for _, n := range names {
+		selected[n] = true
+	}
+	for _, e := range spec.Errors {
+		if names != nil && !selected[e.Name] {
+			continue
+		}
+		c.Definitions[e.Code] = apierrors.Definition{Status: e.Status, Code: e.BusinessCode, Message: e.Message, Params: e.Params}
+	}
+	return c
+}
+
+// Validate the exact catalog/template pair used by each route. Different routes
+// can use different code types without forcing a global response representation.
+func validateErrorPolicies(spec *Spec) error {
+	for _, r := range spec.Routes {
+		f, err := response.New(responseConfig(spec, r))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if _, err = response.WithErrors(errorCatalog(spec, append([]string{}, r.Errors...)), f); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%s: %w", r.Position, err)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func errorCatalogJSON(spec *Spec, names []string) string {
+	data, err := json.Marshal(errorCatalog(spec, names))
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	return string(data)
+}
--- a/cmd/go-omni/apigen/errorCatalog_test.go
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/apigen/errorCatalog_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+package apigen
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestErrorCatalogDocumentAndValidation(t *testing.T) {
+	path := filepath.Join(frameworkRoot(t), "examples/contracts/errors.api")
+	source := readFile(t, path)
+	spec, err := Parse(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	compiled, err := Compile(spec)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for _, path := range []string{"/token", "/raw"} {
+		method := "post"
+		if path == "/raw" {
+			method = "get"
+		}
+		op := operation(t, document(t, compiled), path, method)
+		response := op["responses"].(map[string]any)["200"].(map[string]any)
+		media := response["content"].(map[string]any)["application/json"].(map[string]any)
+		alternatives := media["schema"].(map[string]any)["anyOf"].([]any)
+		if len(alternatives) != 2 {
+			t.Fatal("lost success or failure shape")
+		}
+		if path == "/raw" {
+			if alternatives[0].(map[string]any)["properties"].(map[string]any)["token"] == nil {
+				t.Fatal("raw success wrapped")
+			}
+		}
+		examples := media["examples"].(map[string]any)
+		if len(examples) != 2 {
+			t.Fatal(examples)
+		}
+		for _, name := range []string{"UsernameInvalid", "PasswordInvalid"} {
+			value := examples[name].(map[string]any)["value"].(map[string]any)
+			if value["ok"] != false || value["code"] != float64(400002) || value["msg"] == nil {
+				t.Fatal(value)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	for _, change := range [][2]string{
+		{`defaultStatus: 200`, `defaultStatus: 204`},
+		{`"status": 403`, `"status": 304`},
+		{`"PASSWORD_INVALID"`, `"USERNAME_INVALID"`},
+		{`"code": 400002`, `"code": 2147483648`},
+		{`"code": 400002`, `"code": "400002"`},
+		{`"code": 400002`, `"code": 1.5`},
+		{`"code": 400002`, `"code": null`},
+		{`"code": 400002`, `"code": 400002, "code": 400003`},
+		{`"message": "用户名格式不正确"`, `"message": "用户名格式不正确", "typo": true`},
+		{`@handler token`, `@errors Unknown\n    @handler token`},
+		{`successCode: 0`, `successCode: 0\n    codes: {"USERNAME_INVALID": 999}`},
+	} {
+		text := strings.Replace(source, change[0], strings.ReplaceAll(change[1], `\n`, "\n"), 1)
+		s, err := parseText(t, text)
+		if err == nil {
+			_, err = Compile(s)
+		}
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Errorf("accepted %s", change[1])
+		}
+	}
+	// The legacy declaration is also allowed to carry a HTTP 200 failure.
+	old := strings.Replace(declaredAPI, "EmailTaken 409", "EmailTaken 200", 1)
+	s, err := parseText(t, old)
+	if err == nil {
+		_, err = Compile(s)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestErrorCatalogConsumer(t *testing.T) {
+	testCatalogConsumer(t, "errors.api", "errorCatalog")
+}
+
+func testCatalogConsumer(t *testing.T, apiFile, fixtureName string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	if os.Getenv("GO_OMNI_SCAFFOLD_INTEGRATION") == "" {
+		t.Skip("consumer integration")
+	}
+	root := frameworkRoot(t)
+	dir := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "consumer")
+	opts := Options{API: filepath.Join(root, "examples/contracts", apiFile), Dir: dir, Module: "example.com/errorCatalog", FrameworkDir: root}
+	cli := os.Getenv("GO_OMNI_RELEASE_CLI")
+	generate := func(check bool) {
+		t.Helper()
+		if cli == "" {
+			o := opts
+			o.Check = check
+			if _, err := Generate(o); err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			return
+		}
+		args := []string{"api", "generate", "--api", opts.API, "--dir", dir, "--module", opts.Module}
+		if check {
+			args = append(args, "--check")
+		}
+		cmd := exec.Command(cli, args...)
+		cmd.Dir = filepath.Dir(dir)
+		if output, err := cmd.CombinedOutput(); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("release generate %v\n%s", err, output)
+		}
+	}
+	generate(false)
+
+	fixture := readFile(t, filepath.Join("testdata", fixtureName, "consumer_test.go"))
+	writeFile(t, filepath.Join(dir, "consumer_test.go"), fixture)
+	generate(false)
+	generate(true)
+	if readFile(t, filepath.Join(dir, "consumer_test.go")) != fixture {
+		t.Fatal("regeneration overwrote manual code")
+	}
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 120*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, "go", "test", "-race", "-mod=mod", "-count=1", "./...")
+	cmd.Dir = dir
+	cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(), "GOWORK=off")
+	if output, err := cmd.CombinedOutput(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("consumer %v\n%s", err, output)
+	}
+	if cli != "" {
+		cmd = exec.CommandContext(ctx, "go", "list", "-m", "-json", frameworkModule)
+		cmd.Dir = dir
+		cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(), "GOWORK=off")
+		output, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err, string(output))
+		}
+		var module struct {
+			Version, Sum string
+			Replace      any
+		}
+		if err = json.Unmarshal(output, &module); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if module.Version != os.Getenv("GO_OMNI_RELEASE_VERSION") || module.Replace != nil || module.Sum == "" {
+			t.Fatal("not a fixed remote consumer")
+		}
+		t.Logf("remote framework %s checksum %s; no local replace", module.Version, module.Sum)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestErrorCatalogImportsAndRouteScopes(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	writeFile(t, filepath.Join(dir, "common.api"), `errorCatalog Numeric (
+ defaultStatus: 200
+ errors: {"NumberInvalid":{"key":"number.invalid","code":12,"message":"number"}}
+)
+errorCatalog Text (
+ defaultStatus: 409
+ errors: {"TextInvalid":{"key":"textInvalid","code":"000012","message":"text"}}
+)
+response NumericResponse (
+ codeType: int32
+ successCode: 0
+ errorCode: 9999
+)
+`)
+	writeFile(t, filepath.Join(dir, "service.api"), `import "common.api"
+@server (
+ response: NumericResponse
+ errors: NumberInvalid
+)
+service scopes-api {
+ @handler numeric
+ get /number
+}
+@server (
+ errors: TextInvalid
+)
+service scopes-api {
+ @handler text
+ get /text
+}
+`)
+	s, err := Parse(filepath.Join(dir, "service.api"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	compiled, err := Compile(s)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	doc := document(t, compiled)
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		path, status, name string
+		code               any
+	}{{"/number", "200", "NumberInvalid", float64(12)}, {"/text", "409", "TextInvalid", "000012"}} {
+		response := operation(t, doc, tc.path, "get")["responses"].(map[string]any)[tc.status].(map[string]any)
+		value := response["content"].(map[string]any)["application/json"].(map[string]any)["examples"].(map[string]any)[tc.name].(map[string]any)["value"].(map[string]any)
+		if value["code"] != tc.code {
+			t.Fatal(value)
+		}
+	}
+}
--- a/cmd/go-omni/apigen/errorParams_test.go
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/apigen/errorParams_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+package apigen
+
+import (
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestErrorParamsConsumer(t *testing.T) { testCatalogConsumer(t, "errorParams.api", "errorParams") }
+
+func TestErrorParamsDocumentAndValidation(t *testing.T) {
+	path := filepath.Join(frameworkRoot(t), "examples/contracts/errorParams.api")
+	source := readFile(t, path)
+	spec, err := Parse(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	compiled, err := Compile(spec)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	doc := document(t, compiled)
+	definitions := doc["x-omni-errors"].([]any)
+	found := false
+	for _, value := range definitions {
+		e := value.(map[string]any)
+		if e["name"] == "TextTooLong" {
+			found = true
+			params := e["params"].([]any)
+			if len(params) != 2 || params[0].(map[string]any)["name"] != "label" || params[1].(map[string]any)["type"] != "int" || e["message"] != "{label}不能超过{max}个字符" {
+				t.Fatal(e)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if !found {
+		t.Fatal("missing template definition")
+	}
+	for _, path := range []string{"/token", "/raw"} {
+		method := "post"
+		if path == "/raw" {
+			method = "get"
+		}
+		response := operation(t, doc, path, method)["responses"].(map[string]any)["200"].(map[string]any)
+		media := response["content"].(map[string]any)["application/json"].(map[string]any)
+		value := media["examples"].(map[string]any)["TextTooLong"].(map[string]any)["value"].(map[string]any)
+		if value["msg"] != "企业名称不能超过100个字符" || value["code"] != float64(400002) {
+			t.Fatal(value)
+		}
+		if _, ok := value["data"]; !ok {
+			t.Fatal("data null omitted", value)
+		}
+		if len(media["schema"].(map[string]any)["anyOf"].([]any)) != 2 {
+			t.Fatal("success schema lost")
+		}
+	}
+	for _, change := range [][2]string{
+		{`"{label}不能超过{max}个字符"`, `"{label}不能超过{missing}个字符"`},
+		{`"type": "int"`, `"type": "unknown"`},
+		{`"example": 100`, `"example": "100"`},
+		{`"name": "max"`, `"name": "label"`},
+		{`"name": "max"`, `"name": "type"`},
+		{`successCode: 0`, `successCode: 0\n    messages: {"TEXT_TOO_LONG":"{label}不能超过{max}个字符"}`},
+	} {
+		changed := strings.Replace(source, change[0], strings.ReplaceAll(change[1], `\n`, "\n"), 1)
+		s, err := parseText(t, changed)
+		if err == nil {
+			_, err = Compile(s)
+		}
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("accepted", change)
+		}
+	}
+	// Removing examples still produces a concrete, deterministic example.
+	noExamples := strings.ReplaceAll(strings.ReplaceAll(source, `, "example": "企业名称"`, ""), `, "example": 100`, "")
+	s, err := parseText(t, noExamples)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	c, err := Compile(s)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(string(c.Document), "label不能超过1个字符") {
+		t.Fatal("missing generated example")
+	}
+}
--- a/cmd/go-omni/apigen/generate.go
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/apigen/generate.go
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ import (
 )

 const frameworkModule = "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
-const minimumVersion = "v0.9.0-preview"
+const minimumVersion = "v0.11.0-preview"
 const generatedHeader = "// Code generated by go-omni api. DO NOT EDIT.\n"

 type Options struct {
@@ -140,13 +140,13 @@ func generate(o Options, c *Compiled, starter bool) (Output, error) {
 					if !filepath.IsAbs(path) {
 						path = filepath.Join(directory, path)
 					}
-					if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(path, "contract", "scalar.go")); err == nil {
+					if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(path, "errors", "params.go")); err == nil {
 						localCurrent = true
 					}
 				}
 			}
 			if !localCurrent {
-				return Output{}, fmt.Errorf("existing framework dependency predates migration extensions; use %s or a current local replacement", minimumVersion)
+				return Output{}, fmt.Errorf("existing framework dependency predates error template parameter support; use %s or a current local replacement", minimumVersion)
 			}
 		}
 		if o.FrameworkDir != "" {
@@ -312,12 +312,28 @@ func renderProject(o Options, c *Compiled, starter bool) (map[string][]byte, map
 	generated, seeds := map[string][]byte{}, map[string][]byte{}
 	put := func(files map[string][]byte, name, content string) { files[name] = []byte(content) }
 	if len(c.Spec.Errors) > 0 {
-		content := "package apierrors\nimport omnierrors " + strconv.Quote(frameworkModule+"/errors") + "\n"
+		content := "package apierrors\nimport(\"encoding/json\"; omnierrors " + strconv.Quote(frameworkModule+"/errors") + ")\n"
+		content += fmt.Sprintf("func Catalog()omnierrors.Catalog{var c omnierrors.Catalog;if err:=json.Unmarshal([]byte(%q),&c);err!=nil{panic(err)};return c}\nvar errorRegistry=omnierrors.MustRegistry(Catalog())\n", errorCatalogJSON(c.Spec, nil))
 		for _, e := range c.Spec.Errors {
-			content += fmt.Sprintf("const Code%s = %q\n// %s returns a fresh public error declared in the API contract.\nfunc %s()*omnierrors.APIError{return omnierrors.New(%d,Code%s,%q)}\n", e.Name, e.Code, e.Name, e.Name, e.Status, e.Name, e.Message)
+			var args, values []string
+			for _, p := range e.Params {
+				name := p.Name
+				switch name {
+				case "string", "any", "omnierrors", "errorRegistry", "int", "int32", "int64", "float64", "bool":
+					name = "_" + name
+				}
+				args = append(args, name+" "+p.Type)
+				values = append(values, strconv.Quote(p.Name)+":"+name)
+			}
+			ref := fmt.Sprintf("omnierrors.ByCode(Code%s)", e.Name)
+			if len(args) > 0 {
+				ref += ".WithParams(map[string]any{" + strings.Join(values, ",") + "})"
+			}
+			content += fmt.Sprintf("const Code%s=%q\n// %s returns a fresh, resolved error declared in the API contract.\nfunc %s(%s)*omnierrors.APIError{return errorRegistry.Resolve(%s)}\n", e.Name, e.Code, e.Name, e.Name, strings.Join(args, ","), ref)
 		}
 		put(generated, "internal/apierrors/errorsGen.go", generatedHeader+content)
 	}
+
 	types := "package types\n\n"
 	if len(c.Spec.Scalars) > 0 {
 		types += "import("
@@ -343,7 +359,7 @@ func renderProject(o Options, c *Compiled, starter bool) (map[string][]byte, map
 	put(generated, "internal/types/typesGen.go", generatedHeader+types)
 	put(generated, "docs/openapi.json", string(c.Document)+"\n")
 	put(generated, "internal/handler/openapiGen.go", generatedHeader+fmt.Sprintf("package handler\nimport (\"net/http\"; %q)\nconst OpenAPIDocument = %q\nfunc OpenAPI(c *httpx.Context) error { return c.WriteResponse(200,http.Header{\"Content-Type\": {\"application/json; charset=utf-8\"}},[]byte(OpenAPIDocument)) }\n", frameworkModule+"/httpx", string(c.Document)+"\n"))
-	policySource := fmt.Sprintf("package handler\nimport(\"encoding/json\";\"strings\";%q)\nvar responseTemplates=map[string]response.Encoder{\"\":response.Default(),\n", frameworkModule+"/response")
+	policySource := fmt.Sprintf("package handler\nimport(\"encoding/json\";\"strings\";%q; omnierrors %q)\nvar responseTemplates=map[string]response.Encoder{\"\":response.Default(),\n", frameworkModule+"/response", frameworkModule+"/errors")
 	for _, definition := range c.Spec.Responses {
 		data, err := json.Marshal(definition.Config)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -351,7 +367,8 @@ func renderProject(o Options, c *Compiled, starter bool) (map[string][]byte, map
 		}
 		policySource += fmt.Sprintf("%q: newResponseTemplate(%q),\n", definition.Name, string(data))
 	}
-	policySource += "}\nfunc newResponseTemplate(raw string)response.Encoder{var cfg response.Config;decoder:=json.NewDecoder(strings.NewReader(raw));decoder.UseNumber();if err:=decoder.Decode(&cfg);err!=nil{panic(err)};return response.MustNew(cfg)}\nfunc responseEncoder(name string,raw bool)response.Encoder{encoder:=responseTemplates[name];if encoder==nil{panic(\"unknown response template\")};if raw{encoder=response.RawJSON(encoder)};return encoder}\n"
+	policySource += "}\nfunc newResponseTemplate(raw string)response.Encoder{var cfg response.Config;decoder:=json.NewDecoder(strings.NewReader(raw));decoder.UseNumber();if err:=decoder.Decode(&cfg);err!=nil{panic(err)};return response.MustNew(cfg)}\n"
+	policySource += "func responseEncoder(name string,raw bool,catalogJSON string)response.Encoder{encoder:=responseTemplates[name];if encoder==nil{panic(\"unknown response template\")};var catalog omnierrors.Catalog;if err:=json.Unmarshal([]byte(catalogJSON),&catalog);err!=nil{panic(err)};encoder=response.MustWithErrors(catalog,encoder);if raw{encoder=response.RawJSON(encoder)};return encoder}\n"
 	put(generated, "internal/handler/responseGen.go", generatedHeader+policySource)
 	imports := fmt.Sprintf("import (\"fmt\"; %q; %q; %q;", frameworkModule+"/httpx", frameworkModule+"/openapi", o.Module+"/internal/servicecontext")
 	routes := "func RegisterRoutes(router openapi.Registrar, deps *servicecontext.Context) error {\n if router==nil || deps==nil {return fmt.Errorf(\"router and dependencies required\")}\n"
@@ -412,9 +429,9 @@ func renderProject(o Options, c *Compiled, starter bool) (map[string][]byte, map
 			name := upper(r.Handler)
 			// The response policy and body reader cap are installed before App middleware.
 			if r.MaxBodyBytes > 0 {
-				routes += fmt.Sprintf("httpx.HandleWithBodyLimit(router,%q,%q,%d,responseEncoder(%q,%t),h%d.%s", strings.ToUpper(r.Method), r.Path, r.MaxBodyBytes, responseName(r), r.ResponseFormat == "raw", i, name)
+				routes += fmt.Sprintf("httpx.HandleWithBodyLimit(router,%q,%q,%d,responseEncoder(%q,%t,%q),h%d.%s", strings.ToUpper(r.Method), r.Path, r.MaxBodyBytes, responseName(r), r.ResponseFormat == "raw", errorCatalogJSON(c.Spec, append([]string{}, r.Errors...)), i, name)
 			} else {
-				routes += fmt.Sprintf("httpx.HandleWithResponse(router,%q,%q,responseEncoder(%q,%t),h%d.%s", strings.ToUpper(r.Method), r.Path, responseName(r), r.ResponseFormat == "raw", i, name)
+				routes += fmt.Sprintf("httpx.HandleWithResponse(router,%q,%q,responseEncoder(%q,%t,%q),h%d.%s", strings.ToUpper(r.Method), r.Path, responseName(r), r.ResponseFormat == "raw", errorCatalogJSON(c.Spec, append([]string{}, r.Errors...)), i, name)
 			}
 			for _, m := range r.Middleware {
 				routes += fmt.Sprintf(",deps.Middlewares[%q]", m)
--- a/cmd/go-omni/apigen/metadata_test.go
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/apigen/metadata_test.go
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ func TestDeclaredErrorsAndAuthentication(t *testing.T) {
 func TestInvalidDeclarations(t *testing.T) {
 	replacements := [][2]string{
 		{`"EMAIL_TAKEN"`, `"UNAUTHENTICATED"`},
-		{`EmailTaken 409`, `EmailTaken 200`},
+		{`EmailTaken 409`, `EmailTaken 204`},
 		{`EmailTaken 409`, `emailTaken 409`},
 		{`NameTaken 409`, `CodeEmailTaken 409`},
 		{`auth: UserAuth`, `auth: Unknown`},
--- a/cmd/go-omni/apigen/parse.go
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/apigen/parse.go
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 type Spec struct {
 	Title, Version, Service, Description string
 	Errors                               []ErrorDefinition
+	ErrorCatalogs                        []string
 	Auth                                 []AuthDefinition
 	Responses                            []ResponseDefinition
 	Scalars                              []ScalarDefinition
@@ -266,6 +267,10 @@ func (p *parser) parse() error {
 				}
 				p.imports = append(p.imports, v)
 			}
+		case "errorCatalog":
+			if err := p.parseErrorCatalog(); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
 		case "error":
 			if err := p.parseErrors(); err != nil {
 				return err
--- a/cmd/go-omni/apigen/testdata/errorCatalog/consumer_test.go
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/apigen/testdata/errorCatalog/consumer_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+package consumer_test
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"example.com/errorCatalog/internal/apierrors"
+	"example.com/errorCatalog/internal/handler"
+	"example.com/errorCatalog/internal/servicecontext"
+	omni "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
+	omnierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/httpx"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx"
+)
+
+func TestGeneratedCatalog(t *testing.T) {
+	first := apierrors.UsernameInvalid().WithCause(errors.New("private"))
+	second := apierrors.UsernameInvalid()
+	if first == second || second.Cause != nil || second.Status != 200 || second.BusinessCode != int64(400002) {
+		t.Fatal("shared or incomplete generated error")
+	}
+	copy := apierrors.Catalog()
+	delete(copy.Definitions, apierrors.CodeUsernameInvalid)
+	if len(apierrors.Catalog().Definitions) != 3 {
+		t.Fatal("shared catalog")
+	}
+	cfg := logx.Default()
+	cfg.Writer = io.Discard
+	logger, err := logx.New(cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer logger.Close()
+	deps, err := servicecontext.New(context.Background(), logger)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer deps.Close()
+	app := omni.New()
+	defer app.Close()
+	// Global middleware exits early: generated route policy must already be active.
+	app.Use(func(next httpx.Handler) httpx.Handler {
+		return func(c *httpx.Context) error {
+			switch c.Header("X-Fixture") {
+			case "username":
+				return omnierrors.ByCode(apierrors.CodeUsernameInvalid).WithCause(errors.New("private"))
+			case "password":
+				return apierrors.PasswordInvalid()
+			case "denied":
+				return apierrors.PermissionDenied()
+			case "unknown":
+				return omnierrors.ByCode("MISSING")
+			default:
+				return c.OK(map[string]string{"token": "ok"})
+			}
+		}
+	})
+	if err := handler.RegisterRoutes(app, deps); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for _, path := range []string{"/token", "/raw"} {
+		for _, test := range []struct {
+			kind   string
+			status int
+			want   string
+		}{{"username", 200, "用户名格式不正确"}, {"password", 200, "密码格式不正确"}, {"denied", 403, "没有权限"}, {"unknown", 500, "internal server error"}, {"", 200, `"token":"ok"`}} {
+			method := "POST"
+			if path == "/raw" {
+				method = "GET"
+			}
+			w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+			r := httptest.NewRequest(method, path, nil)
+			r.Header.Set("X-Fixture", test.kind)
+			app.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+			if w.Code != test.status || !strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), test.want) || strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), "private") {
+				t.Fatal(path, test.kind, w.Code, w.Body.String())
+			}
+			if test.kind == "username" || test.kind == "password" {
+				if !strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), `"code":400002`) || !strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), `"ok":false`) {
+					t.Fatal(w.Body.String())
+				}
+			}
+			if path == "/raw" && test.kind == "" && strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), "code") {
+				t.Fatal("raw success wrapped")
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
--- a/cmd/go-omni/apigen/testdata/errorParams/consumer_test.go
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/apigen/testdata/errorParams/consumer_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+package consumer_test
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+
+	"example.com/errorCatalog/internal/apierrors"
+	"example.com/errorCatalog/internal/handler"
+	"example.com/errorCatalog/internal/servicecontext"
+	omni "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
+	omnierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/httpx"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx"
+)
+
+func TestGeneratedTemplateErrors(t *testing.T) {
+	var document map[string]any
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(handler.OpenAPIDocument), &document); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	operation := document["paths"].(map[string]any)["/token"].(map[string]any)["post"].(map[string]any)
+	media := operation["responses"].(map[string]any)["200"].(map[string]any)["content"].(map[string]any)["application/json"].(map[string]any)
+	example := media["examples"].(map[string]any)["TextTooLong"].(map[string]any)["value"].(map[string]any)
+	if example["msg"] != "企业名称不能超过100个字符" || example["code"] != float64(400002) {
+		t.Fatal(example)
+	}
+	if len(media["schema"].(map[string]any)["anyOf"].([]any)) != 2 {
+		t.Fatal("missing success/failure schema")
+	}
+	found := false
+	for _, raw := range document["x-omni-errors"].([]any) {
+		entry := raw.(map[string]any)
+		if entry["name"] == "TextTooLong" {
+			found = true
+			params := entry["params"].([]any)
+			if len(params) != 2 || params[0].(map[string]any)["type"] != "string" || params[1].(map[string]any)["type"] != "int" {
+				t.Fatal(params)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if !found {
+		t.Fatal("missing template metadata")
+	}
+	// Assigning to a typed function also verifies declaration order and Go types.
+	var typed func(string, int) *omnierrors.APIError = apierrors.TextTooLong
+	private := errors.New("private cause")
+	first := typed("企业名称", 100).WithCause(private)
+	second := typed("备注", 500)
+	if first.Message != "企业名称不能超过100个字符" || second.Message != "备注不能超过500个字符" || second.Cause != nil || !errors.Is(first, private) {
+		t.Fatal(first, second)
+	}
+	if apierrors.UsernameInvalid().Message != "用户名格式不正确" {
+		t.Fatal("fixed compatibility")
+	}
+	cat := apierrors.Catalog()
+	cat.Definitions["TEXT_TOO_LONG"].Params[0].Type = "bool"
+	if typed("企业名称", 100).Message != first.Message {
+		t.Fatal("mutable catalog")
+	}
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	for n := 0; n < 40; n++ {
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func(n int) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			if n%2 == 0 {
+				if typed("企业名称", 100).Message != first.Message {
+					t.Error("isolation")
+				}
+			} else {
+				if typed("备注", 500).Message != second.Message {
+					t.Error("isolation")
+				}
+			}
+		}(n)
+	}
+	wg.Wait()
+	cfg := logx.Default()
+	cfg.Writer = io.Discard
+	logger, err := logx.New(cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer logger.Close()
+	deps, err := servicecontext.New(context.Background(), logger)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer deps.Close()
+	app := omni.New()
+	defer app.Close()
+	app.Use(func(next httpx.Handler) httpx.Handler {
+		return func(c *httpx.Context) error {
+			switch c.Header("X-Fixture") {
+			case "company":
+				return typed("企业名称", 100).WithCause(private)
+			case "remark":
+				return omnierrors.ByCode("TEXT_TOO_LONG").WithParams(map[string]any{"label": "备注", "max": 500})
+			case "missing":
+				return omnierrors.ByCode("TEXT_TOO_LONG").WithParams(map[string]any{"label": "企业名称"})
+			case "type":
+				return omnierrors.ByCode("TEXT_TOO_LONG").WithParams(map[string]any{"label": "企业名称", "max": "100"})
+			case "fixed":
+				return apierrors.UsernameInvalid()
+			case "denied":
+				return apierrors.ResourceDenied("资源")
+			default:
+				return c.OK(map[string]string{"token": "ok"})
+			}
+		}
+	})
+	if err := handler.RegisterRoutes(app, deps); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for _, path := range []string{"/token", "/raw"} {
+		for _, test := range []struct {
+			kind   string
+			status int
+			want   string
+		}{
+			{"company", 200, first.Message}, {"remark", 200, second.Message}, {"missing", 500, "internal server error"}, {"type", 500, "internal server error"}, {"fixed", 200, "用户名格式不正确"}, {"denied", 403, "资源不可用"}, {"", 200, `"token":"ok"`},
+		} {
+			method := "POST"
+			if path == "/raw" {
+				method = "GET"
+			}
+			w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+			r := httptest.NewRequest(method, path, nil)
+			r.Header.Set("X-Fixture", test.kind)
+			app.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+			if w.Code != test.status || !strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), test.want) || strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), "private") || strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), "{label}") {
+				t.Fatal(test.kind, w.Code, w.Body.String())
+			}
+			if test.kind == "company" || test.kind == "remark" {
+				if !strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), `"code":400002`) || !strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), `"data":null`) {
+					t.Fatal(w.Body.String())
+				}
+			}
+			if path == "/raw" && test.kind == "" && strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), "code") {
+				t.Fatal("raw response wrapped")
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
--- a/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/version.go
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/version.go
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ const frameworkModule = "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
 // Source builds can carry an unpublished VCS version (including +dirty).
 // Keep this fallback in sync with the next release; installed CLIs use their
 // downloaded module version, which also has a module checksum.
-const defaultFrameworkVersion = "v0.9.1-preview"
+const defaultFrameworkVersion = "v0.11.0-preview"

 // This target is not a claim that the release already exists. Source users
 // select a local framework checkout until the module templates are published.
--- a/config/config.go
+++ b/config/config.go
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"

+	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/httpx"
 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx"
 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/response"
@@ -25,18 +26,19 @@ type TLSConfig struct {

 // Config controls the default runtime behavior of an App.
 type Config struct {
-	Address              string           `json:"address"`
-	Transport            string           `json:"transport"`
-	TLS                  TLSConfig        `json:"tls"`
-	HTTP                 HTTPConfig       `json:"http"`
-	RequestIDHeader      string           `json:"requestIdHeader"`
-	EnableLogger         bool             `json:"enableLogger"`
-	SlowRequestThreshold time.Duration    `json:"slowRequestThreshold"`
-	TrustedProxies       []string         `json:"trustedProxies"`
-	ShutdownTimeout      time.Duration    `json:"shutdownTimeout"`
-	Log                  logx.Config      `json:"log"`
-	Response             response.Config  `json:"response"`
-	ResponseEncoder      response.Encoder `json:"-"`
+	Address              string            `json:"address"`
+	Transport            string            `json:"transport"`
+	TLS                  TLSConfig         `json:"tls"`
+	HTTP                 HTTPConfig        `json:"http"`
+	RequestIDHeader      string            `json:"requestIdHeader"`
+	EnableLogger         bool              `json:"enableLogger"`
+	SlowRequestThreshold time.Duration     `json:"slowRequestThreshold"`
+	TrustedProxies       []string          `json:"trustedProxies"`
+	ShutdownTimeout      time.Duration     `json:"shutdownTimeout"`
+	Log                  logx.Config       `json:"log"`
+	Errors               apierrors.Catalog `json:"errors"`
+	Response             response.Config   `json:"response"`
+	ResponseEncoder      response.Encoder  `json:"-"`
 }

 func Default() Config {
@@ -51,6 +53,18 @@ func Default() Config {

 // Validate checks configuration values before an application starts.
 func (c Config) Validate() error {
+	if err := c.Errors.Validate(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if c.ResponseEncoder == nil {
+		f, err := response.New(c.Response)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if err = f.ValidateErrors(c.Errors); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
 	if err := c.Response.Validate(); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -151,11 +165,13 @@ func WithTrustedProxies(proxies ...string) Option {
 // environment. Later options can still override individual fields.
 func WithConfig(settings Config) Option {
 	settings.Response = settings.Response.Clone()
+	settings.Errors = settings.Errors.Clone()
 	settings.TrustedProxies = append([]string(nil), settings.TrustedProxies...)
 	settings.Log.RedactKeys = append([]string(nil), settings.Log.RedactKeys...)
 	return func(cfg *Config) {
 		*cfg = settings
 		cfg.Response = settings.Response.Clone()
+		cfg.Errors = settings.Errors.Clone()
 		cfg.TrustedProxies = append([]string(nil), settings.TrustedProxies...)
 		cfg.Log.RedactKeys = append([]string(nil), settings.Log.RedactKeys...)
 	}
@@ -190,3 +206,9 @@ func WithShutdownTimeout(timeout time.Duration) Option {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+// WithErrors installs a project-owned, app-local catalog.
+func WithErrors(catalog apierrors.Catalog) Option {
+	catalog = catalog.Clone()
+	return func(cfg *Config) { cfg.Errors = catalog.Clone() }
+}
--- a/config/env.go
+++ b/config/env.go
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ func LoadFromEnv(prefix string) (Config, error) {
 // ApplyEnv overlays nonempty environment values on a caller's defaults or file
 // settings, then validates the result. Caller-owned slices are not retained.
 func ApplyEnv(defaults Config, prefix string) (Config, error) {
+	defaults.Errors = defaults.Errors.Clone()
 	defaults.TrustedProxies = append([]string(nil), defaults.TrustedProxies...)
 	defaults.Log.RedactKeys = append([]string(nil), defaults.Log.RedactKeys...)
 	return applyEnv(defaults, prefix)
--- a/config/errorCatalog_test.go
+++ b/config/errorCatalog_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+package config_test
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/config"
+	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx"
+)
+
+func TestCatalogConfigFiles(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, file := range []struct{ name, body string }{
+		{"server.json", `{"response":{"codeType":"int64","successCode":0,"errorCode":9999},"errors":{"defaultStatus":200,"definitions":{"LIMIT":{"code":9223372036854775807,"message":"limit"}}}}`},
+		{"server.yaml", "response:\n  codeType: int64\n  successCode: 0\n  errorCode: 9999\nerrors:\n  defaultStatus: 200\n  definitions:\n    LIMIT:\n      code: 9223372036854775807\n      message: limit\n"},
+	} {
+		t.Run(file.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			path := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), file.name)
+			if err := os.WriteFile(path, []byte(file.body), 0600); err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			cfg, err := config.LoadFile(path, "CATALOG_FIXTURE_")
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			e := apierrors.MustRegistry(cfg.Errors).Resolve(apierrors.ByCode("LIMIT"))
+			if e.Status != 200 || e.BusinessCode != int64(9223372036854775807) {
+				t.Fatal(e)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+	for _, body := range []string{
+		`{"errors":{"definitions":{"A":{"message":"a","code":1},"A":{"message":"b","code":2}}}}`,
+		`{"response":{"codeType":"int32","successCode":0,"errorCode":99},"errors":{"definitions":{"A":{"message":"a","code":2147483648}}}}`,
+		`{"errors":{"definitions":{"A":{"message":"a","code":"a","status":204}}}}`,
+	} {
+		path := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "bad.json")
+		if err := os.WriteFile(path, []byte(body), 0600); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if _, err := config.LoadFile(path, "CATALOG_FIXTURE_"); err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("accepted invalid catalog", body)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCatalogReloadSnapshotIsolation(t *testing.T) {
+	path := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "config.json")
+	original := `{"errors":{"defaultStatus":200,"definitions":{"invalid":{"code":"invalid","message":"original"}}}}`
+	if err := os.WriteFile(path, []byte(original), 0600); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	logger, err := logx.New(logx.Default())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer logger.Close()
+	reloader, err := config.NewReloader(path, "CATALOG_RELOAD_", logger)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	snapshot := reloader.Snapshot()
+	snapshot.Errors.Definitions["invalid"] = apierrors.Definition{Message: "changed"}
+	if reloader.Snapshot().Errors.Definitions["invalid"].Message != "original" {
+		t.Fatal("snapshot changed live catalog")
+	}
+	if err := os.WriteFile(path, []byte(strings.Replace(original, "original", "new message", 1)), 0600); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := reloader.Reload(); err == nil || reloader.Snapshot().Errors.Definitions["invalid"].Message != "original" {
+		t.Fatal("catalog changed without restart", err)
+	}
+}
--- a/config/errorParams_test.go
+++ b/config/errorParams_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package config_test
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/config"
+	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
+)
+
+func TestTemplateConfigFiles(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, file := range []struct{ name, body string }{
+		{"config.json", `{"errors":{"defaultStatus":200,"definitions":{"LIMIT":{"code":"limit","message":"{label}:{max}","params":[{"name":"label","type":"string","example":"字段"},{"name":"max","type":"int64","example":9223372036854775807}]}}}}`},
+		{"config.yaml", "errors:\n  defaultStatus: 200\n  definitions:\n    LIMIT:\n      code: limit\n      message: '{label}:{max}'\n      params:\n        - name: label\n          type: string\n          example: 字段\n        - name: max\n          type: int64\n          example: 9223372036854775807\n"},
+	} {
+		t.Run(file.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			path := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), file.name)
+			if err := os.WriteFile(path, []byte(file.body), 0600); err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			cfg, err := config.LoadFile(path, "TEMPLATE_TEST_")
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			r := apierrors.MustRegistry(cfg.Errors)
+			if r.Example("LIMIT").Message != "字段:9223372036854775807" {
+				t.Fatal(r.Example("LIMIT"))
+			}
+			cfg.Errors.Definitions["LIMIT"].Params[0].Name = "mutated"
+			var supplied map[string]any
+			if err := apierrors.DecodeCatalogJSON([]byte(`{"label":"字段","max":9223372036854775807}`), &supplied); err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			if _, ok := supplied["max"].(json.Number); !ok {
+				t.Fatal("number precision lost")
+			}
+			if r.Resolve(apierrors.ByCode("LIMIT").WithParams(supplied)).Message != "字段:9223372036854775807" {
+				t.Fatal("parameter decode or snapshot failure")
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
--- a/config/file.go
+++ b/config/file.go
@@ -5,8 +5,6 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
-	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx"
-	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 	"io"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
@@ -14,6 +12,10 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
+
+	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx"
+	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )

 // DecodeFile merges a bounded JSON/YAML document into defaults. It uses JSON
@@ -45,15 +47,9 @@ func DecodeFile[T any](path string, defaults T) (T, error) {
 			return zero, errors.New("config: one YAML document required")
 		}
 	case ".json":
-		dec := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(data))
-		dec.UseNumber()
-		if err := dec.Decode(&value); err != nil {
+		if err := apierrors.DecodeCatalogJSON(data, &value); err != nil {
 			return zero, err
 		}
-		var extra any
-		if err := dec.Decode(&extra); err != io.EOF {
-			return zero, errors.New("config: one JSON document required")
-		}
 	default:
 		return zero, errors.New("config: expected .json, .yaml or .yml")
 	}
@@ -182,6 +178,7 @@ func (r *Reloader) Snapshot() Config {
 	defer r.mu.Unlock()
 	cfg := r.current
 	cfg.Response = r.current.Response.Clone()
+	cfg.Errors = r.current.Errors.Clone()
 	cfg.TrustedProxies = append([]string(nil), cfg.TrustedProxies...)
 	cfg.Log.RedactKeys = append([]string(nil), cfg.Log.RedactKeys...)
 	return cfg
--- a/errors/README.md
+++ b/errors/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+# 统一错误目录
+
+从 `v0.10.0-preview` 起，业务可以只返回逻辑错误标识，框架从项目目录取得 HTTP 状态、对外业务码与公开提示。目录不依赖具体业务、数据库、身份模型或网络层，也不定义固定返回体。
+
+## 基本规则
+
+- `key` / `Definitions` 的 map key 是唯一逻辑标识，例如 `USERNAME_INVALID`、`user.notFound`。API 新目录允许项目自己的标识命名；旧 `error (...)` 声明保持原有大写标识规则。
+- `code` 是对外业务码，支持字符串、整数，同一个码可以由多个不同标识使用。JSON/YAML 和 `.api` 读取整数时保留 int64 精度。
+- `DefaultStatus` / `defaultStatus` 只为目录中未写状态的条目提供默认值，省略时为 400。项目可设为 200；单项 `Status` / `status` 优先。
+- 目录条目允许有响应体的最终 HTTP 状态：200..599，排除 204、205、304。成功输出与错误输出分开；HTTP 200 并不把错误变成成功。
+- 数字码类型与范围遵守选中响应的 `codeType`（string/int32/int64；integer 是旧别名）。不同路由可以选择不同类型的公共响应与目录。
+- 新目录声明完整公开提示；每条错误的业务码和提示优先于统一 `errorCode` / `errorMessage` 兜底。旧的同标识 `codes` / `messages` 若与目录冲突，初始化或契约编译报错；相同值允许保留，便于逐步迁移。
+
+## 手写项目
+
+```go
+import (
+    omni "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
+    omnierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
+    "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/response"
+)
+
+catalog := omnierrors.Catalog{
+    DefaultStatus: 200,
+    Definitions: map[string]omnierrors.Definition{
+        "USERNAME_INVALID": {Code: 400002, Message: "用户名格式不正确"},
+        "PASSWORD_INVALID": {Code: 400002, Message: "密码格式不正确"},
+        "FORBIDDEN": {Status: 403, Code: 403001, Message: "没有权限"},
+    },
+}
+app := omni.New(
+    omni.WithErrors(catalog),
+    omni.WithResponse(response.Config{
+        CodeType: "int32", SuccessCode: 0, ErrorCode: 9999,
+        MessageField: "msg", DataMode: "always",
+    }),
+)
+```
+
+Service 返回 `omnierrors.ByCode("USERNAME_INVALID")`，或 `.WithCause(err)`。业务无需接收 App/HTTP Context。目录属于 App，初始化时校验并复制；后续修改原 map 不影响正在服务的应用。配置快照也不暴露内部 map。
+
+`NewRegistry(catalog)` / `MustRegistry(catalog)` 可在 CLI/任务消费者等非 HTTP 入口使用；`registry.Resolve(err)` 返回独立的 `*APIError`，包含逻辑 `Code`、对外 `BusinessCode`、Status、Message 与内部 Cause。每次调用都创建新对象；不要自行将一个可变错误对象保存为共享单例再调用 WithCause。
+
+原有 `New(status, key, message)` 等明确错误也能被同标识目录条目覆盖；未在目录中的明确错误沿用原状态与提示。未配置目录时，原有行为保持。Go 目录允许 `Definition.Code == nil` 以继续使用旧 Codes/errorCode 映射；新 `.api errorCatalog` 要求显式 code。
+
+## 文件配置
+
+下面是生成项目的 `etc/config.yaml` 结构；直接 `config.LoadFile` 加载框架配置时去掉外面的 `server`。手写 main 需显式将加载结果传入 `WithConfig`。
+
+```yaml
+server:
+  errors:
+    defaultStatus: 200
+    definitions:
+      USERNAME_INVALID:
+        code: 400002
+        message: 用户名格式不正确
+      FORBIDDEN:
+        status: 403
+        code: 403001
+        message: 没有权限
+  response:
+    codeType: int32
+    successCode: 0
+    errorCode: 9999
+    messageField: msg
+    dataMode: always
+```
+
+重复 JSON/YAML key、未知字段、非法状态、非整数数值及类型/范围错误会拒绝加载。目录不支持运行时热更新；修改后重新启动，避免请求与文档在运行期间漂移。
+
+## .api：定义一次，生成调用与文档
+
+完整示例见 [errors.api](../examples/contracts/errors.api)。语法：
+
+```text
+errorCatalog CommonErrors (
+    defaultStatus: 200
+    errors: {
+        "UsernameInvalid": {"key": "USERNAME_INVALID", "code": 400002, "message": "用户名格式不正确"},
+        "PasswordInvalid": {"key": "PASSWORD_INVALID", "code": 400002, "message": "密码格式不正确"}
+    }
+)
+```
+
+目录可放进公共 `.api` 再 import；也可以拆成多个命名目录，各自设置默认状态。生成器合并定义时检查目录名、函数名、逻辑标识冲突。`Catalog` 是生成包的保留函数名。目录对象的键是生成的 UpperCamelCase 函数名，条目的 `key` 是运行时逻辑标识，二者用途不同。
+
+在 `@server` 的 `errors` 或路由 `@errors` 中引用函数名，响应仍通过原有 `response` 声明选择：
+
+```text
+@server (
+    response: CommonResponse
+    errors: UsernameInvalid, PasswordInvalid
+)
+service account-api {
+    @handler token
+    post /token returns (TokenResponse)
+}
+```
+
+生成结果包括：
+
+- `apierrors.UsernameInvalid()` 等无参数函数，每次返回独立错误，支持 WithCause。
+- `apierrors.CodeUsernameInvalid` 等逻辑标识常量。
+- `apierrors.Catalog()`：整个契约的可复制运行时目录，方便手写路由复用。
+- 自动绑定到生成路由的目录：只包含该路由通过 `@errors` / `@server errors` 声明的错误，在 App 全局中间件之前生效，支持认证提前返回和缓冲克隆。
+- OpenAPI 的错误响应与示例。同一 HTTP 200 下用 `anyOf` 同时描述成功 DTO 和错误体；多个错误共用数字码时保持多个示例；raw 成功体与失败公共体也分开描述。
+
+业务直接 `return TokenResponse{}, apierrors.UsernameInvalid()`。也可以返回 `omnierrors.ByCode(apierrors.CodeUsernameInvalid)`；使用标识引用时，当前 App/路由目录必须包含该错误。不要把“函数已生成”视作“所有路由都已声明这个错误”：新增实际错误后仍应补相应 `@errors`，保持文档准确。
+
+生成路由的目录和响应由 `.api` 管理；YAML 或 App 默认策略不覆盖它。手写路由可在 main 用 `omni.WithErrors(apierrors.Catalog())` 并选择兼容的 `WithResponse`。新项目和重复生成都会自动绑定路由目录，无需手动修改 main；已有手写文件保持不动。
+
+## 提示模板参数（v0.11.0-preview）
+
+模板属于错误目录，业务只传具体值。参数用**有序列表**声明，顺序就是生成函数的参数顺序；每个参数均为必传，`example` 只用于文档。
+
+```text
+errorCatalog CommonErrors (
+    defaultStatus: 200
+    errors: {
+        "TextTooLong": {
+            "key": "TEXT_TOO_LONG",
+            "code": 400002,
+            "message": "{label}不能超过{max}个字符",
+            "params": [
+                {"name": "label", "type": "string", "example": "企业名称"},
+                {"name": "max", "type": "int", "example": 100}
+            ]
+        }
+    }
+)
+```
+
+与数字码匹配的公共响应及路由声明见完整 [errorParams.api](../examples/contracts/errorParams.api)。生成后：
+
+```go
+apierrors.TextTooLong("企业名称", 100) // Message：企业名称不能超过100个字符
+apierrors.TextTooLong("备注", 500)    // Message：备注不能超过500个字符
+apierrors.UsernameInvalid()         // 原有固定错误保持无参数
+```
+
+生成函数在返回前完成解析，非 HTTP Service、任务或 CLI 同样能直接读取完整 Message。调用 `.WithCause(err)` 保留内部原因及 `errors.Is/As` 错误链，不自动把原因加入提示。每次返回新对象，不能把可变错误保存成共享单例。
+
+运行时入口使用同一个解析器：
+
+```go
+err := omnierrors.ByCode("TEXT_TOO_LONG").WithParams(map[string]any{
+    "label": "企业名称",
+    "max":   100,
+})
+// HTTP：将 err 返回，当前 App/路由目录负责解析。
+// 非 HTTP：使用项目自己的目录显式解析。
+registry := omnierrors.MustRegistry(apierrors.Catalog())
+resolved := registry.Resolve(err)
+fmt.Println(resolved.Message) // 企业名称不能超过100个字符
+```
+
+Go 配置中的 `Definition.Params` 是 `[]omnierrors.Parameter`，JSON/YAML 使用相同的 `params` 数组。目录在初始化时复制并编译模板；`WithParams` 返回新错误并复制参数，之后修改原 map 不会改变该错误。重复解析、路由策略和 Context 缓冲克隆保留参数。
+
+规则如下：
+
+- 参数名使用 lowerCamelCase，并且不是 Go 关键字。顺序是调用 API 的一部分，重排或变更类型需要同步调整调用方。
+- 支持 `string`、`bool`、`int`、`int32`、`int64`、`float64`。运行时允许整数类型之间按声明范围归一化，拒绝将字符串或浮点数隐式转成整数；float64 要求有限数值。`int` 范围随 Go 目标平台变化，需要固定位宽时选 int32/int64。
+- 只接受标量，不接受 nil、切片、map、指针、任意对象或 Stringer。通过 JSON 构建运行时参数时使用 `Decoder.UseNumber()`，避免丢失大整数精度。
+- 模板使用 `{name}`；同一参数可重复出现。`{{` / `}}` 表示字面花括号。插入值不会再次解析，即使 label 本身包含 `{max}`，也只是普通文本。
+- **省略 params** 表示旧固定提示，字面花括号不变。不接受空 params 数组；重复参数、未声明占位符、未使用参数、不匹配的花括号、非法类型及错误的 example 会在目录加载/契约校验时失败。
+- 运行时缺参、多传参数、类型或范围错误转为系统错误兜底；不会将原始模板或参数值作为诊断发给客户端。内部 cause 中可通过 `errors.As` 获取 `*omnierrors.ParamError`，访问日志带 `errorParameter` 诊断，不自动记录参数值。
+- 项目可以配置固定的 INTERNAL_ERROR 兜底；若它自身也需要参数且无法解析，则回退框架固定 500，避免递归失败。
+- 模板错误的提示只放目录中；同标识再配置旧 `messages` 会被拒绝。响应字段、HTTP 状态、`data:null` 仍由项目策略决定，例如 `dataMode: always` 保留空 data。
+
+OpenAPI 的 `x-omni-errors` 保留模板和有序参数定义，响应 examples 使用同一个解析器生成具体文案。未提供 example 时使用稳定样例（string 使用参数名，bool 使用 false，数值使用 1）；这些样例不充当运行时默认值，也不是新增 HTTP 请求参数。
+
+幂等重放保存当次**已解析的公开错误快照**，保留原响应与失败信息。目录更新后，仍在有效期内的重放不会被新文案覆盖；快照不持久化原始参数或内部 cause。整数业务码以不受 JSON 中间层浮点转换影响的方式保存。旧缓存仅保留已有错误标识，不能补推当时缺失的提示与业务码。共享存储的错误快照另受 MaxResponseBytes 限额约束，超限保留不可重放记录，避免重复执行业务。
+
+## 特殊协议与失败信息
+
+`response.WithErrors(catalog, encoder)` / `MustWithErrors` 可绑定路由专用策略，再通过 `HandleWithResponse` 注册。内置模板校验目录码类型与旧映射；自定义 Encoder 自行决定最终 HTTP 状态、媒体类型和字段结构，可将失败转换成第三方要求的文本/XML 回执。一个 Encoder 作用域不叠加不同目录；外层空目录或相同目录不会覆盖已有目录。
+
+Encoder 的 `response.Result` 包含逻辑 `Code`、对外 `BusinessCode`、公开 `Message`、原始 `Err` 及 `Failed`。使用 `result.IsError()` 判断失败，不要仅判断 `Status >= 400`。`RawJSON` 仅让成功结果保持未包装，HTTP 200 的失败仍使用选定错误策略。`c.Text` / `c.XML` / `c.JSON` 等直接输出及已提交的标准 Handler 响应不会被目录重新包装。
+
+启用访问日志时，记录最终写出的 HTTP 状态，并保留 `failed`、`errorKey` 和可用的 `businessCode`。内置指标将已处理的业务失败计入 Errors；链路记录保留 HTTP 200 和业务失败标记。标准中间件桥接和本地/共享幂等重放保留失败标识；已有缓存条目没有新增元数据时无法追溯识别业务失败，等待正常过期即可。
+
+未知的 ByCode 标识、普通 error、panic 默认走 `INTERNAL_ERROR`，公开兜底不暴露 cause。项目可显式配置 INTERNAL_ERROR 条目，但目录 DefaultStatus 本身不会改变系统兜底。启用访问日志后，可通过原始 error 追查未知标识和内部原因。
+
+## 升级
+
+```sh
+go get git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni@v0.11.0-preview
+go install git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/cmd/go-omni@v0.11.0-preview
+go-omni api generate --dry-run
+go-omni api generate
+go test ./...
+```
+
+先升级框架依赖，再用同版 CLI 生成；新生成代码最低依赖 v0.11.0-preview。原来的错误构造函数、旧 `error (...)`、Codes/Messages 与已生成代码可继续运行。把业务中散落的状态/提示逐步替换为生成函数属于项目迁移工作，框架不会自动改写业务逻辑。
--- a/errors/catalog.go
+++ b/errors/catalog.go
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
+package apierrors
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	stdErrors "errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"math"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// Definition belongs to the project. Code is the public string/integer code;
+// the Catalog map key is the distinct logical identifier used by ByCode.
+// Nil Code retains legacy response code mapping (useful when migrating).
+type Definition struct {
+	Status  int         `json:"status,omitempty"`
+	Code    any         `json:"code,omitempty"`
+	Message string      `json:"message"`
+	Params  []Parameter `json:"params,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type Catalog struct {
+	DefaultStatus int                   `json:"defaultStatus,omitempty"`
+	Definitions   map[string]Definition `json:"definitions"`
+}
+
+// UnmarshalJSON preserves int64 precision and rejects ambiguous duplicate keys.
+func (c *Catalog) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	type plain Catalog
+	value := plain(c.Clone())
+	if err := DecodeCatalogJSON(data, &value); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	*c = Catalog(value)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// DecodeCatalogJSON strictly decodes catalog metadata without float conversion.
+// It is also used by the API compiler so runtime and contracts agree.
+func DecodeCatalogJSON(data []byte, dst any) error {
+	scan := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(data))
+	scan.UseNumber()
+	var read func() error
+	read = func() error {
+		token, err := scan.Token()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if d, ok := token.(json.Delim); ok {
+			switch d {
+			case '{':
+				seen := map[string]bool{}
+				for scan.More() {
+					k, err := scan.Token()
+					if err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+					key, ok := k.(string)
+					if !ok {
+						return fmt.Errorf("errors: object key required")
+					}
+					if seen[key] {
+						return fmt.Errorf("errors: duplicate key %q", key)
+					}
+					seen[key] = true
+					if err := read(); err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+				}
+			case '[':
+				for scan.More() {
+					if err := read(); err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+				}
+			default:
+				return fmt.Errorf("errors: invalid JSON delimiter")
+			}
+			_, err = scan.Token()
+			return err
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+	if err := read(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if _, err := scan.Token(); err != io.EOF {
+		return fmt.Errorf("errors: one JSON value required")
+	}
+	dec := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(data))
+	dec.UseNumber()
+	dec.DisallowUnknownFields()
+	return dec.Decode(dst)
+}
+
+func (c Catalog) Clone() Catalog {
+	out := c
+	out.Definitions = make(map[string]Definition, len(c.Definitions))
+	for key, d := range c.Definitions {
+		if d.Params != nil {
+			params := make([]Parameter, len(d.Params))
+			copy(params, d.Params)
+			d.Params = params
+		}
+		out.Definitions[key] = d
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// Registry is immutable after construction and may be shared across requests.
+// It has no process-global state. Every Resolve call returns a fresh error.
+type Registry struct {
+	catalog  Catalog
+	messages map[string][]messagePart
+}
+
+func NewRegistry(c Catalog) (*Registry, error) {
+	c = c.Clone()
+	if c.DefaultStatus == 0 {
+		c.DefaultStatus = 400
+	}
+	if !ValidErrorStatus(c.DefaultStatus) {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("errors: invalid defaultStatus %d", c.DefaultStatus)
+	}
+	messages := map[string][]messagePart{}
+	for key, d := range c.Definitions {
+		if strings.TrimSpace(key) == "" || strings.TrimSpace(key) != key || strings.ContainsAny(key, "\r\n\t") {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("errors: invalid logical identifier %q", key)
+		}
+		if d.Status == 0 {
+			d.Status = c.DefaultStatus
+		}
+		if !ValidErrorStatus(d.Status) {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("errors: %s has invalid status %d", key, d.Status)
+		}
+		if strings.TrimSpace(d.Message) == "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("errors: %s requires a public message", key)
+		}
+		if d.Code != nil {
+			code, err := normalizeCatalogCode(d.Code)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("errors: %s code: %w", key, err)
+			}
+			d.Code = code
+		}
+		parts, err := compileMessage(&d)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("errors: %s: %w", key, err)
+		}
+		messages[key] = parts
+		c.Definitions[key] = d
+	}
+	return &Registry{catalog: c, messages: messages}, nil
+}
+
+// ValidErrorStatus permits final responses with a JSON body, including HTTP 200.
+func ValidErrorStatus(status int) bool {
+	return status >= 200 && status <= 599 && status != 204 && status != 205 && status != 304
+}
+
+func MustRegistry(c Catalog) *Registry {
+	r, err := NewRegistry(c)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	return r
+}
+func (c Catalog) Validate() error { _, err := NewRegistry(c); return err }
+func (r *Registry) Catalog() Catalog {
+	if r == nil {
+		return Catalog{}
+	}
+	return r.catalog.Clone()
+}
+
+// ByCode identifies an error without coupling business code to its HTTP policy.
+// Resolution occurs in the application's/request's registry. An unknown reference
+// becomes an internal error; its identifier and cause stay available to logs.
+func ByCode(key string) *APIError { return &APIError{Code: key, reference: true} }
+
+func (r *Registry) Resolve(err error) *APIError {
+	if err == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var source *APIError
+	if !stdErrors.As(err, &source) || source == nil {
+		return r.internal(err)
+	}
+	if source.paramErr != nil {
+		return r.internal(stdErrors.Join(source.paramErr, err))
+	}
+	if r != nil {
+		if d, ok := r.catalog.Definitions[source.Code]; ok {
+			message, paramErr := r.render(source.Code, d, source.params)
+			if paramErr != nil {
+				return r.internal(stdErrors.Join(paramErr, err))
+			}
+			out := source.Clone()
+			out.Status, out.Code, out.Message, out.BusinessCode = d.Status, source.Code, message, d.Code
+			out.reference = false
+			return out
+		}
+	}
+	if source.reference {
+		return r.internal(err)
+	}
+	return source.Clone()
+}
+
+// Internal fallback is deliberately bounded: a misconfigured parameterized
+// INTERNAL_ERROR cannot recursively fail while reporting a rendering problem.
+func (r *Registry) internal(cause error) *APIError {
+	out := Internal(cause)
+	if r != nil {
+		if d, ok := r.catalog.Definitions[out.Code]; ok {
+			if message, err := r.render(out.Code, d, nil); err == nil {
+				out.Status, out.Message, out.BusinessCode = d.Status, message, d.Code
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func normalizeCatalogCode(value any) (any, error) {
+	if v, ok := value.(string); ok {
+		if v == "" {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("must be nonempty")
+		}
+		return v, nil
+	}
+	if v, ok := value.(json.Number); ok {
+		n, err := v.Int64()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("must be an exact int64")
+		}
+		return n, nil
+	}
+	v := reflect.ValueOf(value)
+	switch v.Kind() {
+	case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
+		return v.Int(), nil
+	case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64:
+		if v.Uint() <= math.MaxInt64 {
+			return int64(v.Uint()), nil
+		}
+	}
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("must be a string or signed 64-bit integer")
+}
--- a/errors/catalog_test.go
+++ b/errors/catalog_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+package apierrors_test
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+
+	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
+)
+
+func TestCatalogIsolationDefaultsAndCauses(t *testing.T) {
+	catalog := apierrors.Catalog{DefaultStatus: 200, Definitions: map[string]apierrors.Definition{
+		"FIRST": {Code: 400002, Message: "first"}, "SECOND": {Code: 400002, Message: "second"}, "DENIED": {Status: 403, Code: "denied", Message: "denied"},
+	}}
+	r, err := apierrors.NewRegistry(catalog)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	catalog.Definitions["FIRST"] = apierrors.Definition{Message: "changed"}
+	r.Catalog().Definitions["FIRST"] = apierrors.Definition{Message: "also changed"}
+	cause := errors.New("private secret")
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	for i := 0; i < 40; i++ {
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func() {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			ref := apierrors.ByCode("FIRST").WithCause(cause)
+			e := r.Resolve(fmt.Errorf("wrapped: %w", ref))
+			if e.Status != 200 || e.BusinessCode != int64(400002) || e.Message != "first" || !errors.Is(e, cause) {
+				t.Error(e)
+			}
+			e.WithCause(errors.New("different"))
+			if ref.Cause != cause || r.Resolve(apierrors.ByCode("FIRST")).Cause != nil {
+				t.Error("shared state")
+			}
+		}()
+	}
+	wg.Wait()
+	if got := r.Resolve(apierrors.ByCode("SECOND")); got.Message != "second" || got.BusinessCode != int64(400002) {
+		t.Fatal(got)
+	}
+	if got := r.Resolve(apierrors.ByCode("DENIED")); got.Status != 403 || got.BusinessCode != "denied" {
+		t.Fatal(got)
+	}
+	other := apierrors.MustRegistry(apierrors.Catalog{Definitions: map[string]apierrors.Definition{"FIRST": {Status: 409, Code: 9, Message: "other"}}})
+	if got := other.Resolve(apierrors.ByCode("FIRST")); got.Status != 409 || got.Message != "other" {
+		t.Fatal(got)
+	}
+	if got := r.Resolve(apierrors.ByCode("MISSING").WithCause(cause)); got.Status != 500 || got.Code != "INTERNAL_ERROR" || got.Message == cause.Error() || !errors.Is(got, cause) {
+		t.Fatal(got)
+	}
+	if got := apierrors.From(apierrors.ByCode("MISSING")); got.Status != 500 {
+		t.Fatal(got)
+	}
+	legacy := apierrors.New(422, "OLD", "legacy")
+	if got := r.Resolve(legacy); got == legacy || got.Status != 422 || got.Message != "legacy" {
+		t.Fatal(got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCatalogStrictJSONAndValues(t *testing.T) {
+	raw := `{"defaultStatus":200,"definitions":{"LARGE":{"code":9223372036854775807,"message":"large"}}}`
+	var c apierrors.Catalog
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &c); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	e := apierrors.MustRegistry(c).Resolve(apierrors.ByCode("LARGE"))
+	if e.BusinessCode != int64(math.MaxInt64) {
+		t.Fatal(e.BusinessCode)
+	}
+	for _, raw := range []string{
+		`{"definitions":{"A":{"code":1,"message":"a"},"A":{"code":2,"message":"b"}}}`,
+		`{"definitions":{"A":{"code":1,"code":2,"message":"a"}}}`,
+		`{"definitions":{"A":{"code":1,"message":"a","typo":true}}}`,
+		`{"defaultStatus":204,"definitions":{}}`,
+		`{"definitions":{"A":{"code":1.5,"message":"a"}}}`,
+		`{"definitions":{"A":{"code":9223372036854775808,"message":"a"}}}`,
+	} {
+		var invalid apierrors.Catalog
+		err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &invalid)
+		if err == nil {
+			err = invalid.Validate()
+		}
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Errorf("accepted %s", raw)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, status := range []int{0, 99, 199, 204, 205, 304, 600} {
+		c := apierrors.Catalog{Definitions: map[string]apierrors.Definition{"A": {Status: status, Code: "a", Message: "a"}}}
+		if status == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		if c.Validate() == nil {
+			t.Fatal(status)
+		}
+	}
+}
--- a/errors/errors.go
+++ b/errors/errors.go
@@ -6,12 +6,17 @@ import (
 )

 // APIError is the public error shape used by handlers and middleware.
-// Cause is retained for logging and unwrapping, but is never serialized.
+// Cause is retained for logging and unwrapping; default response encoders and
+// replay snapshots never serialize it.
 type APIError struct {
-	Status  int
-	Code    string
-	Message string
-	Cause   error
+	Status       int
+	Code         string
+	Message      string
+	Cause        error
+	BusinessCode any // Optional public code resolved from a project catalog.
+	reference    bool
+	params       map[string]any
+	paramErr     error
 }

 func (e *APIError) Error() string {
@@ -68,6 +73,9 @@ func From(err error) *APIError {
 	}
 	var apiErr *APIError
 	if stdErrors.As(err, &apiErr) && apiErr != nil {
+		if apiErr.reference {
+			return Internal(err)
+		}
 		return apiErr
 	}
 	return Internal(err)
--- a/errors/params.go
+++ b/errors/params.go
@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+package apierrors
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"go/token"
+	"math"
+	"reflect"
+	"regexp"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// Parameter is ordered: declaration order is the generated function's argument
+// order. Example is documentation-only and never substitutes a missing value.
+type Parameter struct {
+	Name    string `json:"name"`
+	Type    string `json:"type"`
+	Example any    `json:"example,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type messagePart struct{ text, param string }
+
+var parameterName = regexp.MustCompile(`^[a-z][a-zA-Z0-9]*$`)
+
+// ParamError describes a programming/configuration error without including the
+// supplied value. It remains available through errors.As on the internal cause.
+type ParamError struct{ Code, Param, Problem string }
+
+func (e *ParamError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("errors: %s parameter %q: %s", e.Code, e.Param, e.Problem)
+}
+
+// WithParams returns a detached error. It never retains the caller's map or any
+// mutable parameter value. Catalog-specific validation happens during Resolve.
+func (e *APIError) WithParams(values map[string]any) *APIError {
+	out := e.Clone()
+	out.params = make(map[string]any, len(values))
+	out.paramErr = nil
+	for name, value := range values {
+		scalar, err := copyScalar(value)
+		if err != nil {
+			out.paramErr = &ParamError{Code: out.Code, Param: name, Problem: "expected a scalar value"}
+			continue
+		}
+		out.params[name] = scalar
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// Clone detaches request-specific parameters; Cause remains an error chain.
+func (e *APIError) Clone() *APIError {
+	if e == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	out := *e
+	out.params = make(map[string]any, len(e.params))
+	for k, v := range e.params {
+		out.params[k] = v
+	}
+	return &out
+}
+
+func copyScalar(v any) (any, error) {
+	if n, ok := v.(json.Number); ok {
+		return n, nil
+	}
+	if v == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("nil scalar")
+	}
+	r := reflect.ValueOf(v)
+	switch r.Kind() {
+	case reflect.String:
+		return r.String(), nil
+	case reflect.Bool:
+		return r.Bool(), nil
+	case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
+		return r.Int(), nil
+	case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64:
+		return r.Uint(), nil
+	case reflect.Float32, reflect.Float64:
+		return r.Float(), nil
+	}
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported scalar")
+}
+func paramValue(kind string, v any) (any, error) {
+	value, err := copyScalar(v)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	switch kind {
+	case "string":
+		if s, ok := value.(string); ok {
+			return s, nil
+		}
+	case "bool":
+		if b, ok := value.(bool); ok {
+			return b, nil
+		}
+	case "int", "int32", "int64":
+		var n int64
+		switch x := value.(type) {
+		case int64:
+			n = x
+		case uint64:
+			if x > math.MaxInt64 {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("integer overflow")
+			}
+			n = int64(x)
+		case json.Number:
+			n, err = x.Int64()
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("expected exact integer")
+			}
+		default:
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("expected %s", kind)
+		}
+		if (kind == "int32" || kind == "int" && strconv.IntSize == 32) && (n < math.MinInt32 || n > math.MaxInt32) {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("%s overflow", kind)
+		}
+		return n, nil
+	case "float64":
+		var n float64
+		switch x := value.(type) {
+		case float64:
+			n = x
+		case json.Number:
+			n, err = x.Float64()
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("expected finite float64")
+			}
+		default:
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("expected float64")
+		}
+		if math.IsNaN(n) || math.IsInf(n, 0) {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("expected finite float64")
+		}
+		return n, nil
+	}
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("expected %s", kind)
+}
+
+func compileMessage(d *Definition) ([]messagePart, error) {
+	if d.Params == nil {
+		return []messagePart{{text: d.Message}}, nil
+	}
+	if len(d.Params) == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("params must be nonempty; omit params for a fixed message")
+	}
+	declared := map[string]bool{}
+	for i, p := range d.Params {
+		if !parameterName.MatchString(p.Name) || token.Lookup(p.Name).IsKeyword() || declared[p.Name] {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid or duplicate parameter %q", p.Name)
+		}
+		switch p.Type {
+		case "string", "bool", "int", "int32", "int64", "float64":
+		default:
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported parameter type %q", p.Type)
+		}
+		declared[p.Name] = true
+		if p.Example != nil {
+			example, err := paramValue(p.Type, p.Example)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("example for %s: %w", p.Name, err)
+			}
+			d.Params[i].Example = example
+		}
+	}
+	var parts []messagePart
+	var literal strings.Builder
+	used := map[string]bool{}
+	flush := func() {
+		if literal.Len() > 0 {
+			parts = append(parts, messagePart{text: literal.String()})
+			literal.Reset()
+		}
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < len(d.Message); {
+		ch := d.Message[i]
+		if ch != '{' && ch != '}' {
+			literal.WriteByte(ch)
+			i++
+			continue
+		}
+		if i+1 < len(d.Message) && d.Message[i+1] == ch {
+			literal.WriteByte(ch)
+			i += 2
+			continue
+		}
+		if ch == '}' {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unescaped closing brace")
+		}
+		end := strings.IndexByte(d.Message[i+1:], '}')
+		if end < 0 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unclosed placeholder")
+		}
+		name := d.Message[i+1 : i+1+end]
+		if !declared[name] {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("undeclared placeholder %q", name)
+		}
+		flush()
+		parts = append(parts, messagePart{param: name})
+		used[name] = true
+		i += end + 2
+	}
+	flush()
+	for _, p := range d.Params {
+		if !used[p.Name] {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unused parameter %q", p.Name)
+		}
+	}
+	return parts, nil
+}
+
+func (r *Registry) render(key string, d Definition, params map[string]any) (string, error) {
+	values := make(map[string]any, len(d.Params))
+	for _, p := range d.Params {
+		v, ok := params[p.Name]
+		if !ok {
+			return "", &ParamError{key, p.Name, "missing value"}
+		}
+		normalized, err := paramValue(p.Type, v)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", &ParamError{key, p.Name, err.Error()}
+		}
+		values[p.Name] = normalized
+	}
+	for name := range params {
+		if _, ok := values[name]; !ok {
+			return "", &ParamError{key, name, "not declared"}
+		}
+	}
+	var result strings.Builder
+	for _, part := range r.messages[key] {
+		if part.param != "" {
+			fmt.Fprint(&result, values[part.param])
+		} else {
+			result.WriteString(part.text)
+		}
+	}
+	return result.String(), nil
+}
+
+// Example resolves documentation values using the same path as runtime errors.
+// Missing examples receive deterministic samples, never runtime defaults.
+func (r *Registry) Example(key string) *APIError {
+	if r == nil {
+		return r.Resolve(ByCode(key))
+	}
+	d, ok := r.catalog.Definitions[key]
+	if !ok {
+		return r.Resolve(ByCode(key))
+	}
+	values := map[string]any{}
+	for _, p := range d.Params {
+		v := p.Example
+		if v == nil {
+			switch p.Type {
+			case "string":
+				v = p.Name
+			case "bool":
+				v = false
+			case "float64":
+				v = float64(1)
+			default:
+				v = int64(1)
+			}
+		}
+		values[p.Name] = v
+	}
+	return r.Resolve(ByCode(key).WithParams(values))
+}
--- a/errors/params_test.go
+++ b/errors/params_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+package apierrors_test
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+
+	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
+)
+
+func templateCatalog() apierrors.Catalog {
+	return apierrors.Catalog{DefaultStatus: 200, Definitions: map[string]apierrors.Definition{
+		"TEXT_TOO_LONG": {Code: 400002, Message: "{label}不能超过{max}个字符", Params: []apierrors.Parameter{{Name: "label", Type: "string", Example: "企业名称"}, {Name: "max", Type: "int", Example: 100}}},
+		"FIXED":         {Code: 400003, Message: "literal {unchanged}"},
+	}}
+}
+func TestMessageParamsIsolationAndResolution(t *testing.T) {
+	catalog := templateCatalog()
+	r := apierrors.MustRegistry(catalog)
+	catalog.Definitions["TEXT_TOO_LONG"].Params[0].Type = "bool"
+	r.Catalog().Definitions["TEXT_TOO_LONG"].Params[0].Name = "changed"
+	private := errors.New("private cause")
+	values := map[string]any{"label": "企业名称", "max": 100}
+	reference := apierrors.ByCode("TEXT_TOO_LONG").WithParams(values).WithCause(private)
+	values["label"] = "changed"
+	first := r.Resolve(fmt.Errorf("wrapped: %w", reference))
+	for n := 0; n < 3; n++ {
+		first = r.Resolve(first)
+		if first.Message != "企业名称不能超过100个字符" || first.Status != 200 || first.BusinessCode != int64(400002) || !errors.Is(first, private) {
+			t.Fatal(first)
+		}
+	}
+	second := r.Resolve(first.WithParams(map[string]any{"label": "备注", "max": 500}))
+	if first.Message != "企业名称不能超过100个字符" || second.Message != "备注不能超过500个字符" {
+		t.Fatal(first, second)
+	}
+	if r.Example("TEXT_TOO_LONG").Message != first.Message {
+		t.Fatal("example and runtime differ")
+	}
+	if r.Resolve(apierrors.ByCode("FIXED")).Message != "literal {unchanged}" {
+		t.Fatal("legacy braces changed")
+	}
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	for n := 0; n < 80; n++ {
+		wg.Add(1)
+		go func(n int) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			label, max := "企业名称", 100
+			if n%2 == 1 {
+				label, max = "备注", 500
+			}
+			got := r.Resolve(apierrors.ByCode("TEXT_TOO_LONG").WithParams(map[string]any{"label": label, "max": max}).WithCause(private))
+			if got.Message != fmt.Sprintf("%s不能超过%d个字符", label, max) || !errors.Is(got, private) {
+				t.Error(got)
+			}
+		}(n)
+	}
+	wg.Wait()
+}
+func TestInvalidTemplateParamsFailClosed(t *testing.T) {
+	r := apierrors.MustRegistry(templateCatalog())
+	cause := errors.New("private")
+	for _, values := range []map[string]any{
+		nil, {"label": "x"}, {"label": "x", "max": "100"}, {"label": 100, "max": 100},
+		{"label": "x", "max": 100.0}, {"label": "x", "max": 100, "extra": "private-value"},
+		{"label": "x", "max": nil}, {"label": map[string]any{"secret": "private-value"}, "max": 100},
+	} {
+		result := r.Resolve(apierrors.ByCode("TEXT_TOO_LONG").WithParams(values).WithCause(cause))
+		var diagnostic *apierrors.ParamError
+		if result.Code != "INTERNAL_ERROR" || result.Status != 500 || strings.Contains(result.Message, "{") || !errors.As(result, &diagnostic) || !errors.Is(result, cause) {
+			t.Fatal(result)
+		}
+		if strings.Contains(diagnostic.Error(), "private-value") {
+			t.Fatal("diagnostic leaked value")
+		}
+	}
+	// A parameterized fallback cannot recurse or expose its template.
+	c := templateCatalog()
+	c.Definitions["INTERNAL_ERROR"] = c.Definitions["TEXT_TOO_LONG"]
+	if result := apierrors.MustRegistry(c).Resolve(errors.New("private")); result.Message != "internal server error" || result.Status != 500 {
+		t.Fatal(result)
+	}
+	for _, change := range []func(*apierrors.Definition){
+		func(d *apierrors.Definition) { d.Message = "{label}{missing}" },
+		func(d *apierrors.Definition) { d.Message = "{label}" },
+		func(d *apierrors.Definition) { d.Message = "{label}{max" },
+		func(d *apierrors.Definition) { d.Message = "{label}{max}}" },
+		func(d *apierrors.Definition) { d.Params[1].Name = "label" },
+		func(d *apierrors.Definition) { d.Params[1].Name = "type" },
+		func(d *apierrors.Definition) { d.Params[1].Type = "interface{}" },
+		func(d *apierrors.Definition) { d.Params[1].Example = "100" },
+		func(d *apierrors.Definition) { d.Params = []apierrors.Parameter{} },
+	} {
+		c := templateCatalog()
+		d := c.Definitions["TEXT_TOO_LONG"]
+		change(&d)
+		c.Definitions["TEXT_TOO_LONG"] = d
+		if _, err := apierrors.NewRegistry(c); err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("accepted invalid template", d)
+		}
+	}
+}
+func TestParamTypesEscapingAndSnapshot(t *testing.T) {
+	c := apierrors.Catalog{Definitions: map[string]apierrors.Definition{"T": {Code: "t", Message: "{{literal}} {value} {value}", Params: []apierrors.Parameter{{Name: "value", Type: "string"}}}}}
+	r := apierrors.MustRegistry(c)
+	got := r.Resolve(apierrors.ByCode("T").WithParams(map[string]any{"value": "{other}"}))
+	if got.Message != "{literal} {other} {other}" {
+		t.Fatal("recursive substitution", got)
+	}
+	for _, test := range []struct {
+		kind      string
+		good, bad any
+		want      string
+	}{
+		{"int32", int64(math.MaxInt32), int64(math.MaxInt32) + 1, "2147483647"},
+		{"int64", json.Number("9223372036854775807"), json.Number("9223372036854775808"), "9223372036854775807"},
+		{"bool", true, "true", "true"}, {"float64", float64(1.25), math.Inf(1), "1.25"},
+	} {
+		d := c.Definitions["T"]
+		d.Params = []apierrors.Parameter{{Name: "value", Type: test.kind}}
+		c.Definitions["T"] = d
+		r = apierrors.MustRegistry(c)
+		if x := r.Resolve(apierrors.ByCode("T").WithParams(map[string]any{"value": test.good})); x.Message != "{literal} "+test.want+" "+test.want {
+			t.Fatal(test.kind, x)
+		}
+		if x := r.Resolve(apierrors.ByCode("T").WithParams(map[string]any{"value": test.bad})); x.Status != 500 {
+			t.Fatal(test.kind, x)
+		}
+	}
+	original := apierrors.New(200, "T", "complete").WithCause(errors.New("private"))
+	original.BusinessCode = int64(math.MaxInt64)
+	raw, err := json.Marshal(original.Snapshot())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(string(raw), "private") || strings.Contains(string(raw), "params") {
+		t.Fatal(string(raw))
+	}
+	// Simulate a store rewriting its envelope with ordinary JSON numbers.
+	var storage map[string]any
+	if err = json.Unmarshal(raw, &storage); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	raw, err = json.Marshal(storage)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	var snapshot apierrors.Snapshot
+	if err = json.Unmarshal(raw, &snapshot); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	restored := snapshot.ErrorValue()
+	if restored.Cause != nil || restored.Message != "complete" || restored.BusinessCode != int64(math.MaxInt64) {
+		t.Fatal(restored)
+	}
+}
--- a/errors/snapshot.go
+++ b/errors/snapshot.go
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+package apierrors
+
+import "encoding/json"
+
+// Snapshot contains only the resolved public error, suitable for replay
+// metadata. Parameters and internal causes are deliberately excluded.
+type Snapshot struct {
+	Status       int    `json:"status"`
+	Code         string `json:"code"`
+	Message      string `json:"message"`
+	BusinessCode any    `json:"businessCode,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// Encode the public code as opaque JSON text so shared stores (including Redis
+// Lua/cjson) cannot round an int64 while rewriting their record envelopes.
+func (s Snapshot) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	var encoded string
+	if s.BusinessCode != nil {
+		code, err := normalizeCatalogCode(s.BusinessCode)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		raw, err := json.Marshal(code)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		encoded = string(raw)
+	}
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		Status           int    `json:"status"`
+		Code             string `json:"code"`
+		Message          string `json:"message"`
+		BusinessCodeJSON string `json:"businessCodeJson,omitempty"`
+	}{s.Status, s.Code, s.Message, encoded})
+}
+func (s *Snapshot) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	type plain Snapshot
+	var out struct {
+		plain
+		BusinessCodeJSON string `json:"businessCodeJson,omitempty"`
+	}
+	if err := DecodeCatalogJSON(data, &out); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if out.BusinessCodeJSON != "" {
+		if err := DecodeCatalogJSON([]byte(out.BusinessCodeJSON), &out.BusinessCode); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	if out.BusinessCode != nil {
+		code, err := normalizeCatalogCode(out.BusinessCode)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		out.BusinessCode = code
+	}
+	*s = Snapshot(out.plain)
+	return nil
+}
+func (e *APIError) Snapshot() *Snapshot {
+	if e == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return &Snapshot{Status: e.Status, Code: e.Code, Message: e.Message, BusinessCode: e.BusinessCode}
+}
+func (s *Snapshot) ErrorValue() *APIError {
+	if s == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return &APIError{Status: s.Status, Code: s.Code, Message: s.Message, BusinessCode: s.BusinessCode}
+}
--- a/examples/contracts/errorParams.api
+++ b/examples/contracts/errorParams.api
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+syntax = "v1"
+
+errorCatalog CommonErrors (
+    defaultStatus: 200
+    errors: {
+        "TextTooLong": {
+            "key": "TEXT_TOO_LONG",
+            "code": 400002,
+            "message": "{label}不能超过{max}个字符",
+            "params": [
+                {"name": "label", "type": "string", "example": "企业名称"},
+                {"name": "max", "type": "int", "example": 100}
+            ]
+        },
+        "UsernameInvalid": {"key": "USERNAME_INVALID", "code": 400003, "message": "用户名格式不正确"},
+        "ResourceDenied": {
+            "key": "RESOURCE_DENIED", "status": 403, "code": 403001,
+            "message": "{label}不可用",
+            "params": [{"name": "label", "type": "string", "example": "资源"}]
+        }
+    }
+)
+
+response CommonResponse (
+    codeType: int32
+    successCode: 0
+    errorCode: 9999
+    body: {"code": "${code}", "msg": "${message}", "data": "${data}"}
+    dataMode: always
+)
+
+type TokenResponse {
+    Token string `json:"token"`
+}
+
+@server (
+    group: account
+    response: CommonResponse
+    errors: TextTooLong, UsernameInvalid, ResourceDenied
+)
+service error-params-api {
+    @handler token
+    post /token returns (TokenResponse)
+
+    @response raw
+    @handler raw
+    get /raw returns (TokenResponse)
+}
--- a/examples/contracts/errors.api
+++ b/examples/contracts/errors.api
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+syntax = "v1"
+
+errorCatalog CommonErrors (
+    defaultStatus: 200
+    errors: {
+        "UsernameInvalid": {"key": "USERNAME_INVALID", "code": 400002, "message": "用户名格式不正确"},
+        "PasswordInvalid": {"key": "PASSWORD_INVALID", "code": 400002, "message": "密码格式不正确"},
+        "PermissionDenied": {"key": "PERMISSION_DENIED", "status": 403, "code": 403001, "message": "没有权限"}
+    }
+)
+
+response CommonResponse (
+    codeType: int32
+    successCode: 0
+    errorCode: 9999
+    body: {"ok": "${ok}", "code": "${code}", "data": "${data}"}
+    errorBody: {"ok": "${ok}", "code": "${code}", "msg": "${message}"}
+)
+
+type TokenResponse {
+    Token string `json:"token"`
+}
+
+@server (
+    group: account
+    response: CommonResponse
+    errors: UsernameInvalid, PasswordInvalid, PermissionDenied
+)
+service errors-api {
+    @handler token
+    post /token returns (TokenResponse)
+
+    @response raw
+    @handler raw
+    get /raw returns (TokenResponse)
+}
--- a/httpx/bridge.go
+++ b/httpx/bridge.go
@@ -45,9 +45,17 @@ func WrapMiddleware(middleware func(http.Handler) http.Handler) Middleware {
 				child.writer.(interface{ inheritCommit(int) }).inheritCommit(c.Status())
 			}
 			defer CleanupMultipart(r)
-			defer func() { c.values = child.values; c.encoder = child.encoder }()
-			if err := next(child); err != nil && !c.Responded() {
-				child.WriteError(err)
+			defer func() {
+				c.values = child.values
+				c.encoder = child.encoder
+				c.errorRegistry = child.errorRegistry
+				c.failure = child.failure
+			}()
+			if err := next(child); err != nil {
+				child.RecordError(err)
+				if !c.Responded() {
+					child.WriteError(err)
+				}
 			}
 		}))
 		if wrapped == nil {
--- a/httpx/context.go
+++ b/httpx/context.go
@@ -88,13 +88,15 @@ func RoutePattern(ctx context.Context) string {
 // only standard-library HTTP types, so it remains usable when the network
 // implementation is replaced.
 type Context struct {
-	request   *http.Request
-	writer    http.ResponseWriter
-	params    map[string]string
-	values    map[string]any
-	responded bool
-	status    int
-	encoder   response.Encoder
+	request       *http.Request
+	writer        http.ResponseWriter
+	params        map[string]string
+	values        map[string]any
+	responded     bool
+	status        int
+	encoder       response.Encoder
+	errorRegistry *apierrors.Registry
+	failure       *apierrors.APIError
 }

 // NewContext creates a transport-neutral GoOmni context.
@@ -133,6 +135,7 @@ func (c *Context) Raw() http.ResponseWriter { return c.writer }
 func (c *Context) Clone(ctx context.Context, writer http.ResponseWriter) *Context {
 	clone := NewContext(c.request.Clone(ctx), writer, c.params)
 	clone.encoder = c.encoder
+	clone.errorRegistry = c.errorRegistry
 	for key, value := range c.values {
 		clone.values[key] = value
 	}
@@ -279,15 +282,46 @@ func (c *Context) WriteError(err error) {
 	if errors.As(err, &bodyErr) {
 		err = bodyTooLarge()
 	}
-	apiErr := apierrors.From(err)
+	apiErr := c.ResolveError(err)
+	c.failure = apiErr
 	if writeErr := c.writeResult(response.Result{
-		Status:    apiErr.Status,
-		Code:      apiErr.Code,
-		Message:   apiErr.Message,
-		RequestID: c.RequestID(),
-		Err:       err,
+		BusinessCode: apiErr.BusinessCode,
+		Failed:       true,
+		Status:       apiErr.Status,
+		Code:         apiErr.Code,
+		Message:      apiErr.Message,
+		RequestID:    c.RequestID(),
+		Err:          err,
 	}); writeErr != nil && !c.responded {
 		// An invalid custom encoder must not recurse or leak a different envelope.
 		_ = c.WriteResponse(http.StatusInternalServerError, nil, nil)
 	}
 }
+
+// SetErrorRegistry sets an application fallback. Route encoders can supply their
+// own registry; clones retain both policies without any process-global lookup.
+func (c *Context) SetErrorRegistry(r *apierrors.Registry) { c.errorRegistry = r }
+func (c *Context) ResolveError(err error) *apierrors.APIError {
+	registry := c.errorRegistry
+	if provider, ok := c.encoder.(response.ErrorRegistryProvider); ok {
+		if scoped := provider.ErrorRegistry(); scoped != nil {
+			registry = scoped
+		}
+	}
+	return registry.Resolve(err)
+}
+
+// RecordError preserves failure semantics when a middleware commits buffered bytes.
+func (c *Context) RecordError(err error) { c.failure = c.ResolveError(err) }
+
+// RecordFailure propagates an already resolved failure without reapplying a
+// different parent/catalog policy. Used with committed or buffered responses.
+func (c *Context) RecordFailure(err *apierrors.APIError) { c.failure = err.Clone() }
+
+// Failure returns a detached description of a failure already handled by Context.
+func (c *Context) Failure() *apierrors.APIError {
+	if c.failure == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return c.failure.Clone()
+}
--- a/metrics/metrics.go
+++ b/metrics/metrics.go
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import (
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"

-	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/httpx"
 )

@@ -46,10 +45,10 @@ func (m *Metrics) Middleware() httpx.Middleware {
 			err := next(ctx)
 			status := ctx.Status()
 			if err != nil && !ctx.Responded() {
-				status = apierrors.From(err).Status
+				status = ctx.ResolveError(err).Status
 			}
 			m.requests.Add(1)
-			if err != nil || status >= 400 {
+			if err != nil || ctx.Failure() != nil || status >= 400 {
 				m.errors.Add(1)
 			}
 			if status >= 0 && status < len(m.statuses) {
--- a/middleware/idempotency.go
+++ b/middleware/idempotency.go
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ type IdempotencyConfig struct {

 type replay struct {
 	fingerprint     [32]byte
+	errorCode       string
+	failure         *apierrors.Snapshot
 	status          int
 	headers         http.Header
 	body            []byte
@@ -150,8 +152,14 @@ func (i *Idempotency) Middleware() httpx.Middleware {
 					return apierrors.New(409, "IDEMPOTENCY_UNAVAILABLE", "request is in progress or its outcome cannot be replayed")
 				}
 				status, headers, data := saved.status, saved.headers.Clone(), append([]byte(nil), saved.body...)
+				errorCode, failure := saved.errorCode, saved.failure
 				i.mu.Unlock()
 				headers.Set("Idempotency-Replayed", "true")
+				if failure != nil {
+					c.RecordFailure(failure.ErrorValue())
+				} else if errorCode != "" {
+					c.RecordFailure(apierrors.New(status, errorCode, ""))
+				}
 				return c.WriteResponse(status, headers, data)
 			}
 			if len(i.items) >= i.config.MaxEntries {
@@ -171,15 +179,26 @@ func (i *Idempotency) Middleware() httpx.Middleware {
 				saved.failed = true
 				saved.expires = i.now().Add(i.config.TTL)
 				size := buffer.body.Len()
+				failure := c.Failure().Snapshot()
+				var metadataErr error
+				if failure != nil {
+					var metadata []byte
+					metadata, metadataErr = json.Marshal(failure)
+					size += len(metadata) + len(failure.Code)
+				}
 				for k, values := range buffer.headers {
 					size += len(k)
 					for _, v := range values {
 						size += len(v)
 					}
 				}
-				if buffer.complete && buffer.err == nil && buffer.status < 500 && buffer.headers.Get("Set-Cookie") == "" && !strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(buffer.headers.Get("Cache-Control")), "no-store") && size <= i.config.MaxBytes-i.bytes {
+				if metadataErr == nil && buffer.complete && buffer.err == nil && buffer.status < 500 && buffer.headers.Get("Set-Cookie") == "" && !strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(buffer.headers.Get("Cache-Control")), "no-store") && size <= i.config.MaxBytes-i.bytes {
 					saved.failed = false
 					saved.status = buffer.status
+					if failure := c.Failure(); failure != nil {
+						saved.errorCode = failure.Code
+						saved.failure = failure.Snapshot()
+					}
 					saved.headers = buffer.headers.Clone()
 					saved.body = append([]byte(nil), buffer.body.Bytes()...)
 					saved.size = size
@@ -202,6 +221,9 @@ func (i *Idempotency) Middleware() httpx.Middleware {
 			if buffer.status == 0 {
 				buffer.status = 200
 			}
+			if failure := child.Failure(); failure != nil {
+				c.RecordFailure(failure)
+			}
 			buffer.complete = true
 			return c.WriteResponse(buffer.status, buffer.headers, buffer.body.Bytes())
 		}
--- a/middleware/middleware.go
+++ b/middleware/middleware.go
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package middleware

 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"runtime/debug"
 	"time"
@@ -73,10 +74,10 @@ func AccessLog(options ...AccessLogOption) httpx.Middleware {
 		return func(ctx *httpx.Context) error {
 			started := time.Now()
 			err := next(ctx)
-			status := ctx.Status()
 			if err != nil && !ctx.Responded() {
-				status = apierrors.From(err).Status
+				ctx.WriteError(err)
 			}
+			status := ctx.Status()
 			duration := time.Since(started)
 			slow := settings.slowThreshold > 0 && duration >= settings.slowThreshold
 			attrs := []any{
@@ -87,6 +88,20 @@ func AccessLog(options ...AccessLogOption) httpx.Middleware {
 				"durationMs", duration.Seconds() * 1000,
 				"clientIp", ctx.ClientIP(),
 			}
+			failure := ctx.Failure()
+			if failure == nil && err != nil {
+				failure = ctx.ResolveError(err)
+			}
+			if failure != nil {
+				attrs = append(attrs, "failed", true, "errorKey", failure.Code)
+				var parameterErr *apierrors.ParamError
+				if errors.As(failure, &parameterErr) {
+					attrs = append(attrs, "errorParameter", parameterErr.Error())
+				}
+				if failure.BusinessCode != nil {
+					attrs = append(attrs, "businessCode", failure.BusinessCode)
+				}
+			}
 			if slow {
 				attrs = append(attrs, "slow", true)
 			}
--- a/middleware/redis/errorParams_test.go
+++ b/middleware/redis/errorParams_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package redis
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	omni "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
+	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/httpx"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/middleware"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/response"
+	goredis "github.com/redis/go-redis/v9"
+)
+
+func TestTemplateErrorRedisReplay(t *testing.T) {
+	address := os.Getenv("GO_OMNI_REDIS_TEST_ADDR")
+	if address == "" {
+		t.Skip("requires isolated Redis")
+	}
+	client := goredis.NewClient(&goredis.Options{Addr: address, PoolSize: 2, MaxRetries: -1})
+	defer client.Close()
+	backend, err := NewIdempotencyStore(client, fmt.Sprint("template:", time.Now().UnixNano()), IdempotencyConfig{MaxEntries: 4})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer client.Del(context.Background(), backend.keys...)
+	var observed []*apierrors.APIError
+	calls := 0
+	var bodies []string
+	for _, template := range []string{"{label}不能超过{max}个字符", "changed: {label}/{max}"} {
+		cat := apierrors.Catalog{DefaultStatus: 200, Definitions: map[string]apierrors.Definition{"LIMIT": {Code: int64(math.MaxInt64), Message: template, Params: []apierrors.Parameter{{Name: "label", Type: "string"}, {Name: "max", Type: "int64"}}}}}
+		app := omni.New(omni.WithErrors(cat), omni.WithResponse(response.Config{CodeType: "int64", SuccessCode: 0, ErrorCode: 9999, MessageField: "msg", DataMode: "always"}))
+		idem, err := middleware.NewIdempotency(middleware.IdempotencyConfig{Store: backend, Scope: func(*httpx.Context) (string, error) { return "fixture", nil }})
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		app.Use(func(next httpx.Handler) httpx.Handler {
+			return func(c *httpx.Context) error { err := next(c); observed = append(observed, c.Failure()); return err }
+		})
+		app.POST("/", func(c *httpx.Context) error {
+			calls++
+			return apierrors.ByCode("LIMIT").WithParams(map[string]any{"label": "备注", "max": int64(math.MaxInt64)}).WithCause(errors.New("privateCause"))
+		}, idem.Middleware())
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		r := httptest.NewRequest("POST", "/", nil)
+		r.Header.Set("Idempotency-Key", "same")
+		app.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		app.Close()
+		if w.Code != 200 || !strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), "备注不能超过9223372036854775807个字符") || !strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), `"code":9223372036854775807`) || !strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), `"data":null`) || strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), "privateCause") {
+			t.Fatal(w.Code, w.Body.String())
+		}
+		bodies = append(bodies, w.Body.String())
+	}
+	if calls != 1 || bodies[0] != bodies[1] || len(observed) != 2 {
+		t.Fatal(calls, bodies, observed)
+	}
+	for _, e := range observed {
+		if e == nil || e.BusinessCode != int64(math.MaxInt64) || e.Message != "备注不能超过9223372036854775807个字符" {
+			t.Fatal(e)
+		}
+	}
+	if observed[1].Cause != nil {
+		t.Fatal("persisted internal cause")
+	}
+	records, err := client.HVals(context.Background(), backend.keys[0]).Result()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for _, raw := range records {
+		if strings.Contains(raw, "privateCause") || strings.Contains(raw, `"params"`) {
+			t.Fatal("private replay metadata")
+		}
+	}
+}
--- a/middleware/sharedIdempotency.go
+++ b/middleware/sharedIdempotency.go
@@ -4,19 +4,23 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"crypto/rand"
 	"encoding/hex"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
-	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
-	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/httpx"
-	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
+
+	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/httpx"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx"
 )

 type StoredResponse struct {
-	Status  int         `json:"status"`
-	Headers http.Header `json:"headers"`
-	Body    []byte      `json:"body"`
+	Status    int                 `json:"status"`
+	ErrorCode string              `json:"errorCode,omitempty"`
+	Failure   *apierrors.Snapshot `json:"failure,omitempty"`
+	Headers   http.Header         `json:"headers"`
+	Body      []byte              `json:"body"`
 }
 type IdempotencyRecord struct {
 	Fingerprint string          `json:"fingerprint"`
@@ -54,6 +58,11 @@ func (i *Idempotency) shared(c *httpx.Context, next httpx.Handler, id, fingerpri
 		response := record.Response
 		headers := response.Headers.Clone()
 		headers.Set("Idempotency-Replayed", "true")
+		if response.Failure != nil {
+			c.RecordFailure(response.Failure.ErrorValue())
+		} else if response.ErrorCode != "" {
+			c.RecordFailure(apierrors.New(response.Status, response.ErrorCode, ""))
+		}
 		return c.WriteResponse(response.Status, headers, response.Body)
 	}
 	completed := false
@@ -84,9 +93,22 @@ func (i *Idempotency) shared(c *httpx.Context, next httpx.Handler, id, fingerpri
 	if buffer.status == 0 {
 		buffer.status = 200
 	}
+	if failure := child.Failure(); failure != nil {
+		c.RecordFailure(failure)
+	}
 	var response *StoredResponse
 	if buffer.status < 500 && buffer.headers.Get("Set-Cookie") == "" && !strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(buffer.headers.Get("Cache-Control")), "no-store") {
 		response = &StoredResponse{Status: buffer.status, Headers: buffer.headers.Clone(), Body: append([]byte(nil), buffer.body.Bytes()...)}
+		if failure := child.Failure(); failure != nil {
+			response.ErrorCode = failure.Code
+			response.Failure = failure.Snapshot()
+		}
+	}
+	if response != nil && response.Failure != nil {
+		metadata, encodeErr := json.Marshal(response.Failure)
+		if encodeErr != nil || len(metadata) > i.config.MaxResponseBytes {
+			response = nil
+		}
 	}
 	if err = finish(response); err != nil {
 		return apierrors.New(503, "IDEMPOTENCY_UNAVAILABLE", "outcome requires reconciliation").WithCause(err)
--- a/omni.go
+++ b/omni.go
@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@ func WithRequestIDHeader(header string) Option { return config.WithRequestIDHead

 func WithLogger(enabled bool) Option { return config.WithLogger(enabled) }

+func WithErrors(catalog apierrors.Catalog) Option { return config.WithErrors(catalog) }
+
 func WithResponse(settings response.Config) Option { return config.WithResponse(settings) }

 func WithResponseEncoder(encoder response.Encoder) Option { return config.WithResponseEncoder(encoder) }
--- a/performance/connectorAcceptance.md
+++ b/performance/connectorAcceptance.md
@@ -22,3 +22,15 @@
 环境：`go version go1.27.1 darwin/arm64`。记录时间：2026-09-23T18:17:16.897323+00:00。

 独立 `TransportHTTP2` 的逐请求读写时限未实现，本次没有进行 Linux soak、代理长测或完整业务迁移验收。
+
+## 远程验收
+
+发布后两条独立远程验收均通过；各自使用全新 module cache，消费者依赖固定版本，无本地 replace。
+
+- 发布标签：`v0.9.1-preview`；源码：`20e84e5ff86d872f42301cd3c256030fc41c8ce2`。
+- module 校验和：`h1:yCqjVGv4rH8UN2M3WzjraNEfdEI6WJD2A64F4HFP0FI=`。
+- Connector/HTTP 远程消费者执行全部专项 race 测试及真实 MySQL TLS 用例，无跳过；耗时 16.49 秒，详见 [Connector 远程记录](connectorRemote.json)。
+- 从远程安装 CLI，生成消费者，验证标量、动态 JSON、上传/原文签名、下载、请求体上限和重生成保护；耗时 13.27 秒，详见 [CLI 远程记录](connectorCompatibilityRemote.json)。
+- 两条验收脚本确认相同框架校验和；临时消费者、缓存、数据库容器与测试证书/凭据已清理。fixture 哈希与当前文件核对一致。
+
+结果在 main 单独追加，已发布标签保持不可变。
--- a/performance/connectorCompatibilityRemote.json
+++ b/performance/connectorCompatibilityRemote.json
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+{
+  "passed": true,
+  "frameworkVersion": "v0.9.1-preview",
+  "frameworkSum": "h1:yCqjVGv4rH8UN2M3WzjraNEfdEI6WJD2A64F4HFP0FI=",
+  "freshModuleCache": true,
+  "noLocalReplace": true,
+  "durationSeconds": 13.27,
+  "checks": [
+    "remoteCLIInstall",
+    "scalarContractValidation",
+    "manualProjectGeneration",
+    "int64MaxValueOnWire",
+    "dynamicJSON",
+    "rawBodySignature",
+    "routeBodyLimits",
+    "multipartTempCleanup",
+    "unwrappedDownloads",
+    "handwrittenFilesPreserved",
+    "generatedConsumerRaceTests",
+    "fixedRemoteModuleChecksum"
+  ],
+  "sourceHashes": {
+    "scripts/verifyCompatibilityRelease.py": "90e487d3203ed4eb4bc721da8086356413345b3e05193e473250a834aeb8d293",
+    "cmd/go-omni/apigen/compatibility_test.go": "98cf5fbe6cb6413c12f709806d385726f3dec1468575f76967786de4707667ba",
+    "examples/contracts/compatibility.api": "3ede909e7f60386012e55c916a8e4887dd08562e7f023665f663288c809873d4",
+    "cmd/go-omni/apigen/testdata/compatibility/consumer_test.go": "0a99ffd6a5cc16d47ae8208d9140c8d6afd9c19106fac8e5e61096cb90d8c463",
+    "cmd/go-omni/apigen/testdata/compatibility/hooks.go": "435baf37c7f8adffd18d4be0353a791124e0bc5dcb79abdcc345276b6f9867f4",
+    "cmd/go-omni/apigen/testdata/compatibility/echo.go": "9e13cb18a0951974e723a1fd915c0f4610d823c95eadb752c3d1cd75c44fa293",
+    "cmd/go-omni/apigen/testdata/compatibility/download.go": "e7f4bcdb34c90ec63fdab1f3c4e524964ac153944352d8a9053a9f19b74030fd"
+  }
+}
--- a/performance/connectorRemote.json
+++ b/performance/connectorRemote.json
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+{
+  "passed": true,
+  "frameworkVersion": "v0.9.1-preview",
+  "localSource": false,
+  "frameworkSum": "h1:yCqjVGv4rH8UN2M3WzjraNEfdEI6WJD2A64F4HFP0FI=",
+  "freshModuleCache": true,
+  "noLocalReplace": true,
+  "mysqlImage": "sha256:1afd25fe334a1be64a3866495dd43a6bdba3c55dd1d6190ea12933163fe2843c",
+  "mysqlLimits": {
+    "cpus": 1,
+    "memoryMiB": 768,
+    "pids": 128
+  },
+  "durationSeconds": 16.49,
+  "tests": [
+    "TestHTTPConfiguredStandardServer",
+    "TestHTTPInvalidStartupReleasesResources",
+    "TestHTTPConfiguredNetworkLimits/nethttp/slowHeaders",
+    "TestHTTPConfiguredNetworkLimits/nethttp/slowBody",
+    "TestHTTPConfiguredNetworkLimits/nethttp/idle",
+    "TestHTTPConfiguredNetworkLimits/nethttp/writeBackpressure",
+    "TestHTTPFileAndEnvironment/server.json",
+    "TestHTTPFileAndEnvironment/server.yaml",
+    "TestHTTPFileAndEnvironment",
+    "TestHTTPInvalidAndUnsupportedSettings/READ_HEADER_TIMEOUTinvalid",
+    "TestHTTPInvalidAndUnsupportedSettings/READ_HEADER_TIMEOUT-1",
+    "TestHTTPInvalidAndUnsupportedSettings/READ_TIMEOUTinvalid",
+    "TestHTTPInvalidAndUnsupportedSettings/READ_TIMEOUT-1",
+    "TestHTTPInvalidAndUnsupportedSettings/WRITE_TIMEOUTinvalid",
+    "TestHTTPInvalidAndUnsupportedSettings/WRITE_TIMEOUT-1",
+    "TestHTTPInvalidAndUnsupportedSettings/IDLE_TIMEOUTinvalid",
+    "TestHTTPInvalidAndUnsupportedSettings/IDLE_TIMEOUT-1",
+    "TestHTTPInvalidAndUnsupportedSettings/MAX_HEADER_BYTESinvalid",
+    "TestHTTPInvalidAndUnsupportedSettings/MAX_HEADER_BYTES-1",
+    "TestHTTPInvalidAndUnsupportedSettings",
+    "TestConnectorIndependentPoolsAndContext",
+    "TestConnectorRejectsInvalidInputWithoutTakingOwnership",
+    "TestConnectorStartupFailuresReleaseResources/connect",
+    "TestConnectorStartupFailuresReleaseResources/ping",
+    "TestConnectorStartupFailuresReleaseResources",
+    "TestConnectorTimeoutBoundsConnectAndPing/connect",
+    "TestConnectorTimeoutBoundsConnectAndPing/ping",
+    "TestConnectorTimeoutBoundsConnectAndPing",
+    "TestConnectorHealthBoundsPoolWaitAndRecovers",
+    "TestConnectorIdleZeroAndLifetime/noIdle",
+    "TestConnectorIdleZeroAndLifetime/expired",
+    "TestConnectorIdleZeroAndLifetime",
+    "TestConnectorTransactionsKeepCommitAndRollbackSemantics",
+    "TestMySQLConnectorDriverLoggerIsolation",
+    "TestMySQLConnectorTLSAndPoolIsolation/untrustedCA",
+    "TestMySQLConnectorTLSAndPoolIsolation/wrongHostname",
+    "TestMySQLConnectorTLSAndPoolIsolation",
+    "TestHTTPConfiguredNetworkLimits/nethttp/headerLimit",
+    "TestHTTPConfiguredNetworkLimits/nethttp",
+    "TestHTTPConfiguredNetworkLimits/native/slowHeaders",
+    "TestHTTPConfiguredNetworkLimits/native/slowBody",
+    "TestHTTPConfiguredNetworkLimits/native/idle",
+    "TestHTTPConfiguredNetworkLimits/native/writeBackpressure",
+    "TestHTTPConfiguredNetworkLimits/native/headerLimit",
+    "TestHTTPConfiguredNetworkLimits/native",
+    "TestHTTPConfiguredNetworkLimits"
+  ],
+  "sourceHashes": {
+    "database/connector_test.go": "0663dfc9794ba24130225fa3b6418a6d5f75d57d0f01686151f70c7ea3f592c0",
+    "database/mysqlConnector_test.go": "e1cdd11ef76b09f1332ba92bfdde5b1917d84c85cc42fac48f65a8b23f5e9720",
+    "app/httpConfig_test.go": "b060dc0b76fb8e5feebae7e3b12cb7bca845693fcc097e2a0496a5ba937c837a",
+    "config/http_test.go": "0cae3dcf213369cfaff5487bf630c2bc3ec097739ca1d40794124e69c3880db8",
+    "scripts/verifyConnector.py": "a0ba3fa29a4d1efcbed5dad82c09afb97d8ddecd904f20fee1e3aa74ec0f9e06"
+  }
+}
--- a/performance/errorCatalogAcceptance.md
+++ b/performance/errorCatalogAcceptance.md
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# v0.10.0-preview 统一错误目录验收
+
+## 范围
+
+项目定义错误目录，框架解析逻辑标识、HTTP 状态、对外业务码及公开提示；支持 HTTP 200 的业务失败，并贯通 `.api` 生成、响应、日志、指标、链路和错误重放。没有修改 eTax/ePay 业务代码，也没有使用业务服务器压测。
+
+目录与响应模板分离；不同 App、路由可选择不同目录和协议。系统兜底不受 DefaultStatus 隐式影响，自定义 Encoder 继续控制最终输出。
+
+## 本地回归
+
+环境：go1.27.1 darwin/arm64。验收日期：2026-09-24。
+
+- `GO_OMNI_SCAFFOLD_INTEGRATION=1 go test -race -p=1 -count=1 -timeout=300s ./...` 全部通过，包含实际生成并编译的脚手架/契约消费者。
+- 全量之后增加配置快照隔离与 Encoder 包装策略测试，完成 `go test -race -count=1 ./response ./config ./cmd/go-omni/apigen`。
+- 本地/共享幂等错误元数据补充用例通过 `go test -race -count=1 ./app ./config ./httpx ./middleware/... ./metrics ./response ./telemetry`。
+- `go vet ./...`、`go build ./...`、gofmt、`git diff --check` 与 CLI 校验 `examples/contracts/errors.api` 通过。
+
+## 专项覆盖
+
+- 多 App 隔离、目录复制、配置快照隔离、静态配置变更要求重启；并发解析及 WithCause 不互相污染。
+- JSON/YAML 精确 int64、字符串/整数类型与范围、重复 key、非法状态/字段/映射冲突拒绝。重复对外业务码允许保留独立提示。
+- HTTP 200 业务失败、403 单项覆盖、未知标识 500、内部原因不进入默认公开响应、已提交响应不追加、文本 ACK 由自定义 Encoder 输出。
+- RawJSON 成功不包装、失败保持错误响应；嵌套相同/空目录保留已有策略，不同目录叠加明确拒绝。
+- 访问日志记录最终状态和业务失败；指标计入 HTTP 200 失败，链路保留状态与失败标记。标准中间件、本地/共享幂等重放保留失败语义。
+- 多文件导入、多个目录和不同码类型的路由作用域；200 成功/失败 OpenAPI anyOf、多错误同码的独立示例。
+- 实际生成项目的无参数错误函数、全局中间件提前返回时的路由目录、unknown fallback、raw 成功/失败、手写文件重生成保护。
+
+## 验证边界
+
+共享幂等新增用例使用 JSON 序列化的内存替身，验证字段在持久化边界上保留；未为本特性运行外部 Redis 服务。没有进行 Linux soak、代理长测或完整业务迁移验收。业务项目仍需升级框架/CLI，并逐步将散落错误改为目录调用。
+
+## 远程固定版本验收
+
+发布后两条独立远程验收均通过；各自从全新 module cache 安装远程 CLI，生成的消费者依赖固定版本，没有本地 replace。
+
+- 发布标签：`v0.10.0-preview`；源码：`ebfd279f9ada059bcb5d229e463759122b8a3669`。
+- module 校验和：`h1:bbBDhMtp6ax+krphTGu9M1xnHGFORSg/ahFxWbEILyQ=`，两条验收结果一致。
+- 错误目录远程消费者：实际生成代码编译、HTTP 200 失败、同码不同提示、状态覆盖、未知标识兜底、cause 隔离、raw 输出、中间件提前返回、重生成保护与 race 测试通过；耗时 14.15 秒，详见 [错误目录远程记录](errorCatalogRemote.json)。
+- 迁移兼容性消费者：标量转换、int64 精度、动态 JSON、原始请求体验签、路由体积限制、上传临时文件清理、下载及重生成保护通过；耗时 14.48 秒，详见 [兼容性远程记录](errorCatalogCompatibilityRemote.json)。
+- 验收 fixture 哈希与当前文件一致；临时目录及缓存已清理。
+
+结果在 main 单独追加，已发布标签保持不可变。
--- a/performance/errorCatalogCompatibilityRemote.json
+++ b/performance/errorCatalogCompatibilityRemote.json
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+{
+  "passed": true,
+  "frameworkVersion": "v0.10.0-preview",
+  "frameworkSum": "h1:bbBDhMtp6ax+krphTGu9M1xnHGFORSg/ahFxWbEILyQ=",
+  "freshModuleCache": true,
+  "noLocalReplace": true,
+  "durationSeconds": 14.48,
+  "checks": [
+    "remoteCLIInstall",
+    "scalarContractValidation",
+    "manualProjectGeneration",
+    "int64MaxValueOnWire",
+    "dynamicJSON",
+    "rawBodySignature",
+    "routeBodyLimits",
+    "multipartTempCleanup",
+    "unwrappedDownloads",
+    "handwrittenFilesPreserved",
+    "generatedConsumerRaceTests",
+    "fixedRemoteModuleChecksum"
+  ],
+  "sourceHashes": {
+    "scripts/verifyCompatibilityRelease.py": "90e487d3203ed4eb4bc721da8086356413345b3e05193e473250a834aeb8d293",
+    "cmd/go-omni/apigen/compatibility_test.go": "98cf5fbe6cb6413c12f709806d385726f3dec1468575f76967786de4707667ba",
+    "examples/contracts/compatibility.api": "3ede909e7f60386012e55c916a8e4887dd08562e7f023665f663288c809873d4",
+    "cmd/go-omni/apigen/testdata/compatibility/consumer_test.go": "0a99ffd6a5cc16d47ae8208d9140c8d6afd9c19106fac8e5e61096cb90d8c463",
+    "cmd/go-omni/apigen/testdata/compatibility/hooks.go": "435baf37c7f8adffd18d4be0353a791124e0bc5dcb79abdcc345276b6f9867f4",
+    "cmd/go-omni/apigen/testdata/compatibility/echo.go": "9e13cb18a0951974e723a1fd915c0f4610d823c95eadb752c3d1cd75c44fa293",
+    "cmd/go-omni/apigen/testdata/compatibility/download.go": "e7f4bcdb34c90ec63fdab1f3c4e524964ac153944352d8a9053a9f19b74030fd"
+  }
+}
--- a/performance/errorCatalogRemote.json
+++ b/performance/errorCatalogRemote.json
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+{
+  "passed": true,
+  "frameworkVersion": "v0.10.0-preview",
+  "frameworkSum": "h1:bbBDhMtp6ax+krphTGu9M1xnHGFORSg/ahFxWbEILyQ=",
+  "freshModuleCache": true,
+  "noLocalReplace": true,
+  "durationSeconds": 14.15,
+  "checks": [
+    "remoteCLIInstall",
+    "errorCatalogValidation",
+    "generatedErrorConstructors",
+    "http200BusinessFailure",
+    "duplicatePublicCodeDistinctMessages",
+    "perErrorHTTPStatus",
+    "unknownErrorFallback",
+    "causeNotExposed",
+    "rawSuccessAndWrappedFailure",
+    "earlyMiddlewareCatalog",
+    "handwrittenFilesPreserved",
+    "generatedConsumerRaceTests",
+    "fixedRemoteModuleChecksum"
+  ],
+  "sourceHashes": {
+    "scripts/verifyErrorCatalogRelease.py": "53b00d6069296903ba8392c68dfd6d9ae6d8c83e9b82555e55e8be0ec0f2b828",
+    "cmd/go-omni/apigen/errorCatalog_test.go": "9053ca2b103c32d6374ca013580b9f9f18d2319e15e445477a5c61795b32f2ae",
+    "examples/contracts/errors.api": "bfbe0e81c6d0f87981f511f21d4d3e138cdf9287c5f6615856ac04a825b14435",
+    "cmd/go-omni/apigen/testdata/errorCatalog/consumer_test.go": "804cee8cdbca5fe05e6340b8ac21e5bbb7d2a5c38fa6b06b121fc745aaea62ac"
+  }
+}
--- a/performance/errorParamsAcceptance.md
+++ b/performance/errorParamsAcceptance.md
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# v0.11.0-preview 提示模板参数验收
+
+## 范围与环境
+
+通用错误目录增加模板参数及生成能力；字段名称、限制值、业务码、提示和 HTTP 状态均由项目提供。本轮没有修改 eTax/ePay 业务代码，没有访问业务服务器。
+
+环境为 go1.27.1 darwin/arm64，验收日期 2026-09-24。网络消费者使用本地测试请求；Redis 使用独立本地临时容器，1 CPU、128 MiB、64 PID，只绑定回环地址，关闭持久化，完成后删除。
+
+## 本地验收
+
+- `GO_OMNI_SCAFFOLD_INTEGRATION=1 go test -race -p=1 -count=1 -timeout=300s ./...` 全部通过，包含真实生成并编译的项目。
+- `go vet ./...`、`go build ./...`、gofmt、`git diff --check` 通过。
+- 模板专项覆盖：企业名称/100 与备注/500、缺参/多参/类型错误、整型范围/精度、并发隔离、修改原 map/目录副本、重复解析、WithCause 错误链、转义及非递归替换。
+- 目录加载覆盖：重复/非法参数名、Go 关键字、不支持类型、未声明/未使用占位符、非法花括号、空 params、错误 example、同标识旧 messages 冲突。旧固定提示的字面花括号保持不变。
+- JSON/YAML 配置保留 int64 示例与运行时参数精度；固定错误函数兼容。
+- HTTP 测试覆盖：生成错误与运行时错误共用逻辑，HTTP 200、data:null、403 覆盖、500 兜底、cause 不进入公开响应、RawJSON 成功与失败策略；标准中间件、路由策略及 Context 缓冲克隆保留参数。
+- 访问日志保持实际 HTTP 状态、业务码及失败标记；参数诊断不包含参数值。HTTP 200 失败计入指标。原有链路回归通过。
+- 本地/共享幂等重放不重复执行业务，保存已解析公开快照；更新目录后重放仍保持原响应及错误信息。
+- 最后补充生成消费者对 OpenAPI 参数类型、具体提示示例和 200 成功/失败 schema 的校验，再执行 `GO_OMNI_SCAFFOLD_INTEGRATION=1 go test -race -count=1 ./cmd/go-omni/apigen -run '^TestErrorParams'`。
+
+## 真实 Redis 验收
+
+`scripts/verifyErrorParamsRedis.py` 在独立容器中执行 `middleware/redis` 全部测试，3 项通过、0 跳过。确认模板重放、目录更新后快照不变、int64 最大值业务码通过 Lua/cjson 仍保持精度、原始参数和内部 cause 不进入持久化快照。原有共享存储并发/过期回归同时通过。
+
+镜像、时间及资源限制见 [Redis 记录](errorParamsRedis.json)。临时容器已删除。未进行 Linux soak、代理长测或完整业务迁移验收。
+
+远程固定版本消费者验收在发布后追加；已发布标签保持不可变。
--- a/performance/errorParamsRedis.json
+++ b/performance/errorParamsRedis.json
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+{
+  "passed": true,
+  "image": "sha256:f5c58b2e6e6cba5589931e8822c0ced59c507e96603d370bae3913e143f57546",
+  "timestamp": "2026-09-24T07:00:14.532535+00:00",
+  "goVersion": "go version go1.27.1 darwin/arm64",
+  "durationSeconds": 2.35,
+  "passedTests": [
+    "TestTemplateErrorRedisReplay",
+    "TestSharedRedisIntegration",
+    "TestExpiredTargetBeyondCleanupBatch"
+  ],
+  "skippedTests": [],
+  "checks": [
+    "templateReplay",
+    "int64CodePrecisionThroughLua",
+    "catalogChangeKeepsSnapshot",
+    "noPersistedCauseOrParams",
+    "http200Failure",
+    "dataNull",
+    "oneBusinessExecution"
+  ],
+  "cpuLimit": 1,
+  "memoryMiB": 128,
+  "loopbackOnly": true
+}
--- a/response/catalog_test.go
+++ b/response/catalog_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+package response_test
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/response"
+)
+
+func TestCatalogHTTP200AndRawJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	c := apierrors.Catalog{DefaultStatus: 200, Definitions: map[string]apierrors.Definition{"INVALID": {Code: 400002, Message: "invalid"}}}
+	cfg := response.Config{CodeType: "int32", SuccessCode: 0, ErrorCode: 9999, ErrorMessage: "fallback", Body: map[string]any{"ok": "${ok}", "code": "${code}", "data": "${data}"}, ErrorBody: map[string]any{"failed": "${ok}", "code": "${code}", "msg": "${message}"}}
+	enc, err := response.WithErrors(c, response.MustNew(cfg))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for _, encoder := range []response.Encoder{enc, response.RawJSON(enc)} {
+		p, err := encoder.Encode(response.Result{Status: 500, Err: apierrors.ByCode("INVALID")})
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		var body map[string]any
+		if err = json.Unmarshal(p.Body, &body); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if p.Status != 200 || body["failed"] != false || body["code"] != float64(400002) || body["msg"] != "invalid" || body["data"] != nil {
+			t.Fatal(string(p.Body))
+		}
+	}
+	p, err := response.RawJSON(enc).Encode(response.Result{Status: 200, Data: map[string]bool{"value": true}})
+	if err != nil || strings.Contains(string(p.Body), "code") {
+		t.Fatal(string(p.Body), err)
+	}
+	for _, change := range []response.Config{
+		{CodeType: "string"},
+		{CodeType: "int32", SuccessCode: 0, ErrorCode: 9, Codes: map[string]any{"INVALID": 1}},
+		{CodeType: "int32", SuccessCode: 0, ErrorCode: 9, Messages: map[string]string{"INVALID": "different"}},
+	} {
+		if _, err := response.WithErrors(c, response.MustNew(change)); err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("accepted conflicting catalog mapping")
+		}
+	}
+	enc, err = response.WithErrors(c, response.EncoderFunc(func(r response.Result) (response.Payload, error) {
+		if !r.IsError() || r.Status != 200 || r.BusinessCode != int64(400002) {
+			t.Fatal(r)
+		}
+		return response.Text(202, "ACK"), nil
+	}))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	p, err = enc.Encode(response.Result{Err: apierrors.ByCode("INVALID")})
+	if err != nil || p.Status != 202 || string(p.Body) != "ACK" {
+		t.Fatal(p, err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCatalogWrapperPreservesScope(t *testing.T) {
+	catalog := apierrors.Catalog{DefaultStatus: 200, Definitions: map[string]apierrors.Definition{
+		"invalid": {Code: "invalid", Message: "project message"},
+	}}
+	inner := response.MustWithErrors(catalog, response.Default())
+	for _, encoder := range []response.Encoder{inner, response.RawJSON(inner)} {
+		for _, outer := range []apierrors.Catalog{{}, catalog} {
+			bound, err := response.WithErrors(outer, encoder)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			payload, err := bound.Encode(response.Result{Err: apierrors.ByCode("invalid")})
+			if err != nil || payload.Status != 200 || !strings.Contains(string(payload.Body), "project message") {
+				t.Fatal(payload, err)
+			}
+		}
+		other := catalog.Clone()
+		other.Definitions["invalid"] = apierrors.Definition{Status: 409, Code: "other", Message: "other"}
+		if _, err := response.WithErrors(other, encoder); err == nil {
+			t.Fatal("stacked conflicting policies")
+		}
+	}
+}
--- a/response/config.go
+++ b/response/config.go
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ func (f *Formatter) Config() Config {
 func (f *Formatter) Value(r Result) map[string]any {
 	c := f.config
 	code, message := any(r.Code), r.Message
-	isError := r.Err != nil || r.Status >= 400
+	isError := r.IsError()
 	if isError {
 		if c.ErrorCode != nil {
 			code = c.ErrorCode
@@ -184,6 +184,9 @@ func (f *Formatter) Value(r Result) map[string]any {
 	if mapped, ok := c.Messages[r.Code]; ok {
 		message = mapped
 	}
+	if isError && r.BusinessCode != nil {
+		code, message = r.BusinessCode, r.Message
+	}
 	body := c.Body
 	if isError && c.ErrorBody != nil {
 		body = c.ErrorBody
@@ -206,7 +209,12 @@ func (f *Formatter) Value(r Result) map[string]any {
 	}
 	return value
 }
-func (f *Formatter) Encode(r Result) (Payload, error) { return JSON(r.Status, f.Value(r)) }
+func (f *Formatter) Encode(r Result) (Payload, error) {
+	if err := f.validateError(r); err != nil {
+		return Payload{}, err
+	}
+	return JSON(r.Status, f.Value(r))
+}

 func normalizeCode(value any, kind string) (any, error) {
 	if kind == "string" {
--- a/response/encoder.go
+++ b/response/encoder.go
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ package response
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"net/http"
+
+	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
 )

 // Result is the transport-independent input to an Encoder. Err is available for
@@ -12,8 +14,13 @@ type Result struct {
 	Code, Message, RequestID string
 	Data                     any
 	Err                      error
+	BusinessCode             any
+	Failed                   bool
 }

+// IsError preserves failure semantics independently of the HTTP status.
+func (r Result) IsError() bool { return r.Failed || r.Err != nil || r.Status >= 400 }
+
 // Payload is a complete response. Encoders must be safe for concurrent use.
 // Status and headers are intentionally part of the contract: callback protocols
 // may acknowledge an error using a different HTTP status or media type.
@@ -47,14 +54,30 @@ func Default() Encoder { return defaultEncoder }

 // RawJSON leaves successful data unwrapped. Errors use the selected error
 // policy; callback protocols with custom acknowledgments should use EncoderFunc.
+type rawJSONEncoder struct{ errors Encoder }
+
+func (e *rawJSONEncoder) ErrorRegistry() *apierrors.Registry {
+	if p, ok := e.errors.(ErrorRegistryProvider); ok {
+		return p.ErrorRegistry()
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+func (e *rawJSONEncoder) Encode(r Result) (Payload, error) {
+	if r.IsError() {
+		return e.errors.Encode(r)
+	}
+	return JSON(r.Status, r.Data)
+}
 func RawJSON(errors Encoder) Encoder {
 	if errors == nil {
 		errors = Default()
 	}
-	return EncoderFunc(func(r Result) (Payload, error) {
-		if r.Err != nil || r.Status >= 400 {
-			return errors.Encode(r)
-		}
-		return JSON(r.Status, r.Data)
-	})
+	return &rawJSONEncoder{errors: errors}
+}
+
+func (e *rawJSONEncoder) ValidateErrors(catalog apierrors.Catalog) error {
+	if checker, ok := e.errors.(interface{ ValidateErrors(apierrors.Catalog) error }); ok {
+		return checker.ValidateErrors(catalog)
+	}
+	return nil
 }
--- a/response/errors.go
+++ b/response/errors.go
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+package response
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
+
+	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
+)
+
+// ErrorRegistryProvider attaches an immutable error catalog to a route policy.
+// Contexts and buffered clones use it before encoding or running middleware.
+type ErrorRegistryProvider interface{ ErrorRegistry() *apierrors.Registry }
+type errorEncoder struct {
+	next     Encoder
+	registry *apierrors.Registry
+}
+
+func (e *errorEncoder) ErrorRegistry() *apierrors.Registry { return e.registry }
+func (e *errorEncoder) Encode(r Result) (Payload, error) {
+	if r.Err != nil {
+		err := e.registry.Resolve(r.Err)
+		r.Status, r.Code, r.Message, r.BusinessCode, r.Failed = err.Status, err.Code, err.Message, err.BusinessCode, true
+	}
+	return e.next.Encode(r)
+}
+
+// WithErrors binds a catalog to an encoder without imposing a response shape.
+// Built-in templates are checked for incompatible code types and conflicting
+// legacy mappings. Custom encoders remain responsible for their wire contract.
+func WithErrors(catalog apierrors.Catalog, next Encoder) (Encoder, error) {
+	registry, err := apierrors.NewRegistry(catalog)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if next == nil {
+		next = Default()
+	}
+	if provider, ok := next.(ErrorRegistryProvider); ok && provider.ErrorRegistry() != nil {
+		if len(catalog.Definitions) == 0 {
+			return next, nil
+		}
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(registry.Catalog(), provider.ErrorRegistry().Catalog()) {
+			return next, nil
+		}
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("response: cannot stack different error catalogs; choose one policy per scope")
+	}
+	if checker, ok := next.(interface{ ValidateErrors(apierrors.Catalog) error }); ok {
+		if err := checker.ValidateErrors(registry.Catalog()); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+	return &errorEncoder{next: next, registry: registry}, nil
+}
+func MustWithErrors(catalog apierrors.Catalog, next Encoder) Encoder {
+	e, err := WithErrors(catalog, next)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	return e
+}
+func (f *Formatter) ValidateErrors(catalog apierrors.Catalog) error {
+	for key, d := range catalog.Definitions {
+		if _, ok := f.config.Messages[key]; ok && len(d.Params) > 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("response: templated error %s must define its message only in the catalog", key)
+		}
+		if err := f.validateError(Result{Code: key, Message: d.Message, BusinessCode: d.Code, Failed: true}); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+func (f *Formatter) validateError(r Result) error {
+	if !r.IsError() || r.BusinessCode == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	normalized, err := normalizeCode(r.BusinessCode, f.config.CodeType)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("response: catalog %s code does not match codeType %s: %w", r.Code, f.config.CodeType, err)
+	}
+	if code, ok := f.config.Codes[r.Code]; ok && !reflect.DeepEqual(code, normalized) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("response: conflicting catalog/code mapping for %s", r.Code)
+	}
+	if msg, ok := f.config.Messages[r.Code]; ok && msg != r.Message {
+		return fmt.Errorf("response: conflicting catalog/message mapping for %s", r.Code)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
--- a/scripts/verifyErrorCatalogRelease.py
+++ b/scripts/verifyErrorCatalogRelease.py
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Install the released CLI in a fresh cache, then test its generated consumer.
+
+The fixture tests project-owned error catalogs, HTTP 200 business failures,
+route policies, generated constructors and regeneration protection. Only local temporary resources
+are used; the framework and CLI are fetched from the specified remote version.
+"""
+import argparse
+import hashlib
+import json
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+import re
+import subprocess
+import tempfile
+import time
+
+ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]
+MODULE = "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
+
+
+def run(args, cwd, env, timeout=300):
+    result = subprocess.run([str(arg) for arg in args], cwd=cwd, env=env,
+                            capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=timeout)
+    output = re.sub(r"https://[^/@\s]+:[^/@\s]+@", "https://", result.stdout + result.stderr)
+    if result.returncode:
+        raise RuntimeError(f"{args[0]} failed ({result.returncode}):\n{output}")
+    return output
+
+
+def main():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
+    parser.add_argument("--version", required=True)
+    parser.add_argument("--report", type=Path, default=ROOT / "performance/errorCatalogRemote.json")
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    if not re.fullmatch(r"v\d+\.\d+\.\d+(?:-[0-9A-Za-z.-]+)?", args.version):
+        parser.error("a fixed release version is required")
+    env = {k: v for k, v in os.environ.items() if not k.startswith("GO_OMNI_")}
+    env.update(GOWORK="off", GOFLAGS="", GOPRIVATE="git.yuntuo.hk", GONOSUMDB="git.yuntuo.hk")
+    start = time.monotonic()
+    with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(prefix="goOmniErrorCatalogRelease-") as directory:
+        temp = Path(directory)
+        (temp / "bin").mkdir()
+        env.update(GOBIN=str(temp / "bin"), GOMODCACHE=str(temp / "modcache"))
+        print(f"Installing CLI {args.version} in an empty module cache", flush=True)
+        run(["go", "install", MODULE + "/cmd/go-omni@" + args.version], temp, env)
+        cli = temp / "bin/go-omni"
+        run([cli, "api", "validate", "--api", ROOT / "examples/contracts/errors.api"], temp, env)
+        env.update(GO_OMNI_SCAFFOLD_INTEGRATION="1", GO_OMNI_RELEASE_CLI=str(cli), GO_OMNI_RELEASE_VERSION=args.version)
+        print("Testing remote error catalog generation, HTTP 200 failures and raw responses", flush=True)
+        output = run(["go", "test", "-race", "-count=1", "-json", "-timeout=180s",
+                      "./cmd/go-omni/apigen", "-run", "^TestErrorCatalogConsumer$"], ROOT, env)
+        events = [json.loads(line) for line in output.splitlines() if line.startswith("{")]
+        passed = [e["Test"] for e in events if e.get("Action") == "pass" and "Test" in e]
+        assert passed == ["TestErrorCatalogConsumer"], output
+        evidence = "".join(e.get("Output", "") for e in events)
+        checksum = re.search(r"checksum (h1:\S+); no local replace", evidence)
+        assert checksum, "consumer did not verify its remote dependency"
+        report = {
+            "passed": True, "frameworkVersion": args.version, "frameworkSum": checksum.group(1),
+            "freshModuleCache": True, "noLocalReplace": True,
+            "durationSeconds": round(time.monotonic() - start, 2),
+            "checks": ["remoteCLIInstall", "errorCatalogValidation", "generatedErrorConstructors",
+                       "http200BusinessFailure", "duplicatePublicCodeDistinctMessages", "perErrorHTTPStatus",
+                       "unknownErrorFallback", "causeNotExposed", "rawSuccessAndWrappedFailure",
+                       "earlyMiddlewareCatalog", "handwrittenFilesPreserved", "generatedConsumerRaceTests",
+                       "fixedRemoteModuleChecksum"],
+            "sourceHashes": {name: hashlib.sha256((ROOT / name).read_bytes()).hexdigest() for name in
+                             ("scripts/verifyErrorCatalogRelease.py", "cmd/go-omni/apigen/errorCatalog_test.go",
+                              "examples/contracts/errors.api",
+                              "cmd/go-omni/apigen/testdata/errorCatalog/consumer_test.go")},
+        }
+        args.report.write_text(json.dumps(report, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2) + "\n")
+    print(f"PASS remote error catalog contract {args.version}; temporary files removed", flush=True)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
--- a/scripts/verifyErrorParamsRedis.py
+++ b/scripts/verifyErrorParamsRedis.py
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Test template replay against an isolated, bounded local Redis container."""
+import argparse
+import datetime
+import json
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+import subprocess
+import time
+
+ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]
+
+def run(args, **kwargs):
+    return subprocess.run(args, check=True, capture_output=True, text=True, **kwargs).stdout.strip()
+
+def main():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
+    parser.add_argument("--report", type=Path, default=ROOT / "performance/errorParamsRedis.json")
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    started = time.monotonic()
+    container = run(["docker", "run", "--pull=never", "--rm", "-d", "--cpus", "1", "--memory", "128m",
+                     "--pids-limit", "64", "-p", "127.0.0.1::6379", "redis:7-alpine",
+                     "redis-server", "--save", "", "--appendonly", "no", "--maxmemory", "64mb",
+                     "--maxmemory-policy", "noeviction"])
+    print("Started isolated Redis (1 CPU, 128 MiB); loopback only", flush=True)
+    try:
+        image = run(["docker", "inspect", "--format", "{{.Image}}", container])
+        address = run(["docker", "port", container, "6379/tcp"])
+        for _ in range(30):
+            try:
+                if run(["docker", "exec", container, "redis-cli", "ping"]) == "PONG":
+                    break
+            except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+                pass
+            time.sleep(0.1)
+        else:
+            raise RuntimeError("Redis did not become ready")
+        env = dict(os.environ, GO_OMNI_REDIS_TEST_ADDR=address)
+        output = run(["go", "test", "-race", "-count=1", "-json", "-timeout=120s",
+                      "./middleware/redis"], cwd=ROOT, env=env, timeout=150)
+        events = [json.loads(line) for line in output.splitlines() if line.startswith("{")]
+        passed = [e["Test"] for e in events if e.get("Action") == "pass" and "Test" in e]
+        skipped = [e["Test"] for e in events if e.get("Action") == "skip" and "Test" in e]
+        assert "TestTemplateErrorRedisReplay" in passed and not skipped, (passed, skipped)
+        args.report.write_text(json.dumps({
+            "passed": True, "image": image, "timestamp": datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc).isoformat(),
+            "goVersion": run(["go", "version"]), "durationSeconds": round(time.monotonic() - started, 2),
+            "passedTests": passed, "skippedTests": skipped,
+            "checks": ["templateReplay", "int64CodePrecisionThroughLua", "catalogChangeKeepsSnapshot",
+                       "noPersistedCauseOrParams", "http200Failure", "dataNull", "oneBusinessExecution"],
+            "cpuLimit": 1, "memoryMiB": 128, "loopbackOnly": True,
+        }, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2) + "\n")
+        print("PASS isolated Redis template replay and shared store regressions", flush=True)
+    finally:
+        run(["docker", "rm", "-f", container])
+        print("Temporary Redis container removed", flush=True)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
--- a/scripts/verifyErrorParamsRelease.py
+++ b/scripts/verifyErrorParamsRelease.py
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Install the released CLI in a fresh cache, then test its generated consumer.
+
+The fixture tests typed message templates, runtime parameters, HTTP 200 business failures,
+OpenAPI examples, fixed errors and regeneration protection. Only local temporary resources
+are used; the framework and CLI are fetched from the specified remote version.
+"""
+import argparse
+import hashlib
+import json
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+import re
+import subprocess
+import tempfile
+import time
+
+ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]
+MODULE = "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
+
+
+def run(args, cwd, env, timeout=300):
+    result = subprocess.run([str(arg) for arg in args], cwd=cwd, env=env,
+                            capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=timeout)
+    output = re.sub(r"https://[^/@\s]+:[^/@\s]+@", "https://", result.stdout + result.stderr)
+    if result.returncode:
+        raise RuntimeError(f"{args[0]} failed ({result.returncode}):\n{output}")
+    return output
+
+
+def main():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
+    parser.add_argument("--version", required=True)
+    parser.add_argument("--report", type=Path, default=ROOT / "performance/errorParamsRemote.json")
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    if not re.fullmatch(r"v\d+\.\d+\.\d+(?:-[0-9A-Za-z.-]+)?", args.version):
+        parser.error("a fixed release version is required")
+    env = {k: v for k, v in os.environ.items() if not k.startswith("GO_OMNI_")}
+    env.update(GOWORK="off", GOFLAGS="", GOPRIVATE="git.yuntuo.hk", GONOSUMDB="git.yuntuo.hk")
+    start = time.monotonic()
+    with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(prefix="goOmniErrorParamsRelease-") as directory:
+        temp = Path(directory)
+        (temp / "bin").mkdir()
+        env.update(GOBIN=str(temp / "bin"), GOMODCACHE=str(temp / "modcache"))
+        print(f"Installing CLI {args.version} in an empty module cache", flush=True)
+        run(["go", "install", MODULE + "/cmd/go-omni@" + args.version], temp, env)
+        cli = temp / "bin/go-omni"
+        run([cli, "api", "validate", "--api", ROOT / "examples/contracts/errorParams.api"], temp, env)
+        env.update(GO_OMNI_SCAFFOLD_INTEGRATION="1", GO_OMNI_RELEASE_CLI=str(cli), GO_OMNI_RELEASE_VERSION=args.version)
+        print("Testing remote typed error generation, parameter failures and raw responses", flush=True)
+        output = run(["go", "test", "-race", "-count=1", "-json", "-timeout=180s",
+                      "./cmd/go-omni/apigen", "-run", "^TestErrorParamsConsumer$"], ROOT, env)
+        events = [json.loads(line) for line in output.splitlines() if line.startswith("{")]
+        passed = [e["Test"] for e in events if e.get("Action") == "pass" and "Test" in e]
+        assert passed == ["TestErrorParamsConsumer"], output
+        evidence = "".join(e.get("Output", "") for e in events)
+        checksum = re.search(r"checksum (h1:\S+); no local replace", evidence)
+        assert checksum, "consumer did not verify its remote dependency"
+        report = {
+            "passed": True, "frameworkVersion": args.version, "frameworkSum": checksum.group(1),
+            "freshModuleCache": True, "noLocalReplace": True,
+            "durationSeconds": round(time.monotonic() - start, 2),
+            "checks": ["remoteCLIInstall", "errorCatalogValidation", "generatedErrorConstructors",
+                       "http200BusinessFailure", "openAPIConcreteExampleAndParameters", "typedParameterOrder",
+                       "companyAndRemarkMessages", "runtimeAndGeneratedAgreement", "missingAndWrongParameterFallback",
+                       "concurrentIsolation", "fixedErrorCompatibility", "perErrorHTTPStatus",
+                       "causeNotExposed", "rawSuccessAndWrappedFailure",
+                       "earlyMiddlewareCatalog", "handwrittenFilesPreserved", "generatedConsumerRaceTests",
+                       "fixedRemoteModuleChecksum"],
+            "sourceHashes": {name: hashlib.sha256((ROOT / name).read_bytes()).hexdigest() for name in
+                             ("scripts/verifyErrorParamsRelease.py", "cmd/go-omni/apigen/errorParams_test.go", "cmd/go-omni/apigen/errorCatalog_test.go",
+                              "examples/contracts/errorParams.api",
+                              "cmd/go-omni/apigen/testdata/errorParams/consumer_test.go")},
+        }
+        args.report.write_text(json.dumps(report, ensure_ascii=False, indent=2) + "\n")
+    print(f"PASS remote error template contract {args.version}; temporary files removed", flush=True)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
--- a/telemetry/errorCatalog_test.go
+++ b/telemetry/errorCatalog_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+package telemetry_test
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	omni "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
+	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/response"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/telemetry"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/codes"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/trace/tracetest"
+)
+
+func TestCatalogFailureTraceWithHTTP200(t *testing.T) {
+	exporter := tracetest.NewInMemoryExporter()
+	runtime, err := telemetry.New(telemetry.Config{Service: "fixture", SampleRatio: 1, Exporter: exporter})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer runtime.Close()
+	app := omni.New(omni.WithErrors(apierrors.Catalog{DefaultStatus: 200, Definitions: map[string]apierrors.Definition{"INVALID": {Code: 123, Message: "invalid"}}}), omni.WithResponse(response.Config{CodeType: "int32", SuccessCode: 0, ErrorCode: 9999}))
+	defer app.Close()
+	app.Use(runtime.Middleware())
+	app.GET("/", func(c *omni.Context) error { c.WriteError(apierrors.ByCode("INVALID")); return nil })
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	app.ServeHTTP(w, httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/", nil))
+	if w.Code != 200 {
+		t.Fatal(w.Code)
+	}
+	if err := runtime.Flush(context.Background()); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	spans := exporter.GetSpans()
+	if len(spans) != 1 || spans[0].Status.Code != codes.Error {
+		t.Fatal(spans)
+	}
+	seenStatus, seenFailure := false, false
+	for _, attr := range spans[0].Attributes {
+		if attr.Key == "http.response.status_code" && attr.Value.AsInt64() == 200 {
+			seenStatus = true
+		}
+		if attr.Key == "omni.request.failed" && attr.Value.AsBool() {
+			seenFailure = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !seenStatus || !seenFailure {
+		t.Fatal(spans[0].Attributes)
+	}
+}
--- a/telemetry/telemetry.go
+++ b/telemetry/telemetry.go
@@ -4,7 +4,10 @@ package telemetry
 import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
-	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
+	"math"
+	"net/http"
+	"time"
+
 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/httpx"
 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/attribute"
@@ -15,9 +18,6 @@ import (
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/resource"
 	sdktrace "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/trace"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace"
-	"math"
-	"net/http"
-	"time"
 )

 type Config struct {
@@ -99,15 +99,22 @@ func (r *Runtime) Middleware() httpx.Middleware {
 			defer func() {
 				status := c.Status()
 				if err != nil && !c.Responded() {
-					status = apierrors.From(err).Status
+					status = c.ResolveError(err).Status
 				}
 				p := recover()
 				if p != nil {
 					status = 500
 				}
 				attrs := []attribute.KeyValue{attribute.String("http.request.method", method), attribute.String("http.route", route), attribute.Int("http.response.status_code", status)}
+				failure := c.Failure()
+				if failure == nil && err != nil {
+					failure = c.ResolveError(err)
+				}
+				if failure != nil {
+					attrs = append(attrs, attribute.Bool("omni.request.failed", true), attribute.String("omni.error.key", failure.Code))
+				}
 				span.SetAttributes(attrs...)
-				if status >= 500 {
+				if status >= 500 || (failure != nil && status < 400) {
 					span.SetStatus(codes.Error, "request failed")
 				}
 				r.requests.Add(ctx, 1, metric.WithAttributes(attrs...))
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
k2safe	6e3f025aad	feat: add typed error message templates and stable replay snapshots	2026-09-24 15:05:08 +08:00
k2safe	2041e7f661	test: record remote error catalog and compatibility acceptance	2026-09-24 12:41:30 +08:00
k2safe	ebfd279f9a	feat: add project-owned error catalogs and HTTP 200 failure contracts	2026-09-24 12:40:05 +08:00
k2safe	bb2caefbb4	test: record remote connector and HTTP configuration acceptance	2026-09-24 02:19:33 +08:00