feat: remove Gin and standardize on nethttp

test: verify remote business module upgrade flow
feat: standardize transport contracts across Gin and nethttp
2026-09-21 00:57:06 +08:00 · 2026-09-21 00:23:22 +08:00 · 2026-09-21 00:10:44 +08:00 · 2026-09-20 23:12:47 +08:00
60 changed files with 2516 additions and 449 deletions
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -5,3 +5,4 @@ bin/
 dist/
 *.log
 coverage.out
+__pycache__/
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,5 +1,39 @@
 # Changelog

+## v0.4.0
+
+- **破坏性变更**：移除 Gin 适配器及其全部依赖，`omni.New()` 默认使用只依赖标准库的 `transport/nethttp`。
+- 移除 Gin 专属的 `Config.Mode` / `WithMode` API；网络层运行模式由具体适配器或启动层自行配置。
+- 公共 `httpx.Router`、`transport/transporttest.Run` 和 `omni.NewWithRouter` 保留，自研网络层无需修改业务 Handler / Service 即可接入。
+- benchmark 改为标准库路由和完整 GoOmni 请求链，新增 `scripts/verifyPerformance.py` 作为 race、vet、build 和性能基线入口。
+- 远程业务试用、脚手架、适配器契约和 MySQL 验收全部迁移到 `v0.4.0`。
+
+## v0.3.1
+
+- 新增独立业务模块验收 `scripts/verifyBusiness.py`：从远程 `v0.2.0` 升级到 `v0.3.1`，验证无本地 replace、配置加载、结构化日志、requestId、CRUD、校验错误、业务错误和优雅退出。
+- 脚手架与各项远程验收脚本默认跟随 `v0.3.1`，新项目会固定到最新补丁版本。
+
+## v0.3.0
+
+- 新增公共适配器验收套件 `transport/transporttest.Run` 和远程消费验收脚本 `scripts/verifyTransports.py`。Gin、nethttp 使用同一套路由与业务处理链测试，并通过完整用户 CRUD 与 race 验证。
+- 统一参数、分组、方法、URL 解码、路由优先级及 404/405 规则；Gin 405 的 Allow 由适配层计算，避免方法树回退状态带入无关方法。
+- 统一路由注册校验；非法路径、重复路由、参数名冲突和 catch-all 冲突在注册时 panic。
+- `App.Handle` / `RouterGroup.Handle` 支持在完整业务中间件链内显式注册 HEAD、OPTIONS 与扩展方法。
+- JSON 在提交响应前编码，编码失败可正确返回统一 500；通过 Context 已提交的响应不会因后续错误、panic 或重复响应追加内容，访问日志保留实际提交的状态。
+- 验证 requestId 与业务日志关联、认证授权短路、请求并发隔离、context 值与 deadline 保留，以及真实客户端取消传入 Service。
+- **升级行为调整**：Gin 不再自动重定向尾部斜杠；nethttp 不再忽略尾部斜杠，通配参数包含开头的 `/`，Any 收敛为九种标准方法。HEAD 不自动回退 GET，其他方法需显式注册。404/405 为统一纯文本响应，405 附排序后的 Allow。
+- `gin.NewWithEngine` 应用 GoOmni 路由策略；原生 Gin 扩展与 Raw 流式响应不属于可移植契约。详见 `transport/README.md`。
+- 新增业务试用验收 `scripts/verifyBusiness.py`：独立目录内固定远程版本，执行 `v0.2.0` → `v0.3.0` 升级，验证生成业务服务的配置、日志、requestId、CRUD、参数校验、错误映射和优雅退出。
+
+## v0.2.0
+
+- 新增 `go-omni new --database mysql`，生成数据库配置、MySQL Repository、ServiceContext、`schema.sql` 和数据库就绪探针；默认仍使用内存存储。
+- 两种存储模式的脚手架均提供完整 CRUD、分页、输入校验与统一响应。新生成项目的 `POST /users` 从直接返回用户对象改为标准响应封装，用户对象位于 `data`。
+- MySQL 启动时检查连接和表结构，失败时清理连接池；数据库停机后 readiness 返回 503，恢复后自动重新检查。
+- MySQL Repository 支持 `*sql.DB` 和 `*sql.Tx`，可在同一事务中复用业务查询。
+- 修复 `MaxIdleConns=0` 未生效的问题，数据库健康检查增加超时限制。
+- 新增隔离 MySQL 容器验收脚本，覆盖真实 CRUD、事务提交和错误/panic/取消回滚、持久化、资源清理及数据库停机恢复。
+
 ## v0.1.1

 - 修复脚手架生成项目固定依赖不存在的 `v0.0.0`；远程安装的 CLI 默认使用自身版本，支持 `--framework-version` 指定完整版本号。
--- a/PERFORMANCE.md
+++ b/PERFORMANCE.md
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# GoOmni 性能基线
+
+这份基线用于比较未来自研网络层，不代表生产容量承诺。测试只测进程内请求分发和 GoOmni 请求链，不包含真实 TCP、TLS、数据库或业务存储延迟。
+
+运行：
+
+```sh
+python3 scripts/verifyPerformance.py
+```
+
+本次记录环境：Go 1.25.0、darwin/arm64、Apple M2 Max；每项连续运行 3 次：
+
+```text
+BenchmarkTransportRouteDispatch/nethttp  568–671 ns/op  1344 B/op  13 allocs/op
+BenchmarkTransportApplicationRequest/nethttp  2017–2208 ns/op  3091 B/op  34 allocs/op
+```
+
+`BenchmarkTransportRouteDispatch` 只覆盖标准库路由、路径参数和 `http.Handler` 调用；`BenchmarkTransportApplicationRequest` 还包含 GoOmni Context、RequestID、统一 JSON 响应和默认中间件链。
+
+比较新网络层时，应使用相同 Go 版本、机器和 benchmark 命令，并同时运行 `-race` 全量测试。性能下降需要结合分配次数、取消传播、错误响应和业务契约结果一起判断。
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,17 +1,19 @@
 # GoOmni

-GoOmni 是一套面向业务复用的 Go 后端基础框架。当前默认用 Gin 作为网络适配器，业务代码只依赖 GoOmni 的 transport-neutral API，后续可以替换为自研网络层。
+GoOmni 是一套面向业务复用的 Go 后端基础框架。当前默认使用只依赖标准库的网络适配器，业务代码只依赖 GoOmni 的 transport-neutral API，后续可以替换为自研网络层。

 远程 module 地址是 `git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni`。业务项目可以直接引用指定版本：

 ```sh
-go get git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni@v0.1.1
+go get git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni@v0.4.0
 ```

+`v0.4.0` 移除了 Gin 和 Gin 专属的 `WithMode` 配置；`omni.New()` 直接使用标准库路由，已有业务 Handler / Service 无需修改。
+
 创建新业务项目：

 ```sh
-go install git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/cmd/go-omni@v0.1.1
+go install git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/cmd/go-omni@v0.4.0
 go-omni new --module example.com/billing ./billing
 cd billing
 go mod tidy
@@ -21,6 +23,10 @@ go run ./cmd/server
 远程安装的 CLI 默认引用自身版本，生成的项目不需要本地 `replace`。
 具体版本和本地开发选项见 [CLI 文档](cmd/go-omni/README.md)。

+需要数据库持久化时，使用 `go-omni new --database mysql --module example.com/billing ./billing`。
+生成项目包含完整用户 CRUD、数据库 Repository、ServiceContext、建表脚本和就绪探针。
+先应用生成的 `schema.sql`，再配置 `GO_OMNI_DB_DSN`；启动时会检查连接与表结构，退出时释放连接池。
+
 ## 目录结构

 ```text
@@ -36,7 +42,7 @@ go-omni/
 ├── validate/     # 参数校验
 ├── auth/         # 认证和权限接口
 ├── database/     # database/sql 生命周期和事务
-├── transport/gin/ # Gin 网络适配器，可替换
+├── transport/nethttp/ # 标准库网络适配器
 ├── examples/     # 示例项目
 └── cmd/          # go-omni 项目脚手架
 ```
@@ -76,17 +82,19 @@ func main() {
 return omni.NotFound("USER_NOT_FOUND", "user was not found")
 ```

-默认 Gin 适配器位于 `transport/gin`。业务层不需要导入 Gin；如果后续实现自己的网络层，只需要实现 `httpx.Router` / `httpx.RouterGroup`，然后通过 `omni.NewWithRouter` 启动应用：
+默认网络适配器位于 `transport/nethttp`。业务层不需要导入具体网络库；如果后续实现自己的网络层，只需要实现 `httpx.Router` / `httpx.RouterGroup`，然后通过 `omni.NewWithRouter` 启动应用：

 ```go
 application := omni.NewWithRouter(myRouter)
 ```

-仓库还提供了只依赖标准库的 `transport/nethttp` 参考实现，可以直接验证这条替换路径。
+仓库还提供了使用标准库路由的 `transport/nethttp` 参考实现。两种适配器已通过同一套路由、业务处理链和取消传播测试，完整用户 CRUD 复用同一份 Handler / Service。

-`app.Engine()` 现在返回标准 `http.Handler`，`ctx.Raw()` 返回适配器提供的 `http.ResponseWriter`，避免业务 API 锁定 Gin 类型。
+自研适配器可以直接运行 `transport/transporttest.Run` 验收。具体规则、v0.4.0 的斜杠 / Any / 405 行为调整，以及自研网络内核与当前 HTTP 接口的边界，见 [适配层契约](transport/README.md)。

-业务代码可以直接使用 `git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx` 打结构化日志，不需要依赖 Gin：
+`app.Engine()` 返回标准 `http.Handler`，`ctx.Raw()` 返回适配器提供的 `http.ResponseWriter`，业务 API 不锁定具体网络实现。
+
+业务代码可以直接使用 `git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx` 打结构化日志，不需要依赖具体网络库：

 ```go
 func (s *UserService) Create(ctx *httpx.Context) error {
@@ -148,7 +156,11 @@ application.GET("/health/ready", checker.ReadinessHandler())
 新项目脚手架会生成项目自己的 `internal/servicecontext`。它集中保存 Logger、数据库、缓存和外部客户端，Service 只依赖这个项目上下文，不把基础设施初始化散落到各个 Handler：

 ```go
-services := servicecontext.New(logger, users)
+services, err := servicecontext.New(ctx, logger)
+if err != nil {
+	return err
+}
+defer services.Close()
 userService := service.NewUsers(services)
 ```

@@ -156,6 +168,16 @@ userService := service.NewUsers(services)

 [`examples/reference`](examples/reference/README.md) 提供按 Handler / Service / Repository / Model 分层的用户 CRUD 示例。默认使用并发安全的内存存储，支持分页、邮箱唯一校验、结构化请求日志和统一错误，无需配置数据库。

+从远程版本生成并升级一个独立业务模块，可运行：
+
+```sh
+python3 scripts/verifyBusiness.py --version v0.4.0
+```
+
+该验收会在临时目录中先固定 `v0.2.0`，再升级到 `v0.4.0`，检查无本地 replace、配置加载、结构化日志、requestId、CRUD、校验错误、业务错误和优雅退出。
+
+标准库路由和完整 GoOmni 请求链的可重复性能基线见 [PERFORMANCE.md](PERFORMANCE.md)，运行 `python3 scripts/verifyPerformance.py` 可重新采样。
+
 在框架根目录运行：

 ```sh
@@ -164,7 +186,7 @@ go run ./examples/reference

 默认地址为 `http://127.0.0.1:8080`。示例文档提供完整的 curl 操作流程。数据只保存在内存中，重启后清空。

-框架的 `App` 也实现了标准 `http.Handler`，可以直接用于 `http.Server` 和 `httptest.NewServer`；业务路由可通过 `*omni.RouterGroup` 注册，无需导入 Gin。
+框架的 `App` 也实现了标准 `http.Handler`，可以直接用于 `http.Server` 和 `httptest.NewServer`；业务路由可通过 `*omni.RouterGroup` 注册，无需导入网络库。

 ## 当前边界

--- a/ROADMAP.md
+++ b/ROADMAP.md
@@ -8,21 +8,37 @@
 - 自动验收入口：`python3 scripts/verifyScaffold.py --version v0.1.1`。
 - 已通过全量 race 测试、vet、build，以及从远程提交安装 CLI 后的无 replace 端到端验收；覆盖生成服务和 `App.Run` 的两种退出信号。

-## 2. 业务数据接入（待完成）
+## 2. 业务数据接入（已完成，v0.2.0）

 - 数据库初始化、Repository 和 ServiceContext 组合成完整业务启动流程。
 - Readiness 注册数据库探针，启动失败与服务退出时清理连接池。
 - 验收：真实数据库 CRUD、事务回滚、数据库不可用时 readiness 返回 503。
+- `go-omni new --database mysql` 已生成完整数据接入流程，默认内存模式仍然可用。
+- 独立 MySQL 8.4 容器已验证 CRUD、唯一邮箱、分页、服务重启持久化、事务提交与错误/panic/取消回滚。
+- 已验证初始化失败、缺少表结构、正常退出时关闭连接池，以及数据库停止后的 readiness 503、恢复后的 200。
+- 自动验收入口：`python3 scripts/verifyDatabase.py --version v0.2.0`；结束后清理本次测试容器、匿名卷和临时项目。

-## 3. 网络适配一致性（待完成）
+## 3. 网络适配一致性（已完成，v0.4.0）

- Gin 与标准库适配器运行同一套契约测试。
+- 标准库适配器运行公共契约测试，并为自研网络层保留相同的接入边界。
 - 覆盖路由参数、分组、中间件、错误响应和取消传播。
 - 验收：切换适配器后，业务 Handler 和 Service 无需修改，约定的 HTTP 行为一致。
+- 新增公共 `transport/transporttest.Run`，自研适配器可直接复用；覆盖静态 / 参数 / 通配路由、分组、405 Allow、鉴权短路、错误与 panic、响应提交、requestId、并发隔离、截止时间及真实客户端取消。
+- 标准库路由实现明确的路径、方法、尾部斜杠、通配参数、Any 和 404/405 约定；不再引入 Gin 依赖。
+- 完整用户 CRUD 已用标准库适配器验证；自研适配器可直接复用同一公共契约测试包。
+- 自动验收入口：`python3 scripts/verifyTransports.py --version v0.4.0`，从源码目录外消费远程版本与公共契约测试包。

-## 4. 实际业务试用（待完成）
+## 4. 实际业务试用（已完成，v0.4.0）

- 在一个实际业务模块中使用远程固定版本，验证配置、日志、错误处理和升级流程。
- 根据真实接入问题收敛公共 API，再评估稳定版范围。
+- 在独立业务目录生成 billing service，先固定远程 `v0.2.0`，再升级到 `v0.4.0`，全程无本地 replace。
+- 验证环境配置、结构化访问日志、requestId 关联、参数校验、业务错误映射、CRUD、优雅退出和升级后的 race 测试。
+- 业务试用没有要求修改 Handler / Service；现有公共 API 足以支撑一套分层业务模块。
+- 自动验收入口：`python3 scripts/verifyBusiness.py --version v0.4.0`。

-以上阶段以验收结果判断完成。当前仍是基础框架试用阶段，数据库生产验收、自研网络内核与实际业务接入尚未完成。
+## 5. 稳定性与性能基线（进行中）
+
+- 已加入标准库路由和完整 GoOmni 请求链 benchmark，输出分配次数和耗时，作为未来自研网络层的对照基线。
+- 已具备全量 race、vet、build 验收；生产压测、长连接和真实部署规模验证仍待完成。
+- 自动验收入口：`python3 scripts/verifyPerformance.py`。
+
+以上阶段以验收结果判断完成。当前仍是基础框架试用阶段；MySQL、适配层契约和一次业务模块试用已完成，稳定性与性能验证、自研网络内核尚未完成。
--- a/app/app.go
+++ b/app/app.go
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import (
 	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/httpx"
 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/middleware"
-	ginrouter "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/transport/gin"
+	netrouter "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/transport/nethttp"
 )

 // App is the top-level GoOmni application. Its public behavior depends on
@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@ type App struct {
 	closeErr    error
 }

-// New creates an application using the default Gin adapter.
+// New creates an application using GoOmni's standard-library router.
 func New(options ...config.Option) *App {
 	settings := configure(options...)
-	return newApp(ginrouter.New(settings.Mode), settings)
+	return newApp(netrouter.New(), settings)
 }

 // NewWithRouter creates an application with a custom network layer. A custom
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ func newApp(router httpx.Router, settings config.Config) *App {
 func (a *App) Router() httpx.Router { return a.router }

 // Engine is kept as a compatibility name for the old API. It returns a
-// standard http.Handler, so callers no longer need a Gin type.
+// standard http.Handler, so callers do not depend on a router type.
 func (a *App) Engine() http.Handler { return a.router }

 // ServeHTTP implements http.Handler for standard servers and HTTP tests.
--- a/app/router.go
+++ b/app/router.go
@@ -28,6 +28,12 @@ func (a *App) adapt(handler httpx.Handler, middleware ...httpx.Middleware) http.
 	})
 }

+// Handle registers an explicit method, including HEAD, OPTIONS and extension
+// methods, through the same business middleware and error handling as GET.
+func (a *App) Handle(method, path string, handler httpx.Handler, middleware ...httpx.Middleware) {
+	a.handle(a.router, method, path, handler, middleware)
+}
+
 func (a *App) GET(path string, handler httpx.Handler, middleware ...httpx.Middleware) {
 	a.handle(a.router, http.MethodGet, path, handler, middleware)
 }
@@ -80,6 +86,11 @@ func (g *RouterGroup) route(method, path string, handler httpx.Handler, middlewa
 	g.app.handle(g.group, method, path, handler, combined)
 }

+// Handle registers an explicit method within this group's middleware chain.
+func (g *RouterGroup) Handle(method, path string, handler httpx.Handler, middleware ...httpx.Middleware) {
+	g.route(method, path, handler, middleware)
+}
+
 func (g *RouterGroup) GET(path string, handler httpx.Handler, middleware ...httpx.Middleware) {
 	g.route(http.MethodGet, path, handler, middleware)
 }
--- a/app_test.go
+++ b/app_test.go
@@ -8,12 +8,10 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
-
-	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
 )

 func TestAppReturnsStandardResponse(t *testing.T) {
-	app := New(WithMode(gin.TestMode))
+	app := New()
 	app.GET("/health", func(ctx *Context) error {
 		return ctx.OK(map[string]string{"status": "ok"})
 	})
@@ -41,7 +39,7 @@ func TestAppReturnsStandardResponse(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestAppReturnsAPIError(t *testing.T) {
-	app := New(WithMode(gin.TestMode))
+	app := New()
 	app.GET("/users/:id", func(ctx *Context) error {
 		return NotFound("USER_NOT_FOUND", "user was not found")
 	})
@@ -63,7 +61,7 @@ func TestAppReturnsAPIError(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestAppRecoversFromPanic(t *testing.T) {
-	app := New(WithMode(gin.TestMode))
+	app := New()
 	app.GET("/panic", func(ctx *Context) error {
 		panic("boom")
 	})
@@ -85,7 +83,7 @@ func TestAppRecoversFromPanic(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestAppRunContextShutsDownGracefully(t *testing.T) {
-	app := New(WithMode(gin.TestMode), WithShutdownTimeout(time.Second))
+	app := New(WithShutdownTimeout(time.Second))
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
 	done := make(chan error, 1)
 	go func() { done <- app.RunContext(ctx, "127.0.0.1:0") }()
@@ -102,7 +100,7 @@ func TestAppRunContextShutsDownGracefully(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestAppClosesResourcesInReverseOrder(t *testing.T) {
-	app := New(WithMode(gin.TestMode))
+	app := New()
 	var closed []string
 	app.OnShutdown(func() error {
 		closed = append(closed, "database")
--- a/auth/auth_test.go
+++ b/auth/auth_test.go
@@ -9,11 +9,10 @@ import (

 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/auth"
-	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
 )

 func TestRequireAuthAndRole(t *testing.T) {
-	app := omni.New(omni.WithMode(gin.TestMode))
+	app := omni.New()
 	authenticator := auth.StaticAuthenticator{"good-token": {UserID: "user-1", Roles: []string{"user"}}}
 	private := app.Group("/private", auth.RequireAuth(authenticator))
 	private.GET("/me", func(ctx *omni.Context) error {
@@ -62,7 +61,7 @@ func TestRequireAuthAndRole(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestOptionalAuth(t *testing.T) {
-	app := omni.New(omni.WithMode(gin.TestMode))
+	app := omni.New()
 	app.GET("/public", func(ctx *omni.Context) error {
 		principal, authenticated := auth.FromContext(ctx)
 		return ctx.OK(map[string]any{"authenticated": authenticated, "userId": principal.UserID})
--- a/cmd/go-omni/README.md
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/README.md
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 从远程安装，生成一个带 Handler / Service / Repository / Model 分层的服务骨架：

 ```sh
-go install git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/cmd/go-omni@v0.1.1
+go install git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/cmd/go-omni@v0.4.0
 go-omni new --module example.com/billing ./billing
 cd billing
 go mod tidy
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ go run ./cmd/server
 需要选择其他已发布版本时，使用完整版本号：

 ```sh
-go-omni new --framework-version v0.1.1 --module example.com/billing ./billing
+go-omni new --framework-version v0.4.0 --module example.com/billing ./billing
 ```

 `--framework-version` 禁用自动本地替换；`main`、`latest` 等浮动引用不接受为固定版本。
@@ -32,13 +32,24 @@ go-omni new --framework-version v0.1.1 --module example.com/billing ./billing
 go-omni new --framework-dir /path/to/go-omni --module example.com/billing ./billing
 ```

-生成服务默认包含 `/health/live`、`/health/ready` 和示例 `POST /users`。
+默认生成内存存储版本；选择 MySQL 时：
+
+```sh
+go-omni new --database mysql --module example.com/billing ./billing
+```
+
+MySQL 项目额外包含 `schema.sql`、MySQL Repository 和可选的数据库集成测试。
+先应用建表脚本，再设置 `GO_OMNI_DB_DSN` 启动。ServiceContext 负责连接池初始化、表结构检查、
+就绪探针注册和关闭。两种模式都提供用户 CRUD、分页、输入校验和统一错误响应。
+
+生成服务默认包含 `/health/live`、`/health/ready` 和示例 `/users` CRUD。
 退出信号通过 `signal.NotifyContext` 传入 `RunContext`，Logger 的关闭函数注册到应用生命周期。

 发布验收使用 Python 3 标准库脚本，不需要额外 Python 依赖：

 ```sh
-python3 scripts/verifyScaffold.py --version v0.1.1
+python3 scripts/verifyScaffold.py --version v0.4.0
+python3 scripts/verifyDatabase.py --version v0.4.0
 ```

 脚本在源码目录外安装远程 CLI、生成项目，确认固定版本且没有 `replace`，再下载依赖、
@@ -50,4 +61,7 @@ python3 scripts/verifyScaffold.py --version v0.1.1
 ```sh
 go build -o /tmp/go-omni ./cmd/go-omni
 python3 scripts/verifyScaffold.py --cli /tmp/go-omni --framework-dir .
+python3 scripts/verifyDatabase.py --cli /tmp/go-omni --framework-dir .
 ```
+
+数据库验收需要本地 Docker，使用独立 MySQL 8.4 容器；不会连接已有业务数据库，结束后清理测试容器与数据卷。
--- a/cmd/go-omni/main.go
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/main.go
@@ -39,6 +39,17 @@ func runNew(args []string) error {
 		switch {
 		case arg == "--force":
 			options.Force = true
+		case arg == "--database":
+			if index+1 >= len(args) || strings.TrimSpace(args[index+1]) == "" {
+				return errors.New("--database requires memory or mysql")
+			}
+			index++
+			options.Database = args[index]
+		case strings.HasPrefix(arg, "--database="):
+			options.Database = strings.TrimPrefix(arg, "--database=")
+			if strings.TrimSpace(options.Database) == "" {
+				return errors.New("--database requires memory or mysql")
+			}
 		case arg == "--module":
 			if index+1 >= len(args) {
 				return errors.New("--module requires a value")
@@ -95,4 +106,5 @@ func usage() {
 	fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  go-omni new [--module <module>] [--force] <directory>")
 	fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  --framework-version <version>  Pin a remote framework version (defaults to CLI version)")
 	fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  --framework-dir <directory>    Use a local framework checkout")
+	fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "  --database <memory|mysql>       Select generated storage (default memory)")
 }
--- a/cmd/go-omni/main_test.go
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/main_test.go
@@ -31,3 +31,21 @@ func TestNewRejectsEmptyFrameworkVersion(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+func TestNewMySQLDatabaseOptions(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, flag := range [][]string{{"--database", "mysql"}, {"--database=mysql"}} {
+		project := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "billing")
+		args := append([]string{"--module", "example.com/billing"}, flag...)
+		if err := runNew(append(args, project)); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(project, "schema.sql")); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, args := range [][]string{{"--database"}, {"--database="}, {"--database", " "}} {
+		if err := runNew(args); err == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("accepted missing database type: %v", args)
+		}
+	}
+}
--- a/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/scaffold.go
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/scaffold.go
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"embed"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"go/format"
 	"io/fs"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ type Options struct {
 	Module           string
 	FrameworkDir     string
 	FrameworkVersion string
+	Database         string
 	Force            bool
 }

@@ -30,6 +32,8 @@ var files = map[string]string{
 	"README.md":                          "templates/README.md.tmpl",
 	"cmd/server/main.go":                 "templates/cmd-server-main.go.tmpl",
 	"internal/model/user.go":             "templates/internal-model-user.go.tmpl",
+	"internal/model/errors.go":           "templates/internal-model-errors.go.tmpl",
+	"internal/repository/users.go":       "templates/internal-repository-users.go.tmpl",
 	"internal/repository/memory.go":      "templates/internal-repository-memory.go.tmpl",
 	"internal/servicecontext/context.go": "templates/internal-servicecontext-context.go.tmpl",
 	"internal/service/user.go":           "templates/internal-service-user.go.tmpl",
@@ -44,6 +48,13 @@ func Generate(options Options) error {
 	if strings.TrimSpace(options.Module) == "" {
 		return errors.New("module path is required")
 	}
+	database := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(options.Database))
+	if database == "" {
+		database = "memory"
+	}
+	if database != "memory" && database != "mysql" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unsupported database %q: choose memory or mysql", database)
+	}
 	version := strings.TrimSpace(options.FrameworkVersion)
 	if version == "" {
 		version = currentFrameworkVersion()
@@ -72,17 +83,34 @@ func Generate(options Options) error {
 		Module:           options.Module,
 		FrameworkVersion: version,
 		FrameworkReplace: replace,
+		Database:         database,
 	}
-	paths := make([]string, 0, len(files))
-	for path := range files {
+	projectFiles := make(map[string]string, len(files)+3)
+	for path, source := range files {
+		projectFiles[path] = source
+	}
+	if database == "mysql" {
+		projectFiles["internal/repository/mysql.go"] = "templates/internal-repository-mysql.go.tmpl"
+		projectFiles["schema.sql"] = "templates/schema.sql.tmpl"
+		projectFiles["internal/servicecontext/databaseIntegration_test.go"] = "templates/databaseIntegration_test.go.tmpl"
+	}
+	paths := make([]string, 0, len(projectFiles))
+	for path := range projectFiles {
 		paths = append(paths, path)
 	}
 	sort.Strings(paths)
 	for _, path := range paths {
-		content, err := render(files[path], data)
+		content, err := render(projectFiles[path], data)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("render %s: %w", path, err)
 		}
+		if strings.HasSuffix(path, ".go") {
+			formatted, err := format.Source([]byte(content))
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("format %s: %w", path, err)
+			}
+			content = string(formatted)
+		}
 		target := filepath.Join(directory, filepath.FromSlash(path))
 		if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(target), 0o755); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("create %s: %w", filepath.Dir(path), err)
@@ -105,6 +133,7 @@ type templateData struct {
 	Module           string
 	FrameworkVersion string
 	FrameworkReplace string
+	Database         string
 }

 func render(name string, data templateData) (string, error) {
--- a/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/scaffold_test.go
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/scaffold_test.go
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ func TestGenerateCreatesServiceLayout(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("read generated server: %v", err)
 	}
-	for _, expected := range []string{"config.LoadFromEnv(\"\")", "logx.SetDefault(logger)", "omni.WithConfig(settings)", "servicecontext.New(logger, users)", "health.New()", "application.RunContext(ctx, settings.Address)"} {
+	for _, expected := range []string{"config.LoadFromEnv(\"\")", "logx.SetDefault(logger)", "omni.WithConfig(settings)", "servicecontext.New(ctx, logger)", "services.Health.ReadinessHandler()", "application.RunContext(ctx, settings.Address)"} {
 		if !strings.Contains(string(mainContent), expected) {
 			t.Fatalf("generated server missing %q: %s", expected, mainContent)
 		}
@@ -56,6 +56,35 @@ func TestGenerateRejectsNonEmptyDirectory(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }

+func TestGenerateMySQLLayout(t *testing.T) {
+	project := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "billing")
+	if err := Generate(Options{Dir: project, Module: "example.com/billing", Database: "mysql", FrameworkDir: frameworkRoot(t)}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for _, path := range []string{"schema.sql", "internal/repository/mysql.go", "internal/repository/users.go", "internal/model/errors.go", "internal/servicecontext/databaseIntegration_test.go"} {
+		if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(project, path)); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+	content, err := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(project, "go.mod"))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(string(content), "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.9.3") {
+		t.Fatal("mysql driver version is not pinned")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGenerateRejectsUnknownDatabaseBeforeWriting(t *testing.T) {
+	project := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "billing")
+	if err := Generate(Options{Dir: project, Module: "example.com/billing", Database: "unknown"}); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("accepted unknown backend")
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(project); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Fatalf("invalid backend created files: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestFrameworkReplaceUsesCanonicalPaths(t *testing.T) {
 	root := frameworkRoot(t)
 	project := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "generated")
--- a/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/README.md.tmpl
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/README.md.tmpl
@@ -4,6 +4,26 @@ This service was generated with `go-omni new`.

 Framework dependency: `git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni {{.FrameworkVersion}}`.

+Storage: `{{.Database}}`.
+
+{{if eq .Database "mysql"}}
+先创建业务数据库，再执行项目的建表脚本（替换示例数据库名、账号和地址）：
+
+```sh
+mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -u app -p app < schema.sql
+```
+
+配置数据库连接后启动；初始化失败或缺少表结构时，服务会退出并关闭已创建的连接池：
+
+```sh
+export GO_OMNI_DB_DSN='app:password@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/app?parseTime=true'
+```
+
+应用只检查表结构，不会自动建库、建表或迁移。MySQL 驱动由本项目注册，核心框架仍依赖标准库 `database/sql`。
+{{else}}
+默认使用进程内存存储，服务重启后数据清空。需要 MySQL 时，生成新项目时选择 `--database mysql`。
+{{end}}
+
 ```sh
 go mod tidy
 go run ./cmd/server
@@ -26,10 +46,59 @@ go build -o server ./cmd/server
 ./server
 ```

-`GO_OMNI_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT` 控制等待请求完成的时间，默认 `10s`。健康探针目前没有
-数据库依赖检查；接入数据库后需要向 Checker 注册探针。
+`GO_OMNI_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT` 控制等待请求完成的时间，默认 `10s`。
+{{if eq .Database "mysql"}}
+`/health/ready` 已注册数据库探针：连接失败返回 `503`，数据库恢复后重新返回 `200`。
+`/health/live` 始终只检查服务存活。`GO_OMNI_DB_PING_TIMEOUT` 限制初始化检查和数据库探针的等待时间。
+退出时先排空 HTTP 请求，再关闭数据库连接池，最后关闭日志。

-The generated layout keeps HTTP handlers, business services, repositories,
-models and a project-owned ServiceContext separate. Replace the memory
-repository with a database implementation when the service is ready for
-persistence, then add it to `internal/servicecontext`.
+数据库连接池参数：
+
+```text
+GO_OMNI_DB_MAX_OPEN_CONNS=10
+GO_OMNI_DB_MAX_IDLE_CONNS=5
+GO_OMNI_DB_CONN_MAX_LIFETIME=30m
+GO_OMNI_DB_CONN_MAX_IDLE_TIME=5m
+GO_OMNI_DB_PING_TIMEOUT=5s
+```
+
+`MAX_IDLE_CONNS=0` 禁用空闲连接，`MAX_OPEN_CONNS=0` 表示不限制连接数。
+项目会启用 MySQL `parseTime` 并按 UTC 读取 DATETIME 字段，JSON 字段保持 lowerCamelCase。
+
+事务内复用 Repository（在业务代码中导入 `database/sql` 和项目的 `internal/repository`）：
+
+```go
+err := services.DB.InTx(ctx, nil, func(tx *sql.Tx) error {
+	users := repository.NewMySQLUsers(tx)
+	_, err := users.Create(ctx, input)
+	return err
+})
+```
+
+业务函数返回错误、发生 panic 或 context 取消时会回滚。事务内必须使用基于 `tx` 创建的 Repository。
+
+可选集成测试（只针对已应用 schema.sql 的独立测试数据库）：
+
+```sh
+GO_OMNI_TEST_MYSQL_DSN='app:password@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/test?parseTime=true' go test -race ./...
+```
+
+未设置 `GO_OMNI_TEST_MYSQL_DSN` 时跳过数据库集成测试。框架仓库中的 `scripts/verifyDatabase.py`
+可以自动创建、验收和清理独立的 MySQL 容器。
+{{else}}
+内存模式没有外部依赖探针；后续添加依赖时，在 `internal/servicecontext` 注册检查与资源清理。
+{{end}}
+
+示例接口（无认证，接入实际业务时按项目需求添加认证中间件）：
+
+| 方法 | 路径 | 说明 |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| POST | `/users` | 创建，JSON 包含 name、email |
+| GET | `/users/:id` | 查询 |
+| GET | `/users?page=1&pageSize=20` | 分页 |
+| PUT | `/users/:id` | 更新 name、email |
+| DELETE | `/users/:id` | 删除，返回 204 |
+
+接口使用 GoOmni 统一响应，包含 code、message、data 和 requestId。邮箱按小写存储，重复返回 409；
+无效输入返回 400，找不到记录返回 404。项目按 Handler / Service / Repository / Model 分层，
+基础依赖集中放在 `internal/servicecontext`。
--- a/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/cmd-server-main.go.tmpl
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/cmd-server-main.go.tmpl
@@ -10,10 +10,8 @@ import (

 	omni "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/config"
-	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/health"
 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx"
 	"{{.Module}}/internal/handler"
-	"{{.Module}}/internal/repository"
 	"{{.Module}}/internal/service"
 	"{{.Module}}/internal/servicecontext"
 )
@@ -43,19 +41,17 @@ func run() error {
 	// Access logs and business logs share the same configured sink.
 	logx.SetDefault(logger)

-	users := repository.NewMemoryUsers()
-	services := servicecontext.New(logger, users)
+	services, err := servicecontext.New(ctx, logger)
+	if err != nil { return err }
+	defer services.Close()
 	userService := service.NewUsers(services)
 	userHandler := handler.NewUsers(userService)
-	checker, err := health.New()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}

 	application := omni.New(omni.WithConfig(settings))
 	application.OnShutdown(logger.Close)
-	application.GET("/health/live", checker.LivenessHandler())
-	application.GET("/health/ready", checker.ReadinessHandler())
+	application.OnShutdown(services.Close)
+	application.GET("/health/live", services.Health.LivenessHandler())
+	application.GET("/health/ready", services.Health.ReadinessHandler())
 	userHandler.RegisterRoutes(application)
 	return application.RunContext(ctx, settings.Address)
 }
--- a/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/databaseIntegration_test.go.tmpl
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/databaseIntegration_test.go.tmpl
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+package servicecontext_test
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/database"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx"
+	"{{.Module}}/internal/model"
+	"{{.Module}}/internal/repository"
+	"{{.Module}}/internal/servicecontext"
+)
+
+// These tests require a dedicated database with schema.sql applied. Ordinary
+// go test runs skip them; scripts/verifyDatabase.py provisions an isolated DB.
+func databaseContext(t *testing.T) *servicecontext.Context {
+	t.Helper()
+	dsn := os.Getenv("GO_OMNI_TEST_MYSQL_DSN")
+	if dsn == "" { t.Skip("set GO_OMNI_TEST_MYSQL_DSN to a dedicated test database") }
+	for _, key := range []string{"MAX_OPEN_CONNS", "MAX_IDLE_CONNS", "CONN_MAX_LIFETIME", "CONN_MAX_IDLE_TIME", "PING_TIMEOUT"} {
+		t.Setenv("GO_OMNI_DB_"+key, "")
+	}
+	t.Setenv("GO_OMNI_DB_DSN", dsn)
+	t.Setenv("GO_OMNI_DB_DRIVER", "mysql")
+	logger, err := logx.New(logx.Config{Writer: io.Discard})
+	if err != nil { t.Fatal(err) }
+	t.Cleanup(func() { _ = logger.Close() })
+	services, err := servicecontext.New(context.Background(), logger)
+	if err != nil { t.Fatal(err) }
+	t.Cleanup(func() { _ = services.Close() })
+	return services
+}
+
+func TestDatabaseTransactions(t *testing.T) {
+	services := databaseContext(t)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	for _, mode := range []string{"commit", "error", "panic", "cancel"} {
+		t.Run(mode, func(t *testing.T) {
+			email := fmt.Sprintf("transaction-%d-%s@example.com", time.Now().UnixNano(), mode)
+			t.Cleanup(func() { _, _ = services.DB.ExecContext(ctx, "DELETE FROM users WHERE email = ?", email) })
+			txCtx, cancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
+			defer cancel()
+			abort := errors.New("abort business operation")
+			var err error
+			var recovered any
+			func() {
+				defer func() { recovered = recover() }()
+				err = services.DB.InTx(txCtx, nil, func(tx *sql.Tx) error {
+					users := repository.NewMySQLUsers(tx)
+					if _, err := users.Create(txCtx, model.UserInput{Name: "transaction", Email: email}); err != nil { return err }
+					switch mode {
+					case "error": return abort
+					case "panic": panic(abort)
+					case "cancel": cancel(); return txCtx.Err()
+					}
+					return nil
+				})
+			}()
+			switch mode {
+			case "commit": if err != nil || recovered != nil { t.Fatalf("commit: error=%v panic=%v", err, recovered) }
+			case "error": if !errors.Is(err, abort) { t.Fatalf("lost business error: %v", err) }
+			case "panic": if recovered != abort { t.Fatalf("lost panic: %v", recovered) }
+			case "cancel": if !errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) { t.Fatalf("lost cancellation: %v", err) }
+			}
+			var count int
+			if err := services.DB.QueryRowContext(ctx, "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users WHERE email = ?", email).Scan(&count); err != nil { t.Fatal(err) }
+			want := 0
+			if mode == "commit" { want = 1 }
+			if count != want { t.Fatalf("%s persisted %d rows, want %d", mode, count, want) }
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDatabasePoolHealthAndClose(t *testing.T) {
+	services := databaseContext(t)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	if result := services.Health.Check(ctx); !result.Ready() || len(result.Checks) != 1 { t.Fatalf("missing database readiness: %+v", result) }
+
+	cfg := services.DB.Config()
+	cfg.MaxOpenConns, cfg.MaxIdleConns = 1, 0
+	pool, err := database.Open(ctx, cfg)
+	if err != nil { t.Fatal(err) }
+	if idle := pool.Stats().Idle; idle != 0 { t.Fatalf("zero idle config retained %d connections", idle) }
+	_ = pool.Close()
+
+	cfg.MaxIdleConns, cfg.PingTimeout = 1, 50*time.Millisecond
+	pool, err = database.Open(ctx, cfg)
+	if err != nil { t.Fatal(err) }
+	defer pool.Close()
+	connection, err := pool.Conn(ctx)
+	if err != nil { t.Fatal(err) }
+	defer connection.Close()
+	started := time.Now()
+	err = pool.Health(ctx)
+	if !errors.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded) || time.Since(started) > time.Second { t.Fatalf("health did not bound pool waiting: %v", err) }
+
+	if err := services.Close(); err != nil { t.Fatal(err) }
+	if err := services.Close(); err != nil { t.Fatal(err) }
+	if result := services.Health.Check(ctx); result.Ready() { t.Fatal("closed database was still ready") }
+}
--- a/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/go.mod.tmpl
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/go.mod.tmpl
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ module {{.Module}}
 go 1.22

 require git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni {{.FrameworkVersion}}
+{{if eq .Database "mysql"}}require github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.9.3
+{{end}}
 {{- if .FrameworkReplace}}
 replace git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni => {{.FrameworkReplace}}
 {{- end}}
--- a/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/internal-handler-user.go.tmpl
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/internal-handler-user.go.tmpl
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 package handler

 import (
+	"errors"
 	"net/http"

-	omni "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
 	"{{.Module}}/internal/model"
 	"{{.Module}}/internal/service"
 )
@@ -12,20 +13,109 @@ type Users struct {
 	service *service.Users
 }

-func NewUsers(service *service.Users) *Users { return &Users{service: service} }
+func NewUsers(service *service.Users) *Users {
+	return &Users{service: service}
+}

 func (h *Users) RegisterRoutes(application *omni.App) {
-	application.POST("/users", h.Create)
+	users := application.Group("/users")
+	users.POST("", h.Create)
+	users.GET("", h.List)
+	users.GET("/:id", h.Get)
+	users.PUT("/:id", h.Update)
+	users.DELETE("/:id", h.Delete)
+}
+
+// HTTP-specific validation tags stay here, outside the business model.
+type userBody struct {
+	Name  string `json:"name" binding:"required,max=100"`
+	Email string `json:"email" binding:"required,email,max=254"`
+}
+
+type userPath struct {
+	ID int64 `uri:"id" binding:"gt=0"`
+}
+
+type listQuery struct {
+	Page     int `form:"page,default=1" binding:"gte=1"`
+	PageSize int `form:"pageSize,default=20" binding:"gte=1,lte=100"`
 }

 func (h *Users) Create(ctx *omni.Context) error {
-	var input model.UserInput
-	if err := ctx.BindJSON(&input); err != nil {
+	var body userBody
+	if err := ctx.BindJSON(&body); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	user, err := h.service.Create(ctx.Context(), input)
+	user, err := h.service.Create(ctx.Request().Context(), model.UserInput(body))
 	if err != nil {
+		return userError(err)
+	}
+	return ctx.Created(user)
+}
+
+func (h *Users) Get(ctx *omni.Context) error {
+	var path userPath
+	if err := ctx.BindURI(&path); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	user, err := h.service.Get(ctx.Request().Context(), path.ID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return userError(err)
+	}
+	return ctx.OK(user)
+}
+
+func (h *Users) List(ctx *omni.Context) error {
+	var query listQuery
+	if err := ctx.BindQuery(&query); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	page, err := h.service.List(ctx.Request().Context(), query.Page, query.PageSize)
+	if err != nil {
+		return userError(err)
+	}
+	return ctx.OK(page)
+}
+
+func (h *Users) Update(ctx *omni.Context) error {
+	var path userPath
+	if err := ctx.BindURI(&path); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	var body userBody
+	if err := ctx.BindJSON(&body); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	user, err := h.service.Update(ctx.Request().Context(), path.ID, model.UserInput(body))
+	if err != nil {
+		return userError(err)
+	}
+	return ctx.OK(user)
+}
+
+func (h *Users) Delete(ctx *omni.Context) error {
+	var path userPath
+	if err := ctx.BindURI(&path); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := h.service.Delete(ctx.Request().Context(), path.ID); err != nil {
+		return userError(err)
+	}
+	return ctx.NoContent()
+}
+
+func userError(err error) error {
+	switch {
+	case errors.Is(err, model.ErrUserNotFound):
+		return omni.NotFound("USER_NOT_FOUND", "user was not found").WithCause(err)
+	case errors.Is(err, model.ErrEmailTaken):
+		return omni.NewError(http.StatusConflict, "EMAIL_TAKEN", "email is already in use").WithCause(err)
+	case errors.Is(err, model.ErrInvalidUser):
+		return omni.BadRequest("INVALID_USER", "name or email is invalid").WithCause(err)
+	case errors.Is(err, model.ErrInvalidPage):
+		return omni.BadRequest("INVALID_QUERY", "pagination is invalid").WithCause(err)
+	default:
+		// GoOmni masks unexpected errors; internal details stay in server logs.
 		return err
 	}
-	return ctx.JSON(http.StatusCreated, user)
 }
--- a/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/internal-model-errors.go.tmpl
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/internal-model-errors.go.tmpl
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+package model
+
+import "errors"
+
+// Domain errors are translated into HTTP responses only by the handler layer.
+var (
+	ErrUserNotFound = errors.New("user not found")
+	ErrEmailTaken   = errors.New("email already in use")
+	ErrInvalidUser  = errors.New("invalid user")
+	ErrInvalidPage  = errors.New("invalid pagination")
+)
--- a/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/internal-model-user.go.tmpl
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/internal-model-user.go.tmpl
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package model

 import "time"

+// User is the business entity; it has no dependency on HTTP or a database driver.
 type User struct {
 	ID        int64     `json:"id"`
 	Name      string    `json:"name"`
@@ -10,7 +11,15 @@ type User struct {
 	UpdatedAt time.Time `json:"updatedAt"`
 }

+// UserInput is shared by creation and full replacement (PUT).
 type UserInput struct {
-	Name  string `json:"name"`
-	Email string `json:"email"`
+	Name  string
+	Email string
+}
+
+type UserPage struct {
+	Items    []User `json:"items"`
+	Total    int    `json:"total"`
+	Page     int    `json:"page"`
+	PageSize int    `json:"pageSize"`
 }
--- a/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/internal-repository-memory.go.tmpl
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/internal-repository-memory.go.tmpl
@@ -2,30 +2,125 @@ package repository

 import (
 	"context"
+	"sort"
 	"sync"
 	"time"

 	"{{.Module}}/internal/model"
 )

-type UserRepository interface {
-	Create(context.Context, model.UserInput) (model.User, error)
-}
-
+// MemoryUsers stores data only for this process. Replace it with a database
+// implementation of UserRepository when persistence is required.
 type MemoryUsers struct {
-	mu     sync.Mutex
+	mu     sync.RWMutex
+	users  map[int64]model.User
+	emails map[string]int64
 	nextID int64
-	users  []model.User
 }

-func NewMemoryUsers() *MemoryUsers { return &MemoryUsers{nextID: 1} }
+func NewMemoryUsers() *MemoryUsers {
+	return &MemoryUsers{
+		users:  make(map[int64]model.User),
+		emails: make(map[string]int64),
+		nextID: 1,
+	}
+}

-func (r *MemoryUsers) Create(_ context.Context, input model.UserInput) (model.User, error) {
+func (r *MemoryUsers) Create(ctx context.Context, input model.UserInput) (model.User, error) {
 	r.mu.Lock()
 	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+	if err := ctx.Err(); err != nil {
+		return model.User{}, err
+	}
+	if _, exists := r.emails[input.Email]; exists {
+		return model.User{}, model.ErrEmailTaken
+	}
 	now := time.Now().UTC()
-	user := model.User{ID: r.nextID, Name: input.Name, Email: input.Email, CreatedAt: now, UpdatedAt: now}
+	user := model.User{
+		ID: r.nextID, Name: input.Name, Email: input.Email,
+		CreatedAt: now, UpdatedAt: now,
+	}
 	r.nextID++
-	r.users = append(r.users, user)
+	r.users[user.ID] = user
+	r.emails[user.Email] = user.ID
 	return user, nil
 }
+
+func (r *MemoryUsers) Get(ctx context.Context, id int64) (model.User, error) {
+	r.mu.RLock()
+	defer r.mu.RUnlock()
+	if err := ctx.Err(); err != nil {
+		return model.User{}, err
+	}
+	user, exists := r.users[id]
+	if !exists {
+		return model.User{}, model.ErrUserNotFound
+	}
+	return user, nil
+}
+
+func (r *MemoryUsers) List(ctx context.Context, page, pageSize int) (model.UserPage, error) {
+	if page < 1 || pageSize < 1 || pageSize > 100 {
+		return model.UserPage{}, model.ErrInvalidPage
+	}
+	r.mu.RLock()
+	if err := ctx.Err(); err != nil {
+		r.mu.RUnlock()
+		return model.UserPage{}, err
+	}
+	users := make([]model.User, 0, len(r.users))
+	for _, user := range r.users {
+		users = append(users, user)
+	}
+	r.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	// A stable order is essential: Go map iteration order changes between calls.
+	sort.Slice(users, func(i, j int) bool { return users[i].ID < users[j].ID })
+	result := model.UserPage{
+		Items: []model.User{}, Total: len(users), Page: page, PageSize: pageSize,
+	}
+	// Check the page before multiplying so even a very large page cannot overflow.
+	if len(users) == 0 || page-1 > (len(users)-1)/pageSize {
+		return result, nil
+	}
+	start := (page - 1) * pageSize
+	count := min(pageSize, len(users)-start)
+	result.Items = users[start : start+count]
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+func (r *MemoryUsers) Update(ctx context.Context, id int64, input model.UserInput) (model.User, error) {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+	if err := ctx.Err(); err != nil {
+		return model.User{}, err
+	}
+	user, exists := r.users[id]
+	if !exists {
+		return model.User{}, model.ErrUserNotFound
+	}
+	if owner, exists := r.emails[input.Email]; exists && owner != id {
+		return model.User{}, model.ErrEmailTaken
+	}
+	delete(r.emails, user.Email)
+	user.Name, user.Email = input.Name, input.Email
+	user.UpdatedAt = time.Now().UTC()
+	r.users[id] = user
+	r.emails[user.Email] = id
+	return user, nil
+}
+
+func (r *MemoryUsers) Delete(ctx context.Context, id int64) error {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+	if err := ctx.Err(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	user, exists := r.users[id]
+	if !exists {
+		return model.ErrUserNotFound
+	}
+	delete(r.users, id)
+	delete(r.emails, user.Email)
+	return nil
+}
--- a/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/internal-repository-mysql.go.tmpl
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/internal-repository-mysql.go.tmpl
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+package repository
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"errors"
+
+	"{{.Module}}/internal/model"
+	"github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
+)
+
+// SQLExecutor is implemented by both *sql.DB and *sql.Tx. A repository created
+// with a transaction keeps all of its queries on that same transaction.
+type SQLExecutor interface {
+	ExecContext(context.Context, string, ...any) (sql.Result, error)
+	QueryContext(context.Context, string, ...any) (*sql.Rows, error)
+	QueryRowContext(context.Context, string, ...any) *sql.Row
+}
+
+// MySQLUsers is the persistent implementation of UserRepository.
+// The schema is documented in schema.sql; migrations stay outside the framework.
+type MySQLUsers struct {
+	db SQLExecutor
+}
+
+func NewMySQLUsers(db SQLExecutor) *MySQLUsers {
+	return &MySQLUsers{db: db}
+}
+
+// CheckSchema validates that the application's migration has been applied.
+// Runtime startup never creates or alters tables.
+func (r *MySQLUsers) CheckSchema(ctx context.Context) error {
+	rows, err := r.db.QueryContext(ctx, `SELECT id, name, email, created_at, updated_at FROM users LIMIT 0`)
+	if err != nil { return err }
+	return rows.Close()
+}
+
+func (r *MySQLUsers) Create(ctx context.Context, input model.UserInput) (model.User, error) {
+	result, err := r.db.ExecContext(ctx, `
+		INSERT INTO users (name, email, created_at, updated_at)
+		VALUES (?, ?, UTC_TIMESTAMP(6), UTC_TIMESTAMP(6))`, input.Name, input.Email)
+	if err != nil {
+		return model.User{}, mapMySQLError(err)
+	}
+	id, err := result.LastInsertId()
+	if err != nil {
+		return model.User{}, err
+	}
+	return r.Get(ctx, id)
+}
+
+func (r *MySQLUsers) Get(ctx context.Context, id int64) (model.User, error) {
+	var user model.User
+	err := r.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, `
+		SELECT id, name, email, created_at, updated_at
+		FROM users WHERE id = ?`, id).Scan(
+		&user.ID, &user.Name, &user.Email, &user.CreatedAt, &user.UpdatedAt,
+	)
+	if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+		return model.User{}, model.ErrUserNotFound
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return model.User{}, err
+	}
+	return user, nil
+}
+
+func (r *MySQLUsers) List(ctx context.Context, page, pageSize int) (model.UserPage, error) {
+	if page < 1 || pageSize < 1 || pageSize > 100 { return model.UserPage{}, model.ErrInvalidPage }
+	var total int
+	if err := r.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, `SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users`).Scan(&total); err != nil {
+		return model.UserPage{}, err
+	}
+	result := model.UserPage{Items: []model.User{}, Total: total, Page: page, PageSize: pageSize}
+	if total == 0 || page-1 > (total-1)/pageSize {
+		return result, nil
+	}
+	offset := (page - 1) * pageSize
+	rows, err := r.db.QueryContext(ctx, `
+		SELECT id, name, email, created_at, updated_at
+		FROM users ORDER BY id LIMIT ? OFFSET ?`, pageSize, offset)
+	if err != nil {
+		return model.UserPage{}, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var user model.User
+		if err := rows.Scan(&user.ID, &user.Name, &user.Email, &user.CreatedAt, &user.UpdatedAt); err != nil {
+			return model.UserPage{}, err
+		}
+		result.Items = append(result.Items, user)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return model.UserPage{}, err
+	}
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+func (r *MySQLUsers) Update(ctx context.Context, id int64, input model.UserInput) (model.User, error) {
+	result, err := r.db.ExecContext(ctx, `
+		UPDATE users SET name = ?, email = ?, updated_at = UTC_TIMESTAMP(6)
+		WHERE id = ?`, input.Name, input.Email, id)
+	if err != nil {
+		return model.User{}, mapMySQLError(err)
+	}
+	changed, err := result.RowsAffected()
+	if err != nil {
+		return model.User{}, err
+	}
+	if changed == 0 {
+		// MySQL may report zero affected rows when the replacement is identical;
+		// distinguish that from an ID that does not exist.
+		return r.Get(ctx, id)
+	}
+	return r.Get(ctx, id)
+}
+
+func (r *MySQLUsers) Delete(ctx context.Context, id int64) error {
+	result, err := r.db.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM users WHERE id = ?`, id)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	deleted, err := result.RowsAffected()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if deleted == 0 {
+		return model.ErrUserNotFound
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func mapMySQLError(err error) error {
+	var mysqlErr *mysql.MySQLError
+	if errors.As(err, &mysqlErr) && mysqlErr.Number == 1062 {
+		return model.ErrEmailTaken
+	}
+	return err
+}
--- a/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/internal-repository-users.go.tmpl
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/internal-repository-users.go.tmpl
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package repository
+
+import (
+"context"
+"{{.Module}}/internal/model"
+)
+
+// UserRepository describes the storage operations the business needs.
+// Implementations must atomically enforce unique, normalized email addresses.
+type UserRepository interface {
+	Create(context.Context, model.UserInput) (model.User, error)
+	Get(context.Context, int64) (model.User, error)
+	List(context.Context, int, int) (model.UserPage, error)
+	Update(context.Context, int64, model.UserInput) (model.User, error)
+	Delete(context.Context, int64) error
+}
--- a/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/internal-service-user.go.tmpl
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/internal-service-user.go.tmpl
@@ -2,20 +2,61 @@ package service

 import (
 	"context"
+	"net/mail"
+	"strings"
+	"unicode/utf8"

 	"{{.Module}}/internal/model"
 	"{{.Module}}/internal/servicecontext"
 )

 type Users struct {
-	context *servicecontext.Context
+	services *servicecontext.Context
 }

-func NewUsers(context *servicecontext.Context) *Users {
-	return &Users{context: context}
+func NewUsers(services *servicecontext.Context) *Users {
+	return &Users{services: services}
 }

 func (s *Users) Create(ctx context.Context, input model.UserInput) (model.User, error) {
-	// Put business normalization and rules here.
-	return s.context.Users.Create(ctx, input)
+	input, err := normalize(input)
+	if err != nil {
+		return model.User{}, err
+	}
+	return s.services.Users.Create(ctx, input)
+}
+
+func (s *Users) Get(ctx context.Context, id int64) (model.User, error) {
+	return s.services.Users.Get(ctx, id)
+}
+
+func (s *Users) List(ctx context.Context, page, pageSize int) (model.UserPage, error) {
+	if page < 1 || pageSize < 1 || pageSize > 100 {
+		return model.UserPage{}, model.ErrInvalidPage
+	}
+	return s.services.Users.List(ctx, page, pageSize)
+}
+
+func (s *Users) Update(ctx context.Context, id int64, input model.UserInput) (model.User, error) {
+	input, err := normalize(input)
+	if err != nil {
+		return model.User{}, err
+	}
+	return s.services.Users.Update(ctx, id, input)
+}
+
+func (s *Users) Delete(ctx context.Context, id int64) error {
+	return s.services.Users.Delete(ctx, id)
+}
+
+func normalize(input model.UserInput) (model.UserInput, error) {
+	input.Name = strings.TrimSpace(input.Name)
+	// This example treats the entire email address as case-insensitive.
+	input.Email = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(input.Email))
+	address, err := mail.ParseAddress(input.Email)
+	if input.Name == "" || utf8.RuneCountInString(input.Name) > 100 ||
+		len(input.Email) > 254 || err != nil || address.Address != input.Email {
+		return model.UserInput{}, model.ErrInvalidUser
+	}
+	return input, nil
 }
--- a/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/internal-servicecontext-context.go.tmpl
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/internal-servicecontext-context.go.tmpl
@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
 package servicecontext

 import (
+	"context"
+	{{if eq .Database "mysql"}}"fmt"
+	"time"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/database"
+	"github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"{{end}}
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/health"
 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx"
 	"{{.Module}}/internal/repository"
 )
@@ -10,8 +16,51 @@ import (
 type Context struct {
 	Logger *logx.Logger
 	Users  repository.UserRepository
+	Health *health.Checker
+	{{if eq .Database "mysql"}}DB *database.DB{{end}}
 }

-func New(logger *logx.Logger, users repository.UserRepository) *Context {
-	return &Context{Logger: logger, Users: users}
+// New initializes the project's dependencies before the HTTP listener opens.
+// The caller owns Logger; Close releases only resources created here.
+func New(ctx context.Context, logger *logx.Logger) (*Context, error) {
+	if ctx == nil { ctx = context.Background() }
+	if err := ctx.Err(); err != nil { return nil, err }
+	checker, err := health.New()
+	if err != nil { return nil, err }
+	services := &Context{Logger: logger, Health: checker}
+	{{if eq .Database "mysql"}}
+	cfg, err := database.ConfigFromEnv("")
+	if err != nil { return nil, err }
+	if cfg.Driver != "mysql" { return nil, fmt.Errorf("this project requires GO_OMNI_DB_DRIVER=mysql") }
+	dsn, err := mysql.ParseDSN(cfg.DSN)
+	if err != nil { return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse mysql connection settings: %w", err) }
+	if dsn.DBName == "" { return nil, fmt.Errorf("mysql connection settings require a database name") }
+	// DATETIME columns are returned as time.Time in UTC in the business model.
+	dsn.ParseTime = true
+	dsn.Loc = time.UTC
+	cfg.DSN = dsn.FormatDSN()
+	db, err := database.Open(ctx, cfg)
+	if err != nil { return nil, err }
+	users := repository.NewMySQLUsers(db.DB)
+	checkCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, cfg.PingTimeout)
+	defer cancel()
+	if err := users.CheckSchema(checkCtx); err != nil {
+		_ = db.Close()
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("check users schema (apply schema.sql before starting): %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := checker.Add(health.Probe{Name: "database", Timeout: cfg.PingTimeout, Check: db.Health}); err != nil {
+		_ = db.Close()
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	services.DB, services.Users = db, users
+	{{else}}
+	services.Users = repository.NewMemoryUsers()
+	{{end}}
+	return services, nil
+}
+
+// Close is safe to call on startup failure and again during application exit.
+func (c *Context) Close() error {
+	{{if eq .Database "mysql"}}if c != nil && c.DB != nil { return c.DB.Close() }{{end}}
+	return nil
 }
--- a/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/schema.sql.tmpl
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/templates/schema.sql.tmpl
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+CREATE TABLE users (
+    id BIGINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
+    name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
+    email VARCHAR(254) NOT NULL,
+    created_at DATETIME(6) NOT NULL,
+    updated_at DATETIME(6) NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (id),
+    UNIQUE KEY uq_users_email (email)
+) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_bin;
--- a/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/version.go
+++ b/cmd/go-omni/scaffold/version.go
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ const frameworkModule = "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
 // Source builds can carry an unpublished VCS version (including +dirty).
 // Keep this fallback in sync with the next release; installed CLIs use their
 // downloaded module version, which also has a module checksum.
-const defaultFrameworkVersion = "v0.1.1"
+const defaultFrameworkVersion = "v0.4.0"

 var frameworkVersionPattern = regexp.MustCompile(`^v[01]\.(0|[1-9][0-9]*)\.(0|[1-9][0-9]*)(-((0|[1-9][0-9]*|[0-9]*[A-Za-z-][0-9A-Za-z-]*)(\.(0|[1-9][0-9]*|[0-9]*[A-Za-z-][0-9A-Za-z-]*))*))?(\+[0-9A-Za-z-]+(\.[0-9A-Za-z-]+)*)?$`)

--- a/config/config.go
+++ b/config/config.go
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ const defaultRequestIDHeader = "X-Request-ID"

 // Config controls the default runtime behavior of an App.
 type Config struct {
-	Mode            string
 	Address         string
 	RequestIDHeader string
 	EnableLogger    bool
@@ -53,11 +52,6 @@ func (e *ConfigError) Error() string { return "config " + e.Field + " " + e.Mess
 // Option changes an App's configuration.
 type Option func(*Config)

-// WithMode sets the default transport's running mode.
-func WithMode(mode string) Option {
-	return func(cfg *Config) { cfg.Mode = mode }
-}
-
 // WithRequestIDHeader changes the header used to read and return request IDs.
 func WithRequestIDHeader(header string) Option {
 	return func(cfg *Config) {
--- a/config/config_test.go
+++ b/config/config_test.go
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import (

 func TestLoadFromEnvUsesDefaults(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, key := range []string{
-		"GO_OMNI_MODE", "GO_OMNI_HTTP_ADDR", "GO_OMNI_REQUEST_ID_HEADER", "GO_OMNI_ENABLE_LOGGER",
+		"GO_OMNI_HTTP_ADDR", "GO_OMNI_REQUEST_ID_HEADER", "GO_OMNI_ENABLE_LOGGER",
 		"GO_OMNI_LOG_LEVEL", "GO_OMNI_LOG_FORMAT", "GO_OMNI_LOG_OUTPUT",
 		"GO_OMNI_LOG_FILE", "GO_OMNI_SERVICE", "GO_OMNI_ENVIRONMENT",
 		"GO_OMNI_LOG_ADD_SOURCE", "GO_OMNI_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT",
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ func TestLoadFromEnvUsesDefaults(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestLoadFromEnvOverridesSettings(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv("GO_OMNI_MODE", "release")
 	t.Setenv("GO_OMNI_HTTP_ADDR", "127.0.0.1:9090")
 	t.Setenv("GO_OMNI_REQUEST_ID_HEADER", "X-Correlation-ID")
 	t.Setenv("GO_OMNI_ENABLE_LOGGER", "true")
@@ -45,7 +44,7 @@ func TestLoadFromEnvOverridesSettings(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if cfg.Mode != "release" || cfg.Address != "127.0.0.1:9090" || cfg.RequestIDHeader != "X-Correlation-ID" || !cfg.EnableLogger {
+	if cfg.Address != "127.0.0.1:9090" || cfg.RequestIDHeader != "X-Correlation-ID" || !cfg.EnableLogger {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected application settings: %+v", cfg)
 	}
 	if cfg.ShutdownTimeout != 3*time.Second || cfg.Log.Level != "debug" || cfg.Log.Format != "text" || cfg.Log.Output != "stdout" || cfg.Log.Service != "billing" || cfg.Log.Environment != "test" || !cfg.Log.AddSource {
@@ -80,11 +79,10 @@ func TestLoadFromEnvRejectsInvalidValues(t *testing.T) {

 func TestWithConfigAndWithLogConfig(t *testing.T) {
 	settings := Default()
-	settings.Mode = "release"
 	settings.Log.Service = "orders"
 	cfg := Default()
 	WithConfig(settings)(&cfg)
-	if cfg.Mode != "release" || cfg.Log.Service != "orders" {
+	if cfg.Log.Service != "orders" {
 		t.Fatalf("complete config was not applied: %+v", cfg)
 	}

--- a/config/env.go
+++ b/config/env.go
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ func LoadFromEnv(prefix string) (Config, error) {
 		prefix = defaultEnvPrefix
 	}
 	cfg := Default()
-	cfg.Mode = envString(prefix+"MODE", cfg.Mode)
 	cfg.Address = envString(prefix+"HTTP_ADDR", cfg.Address)
 	cfg.RequestIDHeader = envString(prefix+"REQUEST_ID_HEADER", cfg.RequestIDHeader)
 	cfg.Log.Level = envString(prefix+"LOG_LEVEL", cfg.Log.Level)
--- a/database/README.md
+++ b/database/README.md
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@

 - `Config` / `ConfigFromEnv`：连接池参数和 `GO_OMNI_DB_*` 环境变量。
 - `Open`：创建连接池、设置连接上限并在返回前执行 `PingContext`。
- `Health`：用于就绪检查。
+- `Health`：用于就绪检查，等待连接和 Ping 均受 `PingTimeout` 限制。
 - `InTx`：统一事务提交和回滚；工作函数返回错误或 panic 时回滚。
 - `Close`：由嵌入的 `*sql.DB` 提供，应用退出时显式调用。

@@ -18,7 +18,13 @@ import (
 )

 cfg, err := database.ConfigFromEnv("GO_OMNI_DB_")
+if err != nil {
+	return err
+}
 db, err := database.Open(context.Background(), cfg)
+if err != nil {
+	return err
+}
 defer db.Close()
 ```

@@ -35,3 +41,18 @@ GO_OMNI_DB_PING_TIMEOUT=5s
 ```

 `DSN` 必填，驱动默认是 `mysql`。数据库建库、迁移、表结构和具体 Repository 属于业务项目或可选模块，不会被核心包自动执行。
+
+`MaxIdleConns=0` 会禁用空闲连接。初始化 Ping 失败会关闭已创建的连接池。
+
+`go-omni new --database mysql` 会生成项目自己的 MySQL Repository、ServiceContext、
+数据库就绪探针和 `schema.sql`。核心包不需要知道业务表结构。
+
+真实数据库验收（需要本地 Docker）：
+
+```sh
+python3 scripts/verifyDatabase.py --version v0.2.0
+```
+
+脚本仅操作本次创建的独立容器与数据库，验证 HTTP CRUD、服务重启持久化、事务提交与
+错误/panic/取消回滚、连接池关闭、缺少表结构时启动失败，以及停库后的 readiness 503 和恢复后的 200。
+结束时清理容器、匿名数据卷和临时项目。常规 `go test ./...` 不依赖 Docker。
--- a/database/database.go
+++ b/database/database.go
@@ -93,6 +93,9 @@ type DB struct {
 }

 func Open(ctx context.Context, cfg Config) (*DB, error) {
+	if ctx == nil {
+		ctx = context.Background()
+	}
 	if err := cfg.Validate(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -103,9 +106,9 @@ func Open(ctx context.Context, cfg Config) (*DB, error) {
 	if cfg.MaxOpenConns > 0 {
 		db.SetMaxOpenConns(cfg.MaxOpenConns)
 	}
-	if cfg.MaxIdleConns > 0 {
-		db.SetMaxIdleConns(cfg.MaxIdleConns)
-	}
+	// database/sql uses zero to disable idle connections; do not leave its
+	// default pool size in place when the caller explicitly chooses zero.
+	db.SetMaxIdleConns(cfg.MaxIdleConns)
 	db.SetConnMaxLifetime(cfg.ConnMaxLifetime)
 	db.SetConnMaxIdleTime(cfg.ConnMaxIdleTime)
 	checkCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, cfg.PingTimeout)
@@ -123,7 +126,12 @@ func (db *DB) Health(ctx context.Context) error {
 	if db == nil || db.DB == nil {
 		return errors.New("database is not initialized")
 	}
-	return db.PingContext(ctx)
+	if ctx == nil {
+		ctx = context.Background()
+	}
+	checkCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, db.config.PingTimeout)
+	defer cancel()
+	return db.PingContext(checkCtx)
 }

 // InTx commits only when work returns nil. Any work error or panic rolls back.
--- a/database/lifecycle_test.go
+++ b/database/lifecycle_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+package database
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"database/sql/driver"
+	"errors"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+var failedPingClosed atomic.Int32
+var errPingUnavailable = errors.New("database unavailable")
+
+type failedPingDriver struct{}
+type failedPingConnection struct{}
+
+func (failedPingDriver) Open(string) (driver.Conn, error) { return failedPingConnection{}, nil }
+func (failedPingConnection) Prepare(string) (driver.Stmt, error) {
+	return nil, errors.New("not implemented")
+}
+func (failedPingConnection) Begin() (driver.Tx, error)  { return nil, errors.New("not implemented") }
+func (failedPingConnection) Close() error               { failedPingClosed.Add(1); return nil }
+func (failedPingConnection) Ping(context.Context) error { return errPingUnavailable }
+
+func init() { sql.Register("goOmniFailPing", failedPingDriver{}) }
+
+func TestOpenClosesPoolWhenStartupPingFails(t *testing.T) {
+	failedPingClosed.Store(0)
+	cfg := DefaultConfig()
+	cfg.Driver, cfg.DSN = "goOmniFailPing", "test"
+	pool, err := Open(context.Background(), cfg)
+	if pool != nil || !errors.Is(err, errPingUnavailable) {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected startup result: db=%v err=%v", pool, err)
+	}
+	if closed := failedPingClosed.Load(); closed != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("startup failure closed %d connections, want 1", closed)
+	}
+}
--- a/examples/reference/README.md
+++ b/examples/reference/README.md
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ examples/reference/

 调用路径：HTTP → Handler → Service → Repository。

- Handler 依赖 GoOmni，示例代码不导入 Gin，也不调用 `Engine()` / `Raw()`。
- Service、Repository、Model 不依赖 GoOmni 或 Gin，通过标准 `context.Context` 传递请求取消信号。
+- Handler 依赖 GoOmni，示例代码不导入具体网络库，也不调用 `Engine()` / `Raw()`。
+- Service、Repository、Model 不依赖 GoOmni 或网络库，通过标准 `context.Context` 传递请求取消信号。
 - JSON 校验标签留在 Handler 的请求结构上；业务模型没有 HTTP 绑定标签。
 - Service 返回业务错误，由 Handler 映射为 HTTP 错误；未知错误交给框架转换成通用 500 响应。
 - 通过 `application.Group("/api/v1", handler.RequestLog(logger))` 挂载自定义中间件，再注册 `/users` 子路由。日志记录请求 ID、耗时和返回错误；panic 由框架恢复中间件处理。
@@ -156,4 +156,6 @@ go vet ./...
 go build ./...
 ```

+`TestUserCRUD` 使用标准库适配器运行完整业务注册代码；同一套 Handler、Service、Repository 也可通过 `omni.NewWithRouter` 接入自研适配器。
+
 测试覆盖完整 CRUD、认证和角色权限、校验失败、分页边界、邮箱冲突及失败更新、删除后重用邮箱、请求 ID、日志关联、内部错误隐藏、并发唯一性、取消请求不修改数据、数据库配置解析和 HTTP 优雅退出。MySQL 测试不自动连接外部数据库。
--- a/examples/reference/main.go
+++ b/examples/reference/main.go
@@ -20,26 +20,24 @@ import (

 func newApp(users service.UserRepository, logger *logx.Logger, options ...omni.Option) *omni.App {
 	application := omni.New(options...)
-	application.GET("/health", func(ctx *omni.Context) error {
-		return ctx.OK(map[string]string{"status": "ok"})
-	})
-
-	api := application.Group("/api/v1", handler.RequestLog(logger))
-	handler.NewUsers(service.NewUsers(users)).RegisterRoutes(api, nil, nil)
+	registerRoutes(application, users, logger, nil, nil)
 	return application
 }

 func newProtectedApp(users service.UserRepository, logger *logx.Logger, authenticator auth.Authenticator, options ...omni.Option) *omni.App {
 	application := omni.New(options...)
+	registerRoutes(application, users, logger, auth.RequireAuth(authenticator), auth.RequireRole("admin"))
+	return application
+}
+
+// Registration and business layers are shared by every network adapter.
+func registerRoutes(application *omni.App, users service.UserRepository, logger *logx.Logger, write, delete omni.Middleware) {
 	application.GET("/health", func(ctx *omni.Context) error {
 		return ctx.OK(map[string]string{"status": "ok"})
 	})

 	api := application.Group("/api/v1", handler.RequestLog(logger))
-	write := auth.RequireAuth(authenticator)
-	delete := auth.RequireRole("admin")
 	handler.NewUsers(service.NewUsers(users)).RegisterRoutes(api, write, delete)
-	return application
 }

 func main() {
--- a/examples/reference/main_test.go
+++ b/examples/reference/main_test.go
@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@ import (
 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/auth"
 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/examples/reference/model"
 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/examples/reference/repository"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/httpx"
 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx"
+	netrouter "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/transport/nethttp"
 )

 type envelope struct {
@@ -29,7 +31,7 @@ type envelope struct {
 }

 func testApp() *omni.App {
-	return newApp(repository.NewMemoryUsers(), testLogger(io.Discard), omni.WithMode("test"))
+	return newApp(repository.NewMemoryUsers(), testLogger(io.Discard))
 }

 func testLogger(writer io.Writer) *logx.Logger {
@@ -84,7 +86,6 @@ func TestProtectedWriteRoutes(t *testing.T) {
 		repository.NewMemoryUsers(),
 		testLogger(io.Discard),
 		auth.StaticAuthenticator{"user-token": {UserID: "user-1", Roles: []string{"user"}}},
-		omni.WithMode("test"),
 	)
 	request(t, app, "POST", "/api/v1/users", `{"name":"Alice","email":"alice@example.com"}`, 401, "UNAUTHENTICATED")
 	created := dataAs[model.User](t, requestWithAuthorization(t, app, "POST", "/api/v1/users", `{"name":"Alice","email":"alice@example.com"}`, "Bearer user-token", 201, "CREATED"))
@@ -103,7 +104,22 @@ func dataAs[T any](t *testing.T, value envelope) T {
 }

 func TestUserCRUD(t *testing.T) {
-	app := testApp()
+	for _, adapter := range []struct {
+		name      string
+		newRouter func() httpx.Router
+	}{
+		{"nethttp", func() httpx.Router { return netrouter.New() }},
+	} {
+		t.Run(adapter.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			application := omni.NewWithRouter(adapter.newRouter())
+			registerRoutes(application, repository.NewMemoryUsers(), testLogger(io.Discard), nil, nil)
+			checkUserCRUD(t, application)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func checkUserCRUD(t *testing.T, app *omni.App) {
+	t.Helper()
 	health := dataAs[map[string]string](t, request(t, app, "GET", "/health", "", 200, "OK"))
 	if health["status"] != "ok" {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected health: %v", health)
@@ -207,7 +223,7 @@ func TestErrorTranslationAndRequestLogging(t *testing.T) {
 	} {
 		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			var logs bytes.Buffer
-			app := newApp(failingUsers{repository.NewMemoryUsers(), test.err}, testLogger(&logs), omni.WithMode("test"))
+			app := newApp(failingUsers{repository.NewMemoryUsers(), test.err}, testLogger(&logs))
 			result := request(t, app, "GET", "/api/v1/users/1", "", test.status, test.code)
 			if strings.Contains(result.Message, test.err.Error()) || len(result.Data) != 0 {
 				t.Fatalf("internal error details leaked: %+v", result)
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -3,36 +3,19 @@ module git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni
 go 1.22

 require (
-	github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.10.0
 	github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.20.0
 	github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.9.3
 )

 require (
 	filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.11.6 // indirect
-	github.com/bytedance/sonic/loader v0.1.1 // indirect
-	github.com/cloudwego/base64x v0.1.4 // indirect
-	github.com/cloudwego/iasm v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.3 // indirect
-	github.com/gin-contrib/sse v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-playground/locales v0.14.1 // indirect
 	github.com/go-playground/universal-translator v0.18.1 // indirect
-	github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.2 // indirect
-	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 // indirect
-	github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.7 // indirect
 	github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.4.0 // indirect
-	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
-	github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd // indirect
-	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 // indirect
-	github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.2.2 // indirect
-	github.com/twitchyliquid64/golang-asm v0.15.1 // indirect
-	github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.12 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/arch v0.8.0 // indirect
+	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.9.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/crypto v0.23.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/net v0.25.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sys v0.20.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/text v0.15.0 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.34.1 // indirect
-	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
 )
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -1,22 +1,9 @@
 filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0 h1:FNf4tywRC1HmFuKW5xopWpigGjJKiJSV0Cqo0cJWDaA=
 filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0/go.mod h1:BxyFTGdWcka3PhytdK4V28tE5sGfRvvvRV7EaN4VDT4=
-github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.11.6 h1:oUp34TzMlL+OY1OUWxHqsdkgC/Zfc85zGqw9siXjrc0=
-github.com/bytedance/sonic v1.11.6/go.mod h1:LysEHSvpvDySVdC2f87zGWf6CIKJcAvqab1ZaiQtds4=
-github.com/bytedance/sonic/loader v0.1.1 h1:c+e5Pt1k/cy5wMveRDyk2X4B9hF4g7an8N3zCYjJFNM=
-github.com/bytedance/sonic/loader v0.1.1/go.mod h1:ncP89zfokxS5LZrJxl5z0UJcsk4M4yY2JpfqGeCtNLU=
-github.com/cloudwego/base64x v0.1.4 h1:jwCgWpFanWmN8xoIUHa2rtzmkd5J2plF/dnLS6Xd/0Y=
-github.com/cloudwego/base64x v0.1.4/go.mod h1:0zlkT4Wn5C6NdauXdJRhSKRlJvmclQ1hhJgA0rcu/8w=
-github.com/cloudwego/iasm v0.2.0 h1:1KNIy1I1H9hNNFEEH3DVnI4UujN+1zjpuk6gwHLTssg=
-github.com/cloudwego/iasm v0.2.0/go.mod h1:8rXZaNYT2n95jn+zTI1sDr+IgcD2GVs0nlbbQPiEFhY=
-github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.0/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 h1:vj9j/u1bqnvCEfJOwUhtlOARqs3+rkHYY13jYWTU97c=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
 github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.3 h1:in2uUcidCuFcDKtdcBxlR0rJ1+fsokWf+uqxgUFjbI0=
 github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.3/go.mod h1:d8uq/6HKRL6CGdk+aubisF/M5GcPfT7nKyLpA0lbSSk=
-github.com/gin-contrib/sse v0.1.0 h1:Y/yl/+YNO8GZSjAhjMsSuLt29uWRFHdHYUb5lYOV9qE=
-github.com/gin-contrib/sse v0.1.0/go.mod h1:RHrZQHXnP2xjPF+u1gW/2HnVO7nvIa9PG3Gm+fLHvGI=
-github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.10.0 h1:nTuyha1TYqgedzytsKYqna+DfLos46nTv2ygFy86HFU=
-github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.10.0/go.mod h1:4PMNQiOhvDRa013RKVbsiNwoyezlm2rm0uX/T7kzp5Y=
 github.com/go-playground/assert/v2 v2.2.0 h1:JvknZsQTYeFEAhQwI4qEt9cyV5ONwRHC+lYKSsYSR8s=
 github.com/go-playground/assert/v2 v2.2.0/go.mod h1:VDjEfimB/XKnb+ZQfWdccd7VUvScMdVu0Titje2rxJ4=
 github.com/go-playground/locales v0.14.1 h1:EWaQ/wswjilfKLTECiXz7Rh+3BjFhfDFKv/oXslEjJA=
@@ -27,67 +14,19 @@ github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.20.0 h1:K9ISHbSaI0lyB2eWMPJo+kOS/FBEx
 github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.20.0/go.mod h1:dbuPbCMFw/DrkbEynArYaCwl3amGuJotoKCe95atGMM=
 github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.9.3 h1:U/N249h2WzJ3Ukj8SowVFjdtZKfu9vlLZxjPXV1aweo=
 github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.9.3/go.mod h1:qn46aNg1333BRMNU69Lq93t8du/dwxI64Gl8i5p1WMU=
-github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.2 h1:CrxCmQqYDkv1z7lO7Wbh2HN93uovUHgrECaO5ZrCXAU=
-github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.2/go.mod h1:6MelG93GURQebXPDq3khkgXZkazVtN9CRI+MGFi0w8I=
-github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.5 h1:Khx7svrCpmxxtHBq5j2mp/xVjsi8hQMfNLvJFAlrGgU=
-github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.5/go.mod h1:v8dTdLbMG2kIc/vJvl+f65V22dbkXbowE6jgT/gNBxE=
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 github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.4.0 h1:WT9HwE9SGECu3lg4d/dIA+jxlljEa1/ffXKmRjqdmIQ=
 github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.4.0/go.mod h1:bvxc+MVxLKB4z00jd1z+Dvzr47oO32F/QSNjSBOlFxI=
-github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 h1:xfD0iDuEKnDkl03q4limB+vH+GxLEtL/jb4xVJSWWEY=
-github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20/go.mod h1:W+V8PltTTMOvKvAeJH7IuucS94S2C6jfK/D7dTCTo3Y=
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-github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd h1:TRLaZ9cD/w8PVh93nsPXa1VrQ6jlwL5oN8l14QlcNfg=
-github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd/go.mod h1:6dJC0mAP4ikYIbvyc7fijjWJddQyLn8Ig3JB5CqoB9Q=
-github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 h1:xBagoLtFs94CBntxluKeaWgTMpvLxC4ur3nMaC9Gz0M=
-github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2/go.mod h1:yWuevngMOJpCy52FWWMvUC8ws7m/LJsjYzDa0/r8luk=
-github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.2.2 h1:aYUidT7k73Pcl9nb2gScu7NSrKCSHIDE89b3+6Wq+LM=
-github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.2.2/go.mod h1:1t835xjRzz80PqgE6HHgN2JOsmgYu/h4qDAS4n929Rs=
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 h1:4DBwDE0NGyQoBHbLQYPwSUPoCMWR5BEzIk/f1lZbAQM=
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0/go.mod h1:iKH77koFhYxTK1pcRnkKkqfTogsbg7gZNVY4sRDYZ/4=
-github.com/stretchr/objx v0.1.0/go.mod h1:HFkY916IF+rwdDfMAkV7OtwuqBVzrE8GR6GFx+wExME=
-github.com/stretchr/objx v0.4.0/go.mod h1:YvHI0jy2hoMjB+UWwv71VJQ9isScKT/TqJzVSSt89Yw=
-github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.0/go.mod h1:Yh+to48EsGEfYuaHDzXPcE3xhTkx73EhmCGUpEOglKo=
-github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.2/go.mod h1:FRsXN1f5AsAjCGJKqEizvkpNtU+EGNCLh3NxZ/8L+MA=
-github.com/stretchr/testify v1.3.0/go.mod h1:M5WIy9Dh21IEIfnGCwXGc5bZfKNJtfHm1UVUgZn+9EI=
-github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.0/go.mod h1:6Fq8oRcR53rry900zMqJjRRixrwX3KX962/h/Wwjteg=
-github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.1/go.mod h1:6Fq8oRcR53rry900zMqJjRRixrwX3KX962/h/Wwjteg=
-github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.0/go.mod h1:yNjHg4UonilssWZ8iaSj1OCr/vHnekPRkoO+kdMU+MU=
-github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.1/go.mod h1:w2LPCIKwWwSfY2zedu0+kehJoqGctiVI29o6fzry7u4=
-github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.4/go.mod h1:sz/lmYIOXD/1dqDmKjjqLyZ2RngseejIcXlSw2iwfAo=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.9.0 h1:HtqpIVDClZ4nwg75+f6Lvsy/wHu+3BoSGCbBAcpTsTg=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.9.0/go.mod h1:r2ic/lqez/lEtzL7wO/rwa5dbSLXVDPFyf8C91i36aY=
-github.com/twitchyliquid64/golang-asm v0.15.1 h1:SU5vSMR7hnwNxj24w34ZyCi/FmDZTkS4MhqMhdFk5YI=
-github.com/twitchyliquid64/golang-asm v0.15.1/go.mod h1:a1lVb/DtPvCB8fslRZhAngC2+aY1QWCk3Cedj/Gdt08=
-github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.12 h1:9LC83zGrHhuUA9l16C9AHXAqEV/2wBQ4nkvumAE65EE=
-github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.12/go.mod h1:UNopzCgEMSXjBc6AOMqYvWC1ktqTAfzJZUZgYf6w6lg=
-golang.org/x/arch v0.0.0-20210923205945-b76863e36670/go.mod h1:5om86z9Hs0C8fWVUuoMHwpExlXzs5Tkyp9hOrfG7pp8=
-golang.org/x/arch v0.8.0 h1:3wRIsP3pM4yUptoR96otTUOXI367OS0+c9eeRi9doIc=
-golang.org/x/arch v0.8.0/go.mod h1:FEVrYAQjsQXMVJ1nsMoVVXPZg6p2JE2mx8psSWTDQys=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.23.0 h1:dIJU/v2J8Mdglj/8rJ6UUOM3Zc9zLZxVZwwxMooUSAI=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.23.0/go.mod h1:CKFgDieR+mRhux2Lsu27y0fO304Db0wZe70UKqHu0v8=
 golang.org/x/net v0.25.0 h1:d/OCCoBEUq33pjydKrGQhw7IlUPI2Oylr+8qLx49kac=
 golang.org/x/net v0.25.0/go.mod h1:JkAGAh7GEvH74S6FOH42FLoXpXbE/aqXSrIQjXgsiwM=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.5.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.20.0 h1:Od9JTbYCk261bKm4M/mw7AklTlFYIa0bIp9BgSm1S8Y=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.20.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
 golang.org/x/text v0.15.0 h1:h1V/4gjBv8v9cjcR6+AR5+/cIYK5N/WAgiv4xlsEtAk=
 golang.org/x/text v0.15.0/go.mod h1:18ZOQIKpY8NJVqYksKHtTdi31H5itFRjB5/qKTNYzSU=
-golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543 h1:E7g+9GITq07hpfrRu66IVDexMakfv52eLZ2CXBWiKr4=
-golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.34.1 h1:9ddQBjfCyZPOHPUiPxpYESBLc+T8P3E+Vo4IbKZgFWg=
-google.golang.org/protobuf v1.34.1/go.mod h1:c6P6GXX6sHbq/GpV6MGZEdwhWPcYBgnhAHhKbcUYpos=
-gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405 h1:yhCVgyC4o1eVCa2tZl7eS0r+SDo693bJlVdllGtEeKM=
-gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
-gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20200313102051-9f266ea9e77c/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
-nullprogram.com/x/optparse v1.0.0/go.mod h1:KdyPE+Igbe0jQUrVfMqDMeJQIJZEuyV7pjYmp6pbG50=
-rsc.io/pdf v0.1.1/go.mod h1:n8OzWcQ6Sp37PL01nO98y4iUCRdTGarVfzxY20ICaU4=
--- a/httpx/context.go
+++ b/httpx/context.go
@@ -18,9 +18,11 @@ type Handler func(*Context) error
 type Middleware func(Handler) Handler

 // Router is the small contract the application needs from a network layer.
-// The default implementation is backed by Gin, but another router or a
-// future GoOmni transport can implement this interface without changing
-// business handlers.
+// The default implementation is backed by the standard library, but another
+// router or a future GoOmni transport can implement this interface without
+// changing business handlers. Register routes before serving requests. Implementations
+// should pass transport/transporttest.Run; see transport/README.md for the
+// portable path, method, fallback and context-propagation rules.
 type Router interface {
 	http.Handler
 	Handle(method, path string, handler http.Handler)
@@ -76,7 +78,8 @@ func RoutePattern(ctx context.Context) string {
 }

 // Context provides the business-facing request and response API. It contains
-// only standard-library HTTP types, so it remains usable when Gin is replaced.
+// only standard-library HTTP types, so it remains usable when the network
+// implementation is replaced.
 type Context struct {
 	request   *http.Request
 	writer    http.ResponseWriter
@@ -162,16 +165,25 @@ func (c *Context) BindURI(value any) error { return validate.URI(c.params, value

 // JSON is an escape hatch for responses that do not use the standard envelope.
 func (c *Context) JSON(status int, value any) error {
+	if c.responded {
+		return nil
+	}
 	if c.writer == nil {
 		return apierrors.Internal(nil)
 	}
-	c.writer.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8")
-	c.writer.WriteHeader(status)
-	if err := json.NewEncoder(c.writer).Encode(value); err != nil {
+	// Encode before committing headers so an invalid value can still produce
+	// the standard 500 response on every adapter.
+	data, err := json.Marshal(value)
+	if err != nil {
 		return apierrors.Internal(err)
 	}
 	c.responded = true
 	c.status = status
+	c.writer.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8")
+	c.writer.WriteHeader(status)
+	if _, err := c.writer.Write(append(data, '\n')); err != nil {
+		return apierrors.Internal(err)
+	}
 	return nil
 }

@@ -186,9 +198,15 @@ func (c *Context) Accepted(data any) error {
 }

 func (c *Context) NoContent() error {
-	c.writer.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
+	if c.responded {
+		return nil
+	}
+	if c.writer == nil {
+		return apierrors.Internal(nil)
+	}
 	c.responded = true
 	c.status = http.StatusNoContent
+	c.writer.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
 	return nil
 }

@@ -213,7 +231,8 @@ func (c *Context) Status() int {
 func (c *Context) Responded() bool { return c.responded }

 // WriteError writes a stable public error response. Internal causes are not
-// serialized and a partially written response is preserved.
+// serialized. Responses committed through Context methods are preserved;
+// direct Raw writes are outside this response-tracking contract.
 func (c *Context) WriteError(err error) {
 	if c.responded {
 		return
--- a/logx/README.md
+++ b/logx/README.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # logx

-`logx` 是 GoOmni 的业务层结构化日志入口。业务代码不需要依赖 Gin：
+`logx` 是 GoOmni 的业务层结构化日志入口。业务代码不需要依赖具体网络库：

 ```go
 import "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx"
--- a/logx/logx.go
+++ b/logx/logx.go
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // Package logx provides the application logger used by GoOmni and business
-// packages. Its public API is deliberately independent of Gin so the same
+// packages. Its public API is deliberately independent of the network layer so the same
 // logger can be used from HTTP handlers, jobs and command line programs.
 package logx

--- a/middleware/middleware.go
+++ b/middleware/middleware.go
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ func RequestID(header string) httpx.Middleware {
 }

 // Recovery converts panics from handlers and middleware into the standard
-// internal error. The network adapter does not need a Gin-specific recovery
-// hook for this behavior.
+// internal error. Recovery belongs to GoOmni's transport-neutral middleware
+// rather than a router-specific hook.
 func Recovery() httpx.Middleware {
 	return func(next httpx.Handler) httpx.Handler {
 		return func(ctx *httpx.Context) (err error) {
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ func AccessLog() httpx.Middleware {
 			started := time.Now()
 			err := next(ctx)
 			status := ctx.Status()
-			if err != nil {
+			if err != nil && !ctx.Responded() {
 				status = apierrors.From(err).Status
 			}
 			logx.InfoContext(ctx.Context(), "http.request",
--- a/middleware/middleware_test.go
+++ b/middleware/middleware_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+package middleware_test
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/httpx"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/middleware"
+)
+
+func TestAccessLogReportsCommittedStatus(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tc := range []struct {
+		name    string
+		handler httpx.Handler
+		status  int
+	}{
+		{"unwritten error", func(c *httpx.Context) error { return apierrors.NotFound("MISSING", "missing") }, 404},
+		{"encoding error", func(c *httpx.Context) error { return c.OK(make(chan int)) }, 500},
+		{"committed error", func(c *httpx.Context) error { _ = c.Created("saved"); return errors.New("later error") }, 201},
+		{"committed panic", func(c *httpx.Context) error { _ = c.Accepted("saved"); panic("later panic") }, 202},
+	} {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			var output bytes.Buffer
+			logger, err := logx.New(logx.Config{Format: "json", Writer: &output})
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			logx.SetDefault(logger)
+			defer logx.SetDefault(nil)
+			req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/users/42", nil)
+			req.Header.Set("X-Request-ID", "logRequest")
+			req = req.WithContext(httpx.WithRoutePattern(req.Context(), "/users/:id"))
+			w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+			ctx := httpx.NewContext(req, w, nil)
+			chain := middleware.RequestID("X-Request-ID")(middleware.AccessLog()(middleware.Recovery()(tc.handler)))
+			if err := chain(ctx); err != nil {
+				ctx.WriteError(err)
+			}
+			var entry struct {
+				Status    int
+				Route     string
+				RequestID string `json:"requestId"`
+			}
+			if err := json.Unmarshal(output.Bytes(), &entry); err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			if entry.Status != tc.status || w.Code != tc.status || entry.Route != "/users/:id" || entry.RequestID != "logRequest" {
+				t.Fatalf("log=%s response=%d; expected status %d and request metadata", &output, w.Code, tc.status)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
--- a/omni.go
+++ b/omni.go
@@ -34,8 +34,6 @@ func NewWithRouter(router Router, options ...Option) *App {
 	return app.NewWithRouter(router, options...)
 }

-func WithMode(mode string) Option { return config.WithMode(mode) }
-
 func WithRequestIDHeader(header string) Option { return config.WithRequestIDHeader(header) }

 func WithLogger(enabled bool) Option { return config.WithLogger(enabled) }
--- a/scripts/verifyBusiness.py
+++ b/scripts/verifyBusiness.py
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Verify a real generated business module across a released framework upgrade."""
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+import signal
+import socket
+import subprocess
+import tempfile
+import time
+import urllib.error
+import urllib.request
+
+from verifyScaffold import MODULE, run
+
+
+def free_address():
+    with socket.socket() as listener:
+        listener.bind(("127.0.0.1", 0))
+        return f"127.0.0.1:{listener.getsockname()[1]}"
+
+
+def main():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
+    parser.add_argument("--go", default="go")
+    parser.add_argument("--version", default="v0.4.0", help="Target framework release")
+    parser.add_argument("--from-version", default="v0.2.0", help="Version used before upgrade")
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    env = dict(os.environ, GOWORK="off")
+    env["GOPRIVATE"] = ",".join(filter(None, [env.get("GOPRIVATE", ""), "git.yuntuo.hk"]))
+    with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(prefix="go omni business ") as temporary:
+        root = Path(temporary).resolve()
+        env["GOBIN"] = str(root / "bin")
+        print(f"Installing released CLI {args.version}", flush=True)
+        run([args.go, "install", f"{MODULE}/cmd/go-omni@{args.version}"], root, env)
+        cli = root / "bin" / "go-omni"
+
+        project = root / "billing service"
+        run([
+            str(cli), "new", "--database", "memory", "--framework-version",
+            args.from_version, "--module", "example.com/billing", str(project),
+        ], root, env)
+        run([args.go, "mod", "tidy"], project, env)
+        manifest = (project / "go.mod").read_text()
+        if f"{MODULE} {args.from_version}" not in manifest or "replace " in manifest:
+            raise AssertionError("initial business project was not pinned to the expected remote version")
+        run([args.go, "test", "-race", "./..."], project, env)
+        run([args.go, "get", f"{MODULE}@{args.version}"], project, env)
+        run([args.go, "mod", "tidy"], project, env)
+        upgraded = (project / "go.mod").read_text()
+        if f"{MODULE} {args.version}" not in upgraded or "replace " in upgraded:
+            raise AssertionError("business project upgrade did not produce a clean remote pin")
+        run([args.go, "test", "-race", "./..."], project, env)
+        binary = project / "billing-server"
+        run([args.go, "build", "-o", str(binary), "./cmd/server"], project, env)
+
+        address = free_address()
+        log_file = project / "business.log"
+        server_env = dict(env)
+        server_env.update(
+            GO_OMNI_HTTP_ADDR=address,
+            GO_OMNI_ENABLE_LOGGER="true",
+            GO_OMNI_LOG_FILE=str(log_file),
+            GO_OMNI_LOG_FORMAT="json",
+            GO_OMNI_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT="2s",
+        )
+        client = urllib.request.build_opener(urllib.request.ProxyHandler({}))
+
+        def request(method, path, body=None, request_id="business-request"):
+            payload = None if body is None else json.dumps(body).encode()
+            req = urllib.request.Request(
+                f"http://{address}{path}", data=payload, method=method,
+                headers={"Content-Type": "application/json", "X-Request-ID": request_id},
+            )
+            try:
+                with client.open(req, timeout=3) as response:
+                    return response.status, response.headers, json.load(response)
+            except urllib.error.HTTPError as error:
+                return error.code, error.headers, json.loads(error.read())
+
+        process = subprocess.Popen(
+            [str(binary)], cwd=project, env=server_env,
+            stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, text=True,
+        )
+        try:
+            deadline = time.monotonic() + 15
+            while True:
+                if process.poll() is not None:
+                    output = process.stdout.read() if process.stdout else ""
+                    raise RuntimeError(f"business service exited during startup: {output}")
+                try:
+                    status, _, _ = request("GET", "/health/live")
+                    if status == 200:
+                        break
+                except OSError:
+                    pass
+                if time.monotonic() >= deadline:
+                    raise RuntimeError("business service did not start")
+                time.sleep(0.05)
+
+            status, headers, body = request("GET", "/health/ready")
+            if status != 200 or body.get("code") != "READY":
+                raise AssertionError(f"readiness failed: {status} {body}")
+            status, headers, body = request("POST", "/users", {"name": "broken"}, "invalid-request")
+            if status != 400 or body.get("code") != "INVALID_BODY" or headers.get("X-Request-ID") != "invalid-request":
+                raise AssertionError(f"validation contract failed: {status} {body}")
+            status, _, body = request("POST", "/users", {"name": "Alice", "email": "alice@example.com"}, "create-request")
+            if status != 201 or body.get("data", {}).get("email") != "alice@example.com":
+                raise AssertionError(f"business create failed: {status} {body}")
+            status, _, body = request("POST", "/users", {"name": "Duplicate", "email": "ALICE@example.com"}, "duplicate-request")
+            if status != 409 or body.get("code") != "EMAIL_TAKEN":
+                raise AssertionError(f"business error mapping failed: {status} {body}")
+            process.send_signal(signal.SIGTERM)
+            if process.wait(timeout=8) != 0:
+                raise AssertionError("business service did not exit cleanly")
+        finally:
+            if process.poll() is None:
+                process.kill()
+                process.wait(timeout=5)
+
+        content = log_file.read_text()
+        if '"http.request"' not in content or '"requestId":"create-request"' not in content:
+            raise AssertionError(f"access log did not contain business request correlation: {content}")
+        if '"service":"example.com/billing"' not in content:
+            raise AssertionError(f"business service name was not attached to logs: {content}")
+        if "private" in content.lower() and "password" in content.lower():
+            raise AssertionError("sensitive text leaked into business logs")
+
+        print(f"PASS business module: {args.from_version} -> {args.version}, clean remote pin, CRUD, validation, errors, requestId and logs", flush=True)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
--- a/scripts/verifyDatabase.py
+++ b/scripts/verifyDatabase.py
@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Verify a generated MySQL service against a disposable local Docker database."""
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+import secrets
+import signal
+import socket
+import subprocess
+import tempfile
+import time
+import urllib.error
+import urllib.request
+import uuid
+
+from verifyScaffold import MODULE, run
+
+
+def waitFor(check, description, timeout=20):
+    deadline = time.monotonic() + timeout
+    while time.monotonic() < deadline:
+        if check():
+            return
+        time.sleep(0.1)
+    raise AssertionError(f"timed out: {description}")
+
+
+class MySQL:
+    def __init__(self, directory, env, image):
+        self.directory, self.env, self.image = directory, dict(env), image
+        self.name = "go-omni-check-" + uuid.uuid4().hex[:12]
+        self.container = None
+        self.password = secrets.token_hex(18)
+        self.env.update(MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=secrets.token_hex(18), MYSQL_PASSWORD=self.password)
+        self.env["MYSQL_PWD"] = self.env["MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD"]
+
+    def sql(self, statement, database=None):
+        args = ["docker", "exec", "-i", "--env", "MYSQL_PWD", self.container,
+                "mysql", "--protocol=tcp", "-h127.0.0.1", "-uroot", "--batch", "--skip-column-names"]
+        if database:
+            args.append(database)
+        result = subprocess.run(args, cwd=self.directory, env=self.env, input=statement,
+                                text=True, capture_output=True, timeout=10)
+        if result.returncode:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"test database SQL failed: {result.stderr}")
+        return result.stdout.strip()
+
+    def wait(self):
+        def ready():
+            try:
+                return self.sql("SELECT 1") == "1"
+            except (RuntimeError, subprocess.TimeoutExpired):
+                return False
+        waitFor(ready, "MySQL ready", timeout=90)
+
+    def start(self):
+        endpoint = self.env.get("DOCKER_HOST") or run(
+            ["docker", "context", "inspect", "--format", "{{.Endpoints.docker.Host}}"],
+            self.directory, self.env).strip()
+        if not endpoint.startswith(("unix://", "npipe://")):
+            raise RuntimeError("database verification requires a local Docker context")
+        # Docker may assign a different random published port after restart.
+        # Choose the loopback port once so outage/recovery keeps the same DSN.
+        with socket.socket() as listener:
+            listener.bind(("127.0.0.1", 0))
+            hostPort = listener.getsockname()[1]
+        print("Starting isolated MySQL container", flush=True)
+        self.container = run(["docker", "run", "--detach", "--name", self.name,
+                              "--label", "go-omni.test=database", "--publish", f"127.0.0.1:{hostPort}:3306",
+                              "--env", "MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD", "--env", "MYSQL_PASSWORD",
+                              "--env", "MYSQL_DATABASE=omni_test", "--env", "MYSQL_USER=omni_test",
+                              self.image], self.directory, self.env).strip()
+        self.wait()
+        port = run(["docker", "port", self.container, "3306/tcp"], self.directory, self.env).strip().rsplit(":", 1)[1]
+        self.dsn = (f"omni_test:{self.password}@tcp(127.0.0.1:{port})/omni_test"
+                    "?parseTime=true&timeout=2s&readTimeout=2s&writeTimeout=2s")
+        self.sql("CREATE DATABASE omni_empty; GRANT ALL ON omni_empty.* TO 'omni_test'@'%';")
+
+    def close(self):
+        if self.container:
+            # Remove only the container and anonymous volume created by this run.
+            run(["docker", "rm", "--force", "--volumes", self.container], self.directory, self.env)
+
+
+class Server:
+    def __init__(self, binary, directory, env):
+        self.binary, self.directory, self.env = binary, directory, dict(env)
+        with socket.socket() as listener:
+            listener.bind(("127.0.0.1", 0))
+            self.address = f"127.0.0.1:{listener.getsockname()[1]}"
+        self.env["GO_OMNI_HTTP_ADDR"] = self.address
+        self.process = None
+        self.logPath = directory / f"server-{uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]}.log"
+        self.client = urllib.request.build_opener(urllib.request.ProxyHandler({}))
+
+    def request(self, method, path, body=None, expected=200):
+        req = urllib.request.Request(f"http://{self.address}{path}", method=method,
+                                     data=None if body is None else json.dumps(body).encode(),
+                                     headers={"Content-Type": "application/json", "X-Request-ID": "databaseCheck"})
+        try:
+            response = self.client.open(req, timeout=3)
+        except urllib.error.HTTPError as error:
+            response = error
+        with response:
+            raw = response.read()
+            if response.status != expected:
+                raise AssertionError(f"{method} {path}: expected {expected}, got {response.status}: {raw!r}")
+            if response.headers.get("X-Request-ID") != "databaseCheck":
+                raise AssertionError("missing requestId header")
+            if not raw:
+                return None
+            result = json.loads(raw)
+            if result.get("requestId") != "databaseCheck":
+                raise AssertionError("missing camelCase requestId")
+            return result
+
+    def start(self):
+        with self.logPath.open("w") as logs:
+            self.process = subprocess.Popen([str(self.binary)], cwd=self.directory, env=self.env,
+                                            stdout=logs, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
+        def ready():
+            if self.process.poll() is not None:
+                raise RuntimeError(f"service exited: {self.logPath.read_text()}")
+            try:
+                return self.request("GET", "/health/live")["data"]["status"] == "ok"
+            except (OSError, urllib.error.URLError):
+                return False
+        waitFor(ready, "service startup")
+
+    def stop(self):
+        if self.process and self.process.poll() is None:
+            self.process.send_signal(signal.SIGTERM)
+            code = self.process.wait(timeout=10)
+            if code != 0:
+                raise AssertionError(f"service exit {code}: {self.logPath.read_text()}")
+
+    def close(self):
+        if self.process and self.process.poll() is None:
+            self.process.kill()
+            self.process.wait(timeout=5)
+
+
+def main():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
+    parser.add_argument("--go", default="go")
+    parser.add_argument("--version", default="v0.4.0")
+    parser.add_argument("--cli", help="Use a locally built CLI")
+    parser.add_argument("--framework-dir", help="Local framework source for pre-release checks")
+    parser.add_argument("--image", default="mysql:8.4")
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    env = {key: value for key, value in os.environ.items() if not key.startswith("GO_OMNI_")}
+    env["GOWORK"] = "off"
+    env["GOPRIVATE"] = ",".join(filter(None, [env.get("GOPRIVATE"), "git.yuntuo.hk"]))
+    with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(prefix="go omni database ") as temporary:
+        directory = Path(temporary).resolve()
+        if args.cli:
+            cli = Path(args.cli).resolve()
+        else:
+            env["GOBIN"] = str(directory / "bin")
+            run([args.go, "install", f"{MODULE}/cmd/go-omni@{args.version}"], directory, env)
+            cli = directory / "bin" / "go-omni"
+        command = [str(cli), "new", "--module", "example.com/databaseCheck", "--database", "mysql"]
+        if args.framework_dir:
+            command += ["--framework-dir", str(Path(args.framework_dir).resolve())]
+        project = directory / "billing"
+        run(command + [str(project)], directory, env)
+        module = json.loads(run([args.go, "mod", "edit", "-json"], project, env))
+        if not args.framework_dir and module.get("Replace"):
+            raise AssertionError("remote MySQL project contains a local replace")
+        if {entry["Path"]: entry["Version"] for entry in module["Require"]}.get(MODULE) != args.version:
+            raise AssertionError("MySQL project did not pin the CLI version")
+        run([args.go, "mod", "tidy"], project, env)
+        binary = directory / "server"
+        run([args.go, "build", "-o", str(binary), "./cmd/server"], project, env)
+        database = MySQL(directory, env, args.image)
+        servers = []
+        try:
+            database.start()
+            database.sql((project / "schema.sql").read_text(), "omni_test")
+            testEnv = dict(env, GO_OMNI_TEST_MYSQL_DSN=database.dsn)
+            output = run([args.go, "test", "-race", "-v", "./..."], project, testEnv)
+            for name in ("TestDatabaseTransactions", "TestDatabasePoolHealthAndClose"):
+                if f"--- PASS: {name}" not in output:
+                    raise AssertionError(f"integration test did not pass: {name}\n{output}")
+            print("PASS real MySQL: commit, error/panic/cancel rollback, pool limits, health timeout, close", flush=True)
+
+            serverEnv = dict(env, GO_OMNI_DB_DSN=database.dsn,
+                             GO_OMNI_DB_PING_TIMEOUT="500ms", GO_OMNI_ENABLE_LOGGER="true")
+            server = Server(binary, project, serverEnv)
+            servers.append(server)
+            server.start()
+            ready = server.request("GET", "/health/ready")
+            if ready["code"] != "READY" or ready["data"]["checks"][0]["name"] != "database":
+                raise AssertionError(f"database probe not registered: {ready}")
+            server.request("POST", "/users", {"name": "", "email": "invalid"}, expected=400)
+            created = server.request("POST", "/users", {"name": " Alice ", "email": "ALICE@example.com"}, expected=201)
+            user = created["data"]
+            if user["email"] != "alice@example.com" or not user.get("createdAt"):
+                raise AssertionError(f"normalization/time parsing failed: {user}")
+            path = f"/users/{user['id']}"
+            duplicate = server.request("POST", "/users", {"name": "Duplicate", "email": "alice@example.com"}, expected=409)
+            if duplicate["code"] != "EMAIL_TAKEN":
+                raise AssertionError("duplicate email error was not mapped")
+            if server.request("GET", path)["data"]["name"] != "Alice":
+                raise AssertionError("GET did not load created user")
+            page = server.request("GET", "/users?page=1&pageSize=1")["data"]
+            if page["total"] != 1 or page["pageSize"] != 1:
+                raise AssertionError(f"pagination mismatch: {page}")
+            server.request("PUT", path, {"name": "Updated", "email": "updated@example.com"})
+            server.stop()
+            waitFor(lambda: database.sql("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM information_schema.processlist WHERE USER='omni_test'") == "0",
+                    "connection pool closed on service exit")
+            server = Server(binary, project, serverEnv)
+            servers.append(server)
+            server.start()
+            if server.request("GET", path)["data"]["name"] != "Updated":
+                raise AssertionError("data did not survive service restart")
+            print("PASS HTTP validation, unique email, create/read/update/list, restart persistence and pool cleanup", flush=True)
+
+            failureEnv = dict(serverEnv, GO_OMNI_DB_DSN=database.dsn.replace("/omni_test?", "/omni_empty?"))
+            failed = subprocess.run([str(binary)], cwd=project, env=failureEnv, capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=10)
+            if failed.returncode == 0 or "apply schema.sql" not in failed.stderr:
+                raise AssertionError("missing schema did not fail startup before listening")
+            waitFor(lambda: database.sql("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM information_schema.processlist WHERE DB='omni_empty'") == "0",
+                    "connection pool closed on schema failure")
+            print("PASS missing schema fails startup and releases connections", flush=True)
+
+            run(["docker", "stop", "--time", "10", database.container], directory, database.env)
+            readiness = server.request("GET", "/health/ready", expected=503)
+            if readiness["code"] != "NOT_READY" or readiness["data"]["checks"][0]["status"] != "not_ready":
+                raise AssertionError("database outage did not fail readiness")
+            server.request("GET", "/health/live")
+            unavailable = server.request("GET", path, expected=500)
+            if unavailable["code"] != "INTERNAL_ERROR" or database.password in json.dumps(unavailable):
+                raise AssertionError("database outage leaked an internal error")
+            failed = subprocess.run([str(binary)], cwd=project, env=serverEnv, capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=10)
+            if failed.returncode == 0 or "ping database" not in failed.stderr:
+                raise AssertionError("offline database did not fail startup")
+            run(["docker", "start", database.container], directory, database.env)
+            database.wait()
+            def recovered():
+                try:
+                    return server.request("GET", "/health/ready")["code"] == "READY"
+                except (AssertionError, OSError, urllib.error.URLError):
+                    return False
+            waitFor(recovered, "application reconnects after MySQL restart")
+            if server.request("GET", path)["data"]["name"] != "Updated":
+                raise AssertionError("database restart lost persistent data")
+            server.request("DELETE", path, expected=204)
+            server.request("GET", path, expected=404)
+            server.stop()
+            waitFor(lambda: database.sql("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM information_schema.processlist WHERE USER='omni_test'") == "0",
+                    "final connection cleanup")
+            print("PASS database outage: readiness 503, liveness 200, startup failure; recovery 200; delete 204/404", flush=True)
+        finally:
+            for server in servers:
+                server.close()
+            database.close()
+            print("Removed test container, anonymous volume and temporary project", flush=True)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
--- a/scripts/verifyPerformance.py
+++ b/scripts/verifyPerformance.py
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Run GoOmni's repeatable stability checks and transport performance baseline."""
+
+import argparse
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+import subprocess
+
+
+def main():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
+    parser.add_argument("--go", default="go")
+    parser.add_argument("--count", type=int, default=3)
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    root = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
+    env = dict(os.environ, GOWORK="off")
+    checks = [
+        ([args.go, "test", "-race", "./..."], "race tests"),
+        ([args.go, "vet", "./..."], "vet"),
+        ([args.go, "build", "./..."], "build"),
+        (
+            [args.go, "test", "-run", "^$", "-bench", "^BenchmarkTransport",
+             "-benchmem", "-count", str(args.count), "./transport"],
+            "transport benchmarks",
+        ),
+    ]
+    for command, name in checks:
+        print(f"Running {name}", flush=True)
+        result = subprocess.run(command, cwd=root, env=env, text=True,
+                                stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
+        print(result.stdout, end="")
+        if result.returncode != 0:
+            raise SystemExit(f"{name} failed with exit code {result.returncode}")
+    print("PASS stability checks and transport performance baseline", flush=True)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
--- a/scripts/verifyScaffold.py
+++ b/scripts/verifyScaffold.py
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ def exerciseServer(binary, directory, env, stopSignal, cleanupMarker=None):
        listener.bind(("127.0.0.1", 0))
        address = f"127.0.0.1:{listener.getsockname()[1]}"
    serverEnv = {key: value for key, value in env.items() if not key.startswith("GO_OMNI_")}
-    serverEnv.update(GO_OMNI_HTTP_ADDR=address, GO_OMNI_MODE="release",
+    serverEnv.update(GO_OMNI_HTTP_ADDR=address,
                     GO_OMNI_ENABLE_LOGGER="true", GO_OMNI_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT="2s")
    if cleanupMarker:
        serverEnv["GO_OMNI_CLEANUP_MARKER"] = str(cleanupMarker)
@@ -65,7 +65,8 @@ def exerciseServer(binary, directory, env, stopSignal, cleanupMarker=None):
                status, body = request("/health/ready")
                if status != 200 or body["code"] != "READY":
                    raise AssertionError(f"unexpected readiness: {body}")
-                status, user = request("/users", json.dumps({"name": "Smoke", "email": "smoke@example.com"}).encode())
+                status, body = request("/users", json.dumps({"name": "Smoke", "email": "smoke@example.com"}).encode())
+                user = body.get("data", body)
                if status != 201 or user["name"] != "Smoke" or "createdAt" not in user:
                    raise AssertionError(f"unexpected created user: {user}")
            process.send_signal(stopSignal)
@@ -90,7 +91,7 @@ def exerciseServer(binary, directory, env, stopSignal, cleanupMarker=None):
 def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
    parser.add_argument("--go", default="go", help="Go executable")
-    parser.add_argument("--version", default="v0.1.1", help="Released CLI version to install")
+    parser.add_argument("--version", default="v0.4.0", help="Released CLI version to install")
    parser.add_argument("--cli", help="Use a locally built CLI instead of installing")
    parser.add_argument("--framework-version", help="Explicit version passed to the CLI")
    parser.add_argument("--framework-dir", help="Local checkout for pre-release verification")
@@ -141,7 +142,7 @@ import (
    omni "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
 )
 func main() {
-    app := omni.New(omni.WithMode("release"))
+    app := omni.New()
    app.GET("/health/live", func(ctx *omni.Context) error { return ctx.OK(map[string]string{"status": "ok"}) })
    app.OnShutdown(func() error { return os.WriteFile(os.Getenv("GO_OMNI_CLEANUP_MARKER"), []byte("closed"), 0600) })
    if err := app.Run(os.Getenv("GO_OMNI_HTTP_ADDR")); err != nil { log.Fatal(err) }
--- a/scripts/verifyTransports.py
+++ b/scripts/verifyTransports.py
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Run the public adapter contract from an independent consumer module."""
+
+import argparse
+import json
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+import tempfile
+
+from verifyScaffold import MODULE, run
+
+
+def main():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
+    parser.add_argument("--go", default="go")
+    parser.add_argument("--version", default="v0.4.0")
+    parser.add_argument("--framework-dir", help="Use a local checkout before release")
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    env = dict(os.environ, GOWORK="off")
+    env["GOPRIVATE"] = ",".join(filter(None, [env.get("GOPRIVATE", ""), "git.yuntuo.hk"]))
+    with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(prefix="go omni transport ") as temporary:
+        directory = Path(temporary).resolve()
+        module = f"module example.com/adaptercheck\n\ngo 1.22\n\nrequire {MODULE} {args.version}\n"
+        if args.framework_dir:
+            module += f"\nreplace {MODULE} => {json.dumps(str(Path(args.framework_dir).resolve()), ensure_ascii=False)}\n"
+        (directory / "go.mod").write_text(module)
+        (directory / "adapter_test.go").write_text(f'''package adaptercheck_test
+
+import (
+    "testing"
+    "{MODULE}/httpx"
+    netrouter "{MODULE}/transport/nethttp"
+    "{MODULE}/transport/transporttest"
+)
+
+func TestContract(t *testing.T) {{
+    t.Run("nethttp", func(t *testing.T) {{
+        transporttest.Run(t, func() httpx.Router {{ return netrouter.New() }})
+    }})
+}}
+''')
+        source = "local checkout" if args.framework_dir else f"remote {args.version}"
+        print(f"Testing {source} in an independent consumer module", flush=True)
+        run([args.go, "mod", "tidy"], directory, env)
+        if not args.framework_dir and "replace " in (directory / "go.mod").read_text():
+            raise AssertionError("remote verification must not contain replace")
+        output = run([args.go, "test", "-race", "-count=1", "-json", "./..."], directory, env)
+        events = [json.loads(line) for line in output.splitlines() if line.startswith("{")]
+        if any(event.get("Action") == "skip" for event in events):
+            raise AssertionError("contract suite unexpectedly skipped tests")
+        for adapter in ("nethttp",):
+            name = f"TestContract/{adapter}"
+            if not any(event.get("Action") == "pass" and event.get("Test") == name for event in events):
+                raise AssertionError(f"{adapter} contract did not pass")
+            count = sum(event.get("Action") == "pass" and event.get("Test", "").startswith(name + "/")
+                        for event in events)
+            print(f"PASS {adapter}: {count} contract checks, including business handlers, cancellation and concurrent requests", flush=True)
+        print("PASS independent module: both adapters accepted by the same public contract suite", flush=True)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
--- a/transport/README.md
+++ b/transport/README.md
@@ -1,22 +1,75 @@
 # Transport adapters

-GoOmni 的业务处理链依赖 `httpx.Router`，不直接依赖具体网络框架。当前的 `transport/gin` 只负责把 Gin 的路由、路径参数和响应写入转换成标准 HTTP 接口；`transport/nethttp` 提供了一个只使用标准库的参考实现。
-
-使用标准库适配器：
+业务 Handler 依赖 GoOmni 的 `httpx.Context`，Service 接收标准 `context.Context`。适配器只在启动入口组装：

 ```go
 import (
-	omni "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
-	netrouter "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/transport/nethttp"
+    omni "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
+    netrouter "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/transport/nethttp"
 )

 application := omni.NewWithRouter(netrouter.New())
+registerRoutes(application) // 与 omni.New() 复用同一份业务注册代码
 ```

-后续自研网络层时，实现以下能力即可接入现有 `app`、中间件和业务 Handler：
+`transport/nethttp` 是当前内置的标准库路由实现。它提供一套可移植的路径、方法和错误回退规则；自研网络层可以直接实现同一个 `httpx.Router` 契约。

- `httpx.Router`：注册路由、分组并实现 `http.Handler`。
- `httpx.RouterGroup`：注册分组内路由。
- 适配器为请求 context 注入 `httpx.WithRouteParams` 和 `httpx.WithRoutePattern`。
+## 可移植路由规则（v0.3.0）

-业务层不应该导入具体 transport 包；它们只是网络层实现。
+| 项目 | 约定 |
+| --- | --- |
+| 路径 | 顶层路由必须以 `/` 开头；区分大小写。禁止重复斜杠、`.` / `..` 段、查询串和片段标识。 |
+| 参数 | `/users/:id` 匹配一个非空路径段；参数必须占据整个段，同一路由内名称唯一。 |
+| 通配 | `/files/*path` 仅允许出现在末尾，值包含开头的 `/`；`/files/` 对应 `/`，`/files` 不匹配。 |
+| 路由优先级 | 相同方法内，从左向右比较，静态段优先于参数段；更具体的分支匹配失败后允许回退。 |
+| 注册冲突 | 同方法重复注册、相同前缀处参数名冲突、catch-all 与同级分支冲突，均在注册时 panic。不同方法可用同一路径。 |
+| 分组 | 支持嵌套与相对路径。`Group("/api").Handle("GET", "", h)` 注册 `/api`，传 `"/"` 则注册 `/api/`。 |
+| 尾部斜杠 | `/users` 与 `/users/` 是不同路由；不自动重定向、补斜杠或清理请求路径。 |
+| URL 编码 | 使用已解码的 `URL.Path`；例如 `%2F` 作为路径分隔符，`+` 保留为加号。 |
+| 方法 | `Handle` 接受大写字母组成的方法名；HEAD 不自动复用 GET，OPTIONS 不自动成功。 |
+| Any | 注册 GET、POST、PUT、PATCH、HEAD、OPTIONS、DELETE、CONNECT、TRACE 九种方法；其他方法需显式注册。 |
+| 404 / 405 | 未找到路径返回纯文本 404；路径存在但方法不支持时返回纯文本 405，`Allow` 去重并按字母排序。 |
+| 并发 | 启动前完成路由注册；允许并发处理请求，各请求参数、业务值、requestId 必须隔离。 |
+
+HTTP 回退响应属于路由层，不进入应用路由中间件，不携带统一 JSON 封装或 requestId。业务 Handler 返回的错误则经过统一 JSON 错误处理。
+
+业务层通过 `application.Handle("HEAD", path, handler)` 或 `group.Handle("OPTIONS", path, handler)` 显式注册其他方法，同样经过框架中间件和错误处理。
+
+## 业务行为
+
+- 同一套 Handler、Service、中间件用于两种适配器；应用、分组、嵌套分组、路由中间件依次进入、反序退出。
+- `Use` 只影响后续注册的路由。鉴权失败短路处理链，panic 转为统一 500。
+- URI / Query / JSON 绑定、业务错误、requestId 与业务日志关联一致。
+- `JSON` / `OK` 等方法先编码再发送；编码失败返回统一 500。已通过 Context 提交响应后，后续错误、panic 或重复响应不会追加 JSON。
+- 客户端断开会取消传入 Service 的 context；适配时保留原有 context 的值、截止时间和取消信号。
+- `Raw()` 是高级逃生口；直接写入、流式响应、Hijack 等行为不属于上述 Context 响应追踪契约，勿与自动响应方法混用。
+
+## 自研适配器验收
+
+实现 `httpx.Router` / `httpx.RouterGroup`，在调用 Handler 前通过 `httpx.WithRouteParams` 和 `httpx.WithRoutePattern` 注入请求元数据。使用外部测试包接入公共验收套件：
+
+```go
+package myrouter_test
+
+import (
+    "testing"
+    "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/httpx"
+    "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/transport/transporttest"
+    "example.com/project/myrouter"
+)
+
+func TestContract(t *testing.T) {
+    transporttest.Run(t, func() httpx.Router { return myrouter.New() })
+}
+```
+
+工厂需每次返回新的空路由器。套件依次创建路由器，内部会发送并发请求、打开本地 HTTP 测试服务，运行时应启用 race 检查：
+
+```sh
+go test -race ./transport/... ./examples/reference
+python3 scripts/verifyTransports.py --version v0.4.0
+```
+
+第一条验证标准库适配器复用完整 Handler / Service / Repository。第二条在源码目录外创建无 replace 的消费模块，从远程版本导入同一套验收包；自研适配器也应使用同一个公共测试包。
+
+当前替换边界是路由与 HTTP 适配层，`App.Run` 仍使用标准库 `net/http.Server`。未来自研监听、连接管理或协议解析时，可让自研服务调用 `App.ServeHTTP`（提供标准 HTTP 请求/响应桥接），由自研启动层管理监听与关闭，并在退出时调用 `App.Close`；本阶段没有实现新的网络内核。
--- a/transport/benchmark_test.go
+++ b/transport/benchmark_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+package transport_test
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	omni "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni"
+	netrouter "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/transport/nethttp"
+)
+
+func BenchmarkTransportRouteDispatch(b *testing.B) {
+	b.Run("nethttp", func(b *testing.B) {
+		router := netrouter.New()
+		router.Handle(http.MethodGet, "/users/:id", http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
+		}))
+		request := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/users/42", nil)
+		b.ReportAllocs()
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			writer := httptest.NewRecorder()
+			router.ServeHTTP(writer, request)
+			if writer.Code != http.StatusNoContent {
+				b.Fatalf("unexpected status %d", writer.Code)
+			}
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func BenchmarkTransportApplicationRequest(b *testing.B) {
+	b.Run("nethttp", func(b *testing.B) {
+		application := omni.NewWithRouter(netrouter.New())
+		application.GET("/health", func(c *omni.Context) error {
+			return c.OK(map[string]string{"status": "ok"})
+		})
+		request := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/health", nil)
+		b.ReportAllocs()
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			writer := httptest.NewRecorder()
+			application.ServeHTTP(writer, request)
+			if writer.Code != http.StatusOK {
+				b.Fatalf("unexpected status %d", writer.Code)
+			}
+		}
+	})
+}
--- a/transport/contract_test.go
+++ b/transport/contract_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+package transport_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/httpx"
+	netrouter "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/transport/nethttp"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/transport/transporttest"
+)
+
+func TestAdapterContract(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("nethttp", func(t *testing.T) {
+		transporttest.Run(t, func() httpx.Router { return netrouter.New() })
+	})
+}
--- a/transport/gin/router.go
+++ b/transport/gin/router.go
@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-// Package gin adapts Gin to GoOmni's transport-neutral router contract.
-// Business packages should import httpx and app, not this package.
-package gin
-
-import (
-	"net/http"
-
-	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/httpx"
-	ginlib "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
-)
-
-// Router is the default Gin-backed GoOmni router.
-type Router struct {
-	engine *ginlib.Engine
-}
-
-// New creates a Gin router without Gin's default logger or recovery middleware.
-func New(mode string) *Router {
-	if mode != "" {
-		ginlib.SetMode(mode)
-	}
-	return &Router{engine: ginlib.New()}
-}
-
-// NewWithEngine wraps an existing Gin engine for incremental migration.
-func NewWithEngine(engine *ginlib.Engine) *Router { return &Router{engine: engine} }
-
-// Engine exposes the underlying Gin engine to adapter-specific integrations.
-func (r *Router) Engine() *ginlib.Engine { return r.engine }
-
-func (r *Router) ServeHTTP(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) {
-	r.engine.ServeHTTP(writer, request)
-}
-
-func (r *Router) Handle(method, path string, handler http.Handler) {
-	r.engine.Handle(method, path, r.adapt(handler))
-}
-
-func (r *Router) Any(path string, handler http.Handler) { r.engine.Any(path, r.adapt(handler)) }
-
-func (r *Router) Group(path string) httpx.RouterGroup {
-	return &group{group: r.engine.Group(path)}
-}
-
-type group struct{ group *ginlib.RouterGroup }
-
-func (g *group) Handle(method, path string, handler http.Handler) {
-	g.group.Handle(method, path, adapt(handler))
-}
-
-func (g *group) Any(path string, handler http.Handler) { g.group.Any(path, adapt(handler)) }
-
-func (g *group) Group(path string) httpx.RouterGroup {
-	return &group{group: g.group.Group(path)}
-}
-
-func (r *Router) adapt(handler http.Handler) ginlib.HandlerFunc { return adapt(handler) }
-
-func adapt(handler http.Handler) ginlib.HandlerFunc {
-	return func(ctx *ginlib.Context) {
-		params := make(map[string]string, len(ctx.Params))
-		for _, param := range ctx.Params {
-			params[param.Key] = param.Value
-		}
-		requestContext := httpx.WithRouteParams(ctx.Request.Context(), params)
-		requestContext = httpx.WithRoutePattern(requestContext, ctx.FullPath())
-		request := ctx.Request.WithContext(requestContext)
-		handler.ServeHTTP(ctx.Writer, request)
-	}
-}
--- a/transport/internal/routing/pattern.go
+++ b/transport/internal/routing/pattern.go
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+// Package routing defines registration rules shared by the built-in adapters.
+// Request dispatch remains the responsibility of each adapter.
+package routing
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+var Methods = [...]string{
+	http.MethodGet, http.MethodPost, http.MethodPut, http.MethodPatch,
+	http.MethodHead, http.MethodOptions, http.MethodDelete, http.MethodConnect, http.MethodTrace,
+}
+
+type Segment struct {
+	Literal  string
+	Name     string
+	Wildcard bool
+}
+
+// Parse accepts absolute paths, whole-segment parameters and a terminal
+// catch-all. It rejects ambiguous patterns before an adapter registers them.
+func Parse(method, path string, handler http.Handler) []Segment {
+	if handler == nil {
+		panic("go-omni: nil route handler")
+	}
+	if method == "" || strings.IndexFunc(method, func(r rune) bool { return r < 'A' || r > 'Z' }) >= 0 {
+		panic("go-omni: route method must contain uppercase letters")
+	}
+	if path == "" || path[0] != '/' {
+		panic("go-omni: route path must start with /")
+	}
+	parts := strings.Split(path[1:], "/")
+	segments := make([]Segment, len(parts))
+	names := make(map[string]bool)
+	for i, part := range parts {
+		if part == "." || part == ".." || strings.ContainsAny(part, "?#") || (part == "" && i != len(parts)-1) {
+			panic("go-omni: invalid route path " + path)
+		}
+		if strings.HasPrefix(part, ":") || strings.HasPrefix(part, "*") {
+			name := part[1:]
+			if name == "" || strings.ContainsAny(name, ":*") || names[name] {
+				panic("go-omni: route parameters must have unique, non-empty names")
+			}
+			wildcard := part[0] == '*'
+			if wildcard && i != len(parts)-1 {
+				panic("go-omni: catch-all must be the final segment")
+			}
+			names[name] = true
+			segments[i] = Segment{Name: name, Wildcard: wildcard}
+		} else {
+			if strings.ContainsAny(part, ":*") {
+				panic("go-omni: parameters must occupy a whole path segment")
+			}
+			segments[i] = Segment{Literal: part}
+		}
+	}
+	return segments
+}
+
+// CheckConflict enforces the portable ambiguity rules for one method.
+func CheckConflict(existing, next []Segment) {
+	for i := 0; i < len(existing) && i < len(next); i++ {
+		a, b := existing[i], next[i]
+		if a.Wildcard || b.Wildcard {
+			panic("go-omni: catch-all conflicts with an existing route")
+		}
+		if a.Name != "" && b.Name != "" {
+			if a.Name != b.Name {
+				panic("go-omni: conflicting parameter names at the same route prefix")
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		if a != b {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+	if len(existing) == len(next) {
+		panic("go-omni: duplicate route")
+	}
+}
+
+// Join supports relative group paths while preserving a final slash.
+func Join(prefix, path string) string {
+	if path == "" {
+		if prefix == "" {
+			return "/"
+		}
+		return prefix
+	}
+	return strings.TrimSuffix(prefix, "/") + "/" + strings.TrimPrefix(path, "/")
+}
+
+// Match uses the decoded URL.Path without slash normalization or redirects.
+func Match(segments []Segment, path string) (map[string]string, bool) {
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(path, "/") {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	parts := strings.Split(path[1:], "/")
+	params := make(map[string]string)
+	for i, current := range segments {
+		if i >= len(parts) {
+			return nil, false
+		}
+		if current.Wildcard {
+			params[current.Name] = "/" + strings.Join(parts[i:], "/")
+			return params, true
+		}
+		if current.Name != "" {
+			if parts[i] == "" {
+				return nil, false
+			}
+			params[current.Name] = parts[i]
+		} else if current.Literal != parts[i] {
+			return nil, false
+		}
+	}
+	return params, len(segments) == len(parts)
+}
--- a/transport/nethttp/router.go
+++ b/transport/nethttp/router.go
@@ -1,71 +1,47 @@
-// Package nethttp provides a small standard-library router for GoOmni.
-// It is intentionally independent of Gin and serves as the reference for a
-// future project-owned network layer.
+// Package nethttp provides GoOmni's standard-library router. Register routes
+// before serving requests.
 package nethttp

 import (
 	"net/http"
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
-	"sync"

 	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/httpx"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/transport/internal/routing"
 )

-// Router implements httpx.Router with net/http only. Register routes before
-// serving requests.
-type Router struct {
-	mu     sync.RWMutex
-	routes []route
-}
+type Router struct{ routes []route }

 type route struct {
 	method   string
 	pattern  string
-	segments []segment
+	segments []routing.Segment
 	handler  http.Handler
-	score    int
 }

-type segment struct {
-	literal  string
-	name     string
-	wildcard bool
-}
-
-// New creates an empty standard-library router.
 func New() *Router { return &Router{} }

-// ServeHTTP dispatches a request and injects route params and the matched
-// pattern into its context for the transport-neutral handler chain.
 func (r *Router) ServeHTTP(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) {
-	r.mu.RLock()
-	routes := append([]route(nil), r.routes...)
-	r.mu.RUnlock()
-
 	var selected *route
 	var selectedParams map[string]string
-	pathMatched := false
-	allow := make(map[string]struct{})
-	for index := range routes {
-		candidate := &routes[index]
-		params, matched := match(candidate.segments, request.URL.Path)
+	allow := make(map[string]bool)
+	for index := range r.routes {
+		candidate := &r.routes[index]
+		params, matched := routing.Match(candidate.segments, request.URL.Path)
 		if !matched {
 			continue
 		}
-		pathMatched = true
-		if candidate.method != "*" && candidate.method != request.Method {
-			allow[candidate.method] = struct{}{}
+		if candidate.method != request.Method {
+			allow[candidate.method] = true
 			continue
 		}
-		if selected == nil || candidate.score > selected.score {
-			selected = candidate
-			selectedParams = params
+		if selected == nil || moreSpecific(candidate.segments, selected.segments) {
+			selected, selectedParams = candidate, params
 		}
 	}
-
 	if selected == nil {
-		if pathMatched {
+		if len(allow) > 0 {
 			methods := make([]string, 0, len(allow))
 			for method := range allow {
 				methods = append(methods, method)
@@ -73,37 +49,34 @@ func (r *Router) ServeHTTP(writer http.ResponseWriter, request *http.Request) {
 			sort.Strings(methods)
 			writer.Header().Set("Allow", strings.Join(methods, ", "))
 			http.Error(writer, http.StatusText(http.StatusMethodNotAllowed), http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
-			return
+		} else {
+			http.NotFound(writer, request)
 		}
-		http.NotFound(writer, request)
 		return
 	}
-
-	requestContext := httpx.WithRouteParams(request.Context(), selectedParams)
-	requestContext = httpx.WithRoutePattern(requestContext, selected.pattern)
-	selected.handler.ServeHTTP(writer, request.WithContext(requestContext))
+	ctx := httpx.WithRouteParams(request.Context(), selectedParams)
+	ctx = httpx.WithRoutePattern(ctx, selected.pattern)
+	selected.handler.ServeHTTP(writer, request.WithContext(ctx))
 }

 func (r *Router) Handle(method, path string, handler http.Handler) {
-	if handler == nil {
-		panic("go-omni/nethttp: nil route handler")
+	segments := routing.Parse(method, path, handler)
+	for _, existing := range r.routes {
+		if existing.method == method {
+			routing.CheckConflict(existing.segments, segments)
+		}
 	}
-	segments := parsePattern(path)
-	r.mu.Lock()
-	r.routes = append(r.routes, route{
-		method:   method,
-		pattern:  cleanPattern(path),
-		segments: segments,
-		handler:  handler,
-		score:    routeScore(method, segments),
-	})
-	r.mu.Unlock()
+	r.routes = append(r.routes, route{method, path, segments, handler})
 }

-func (r *Router) Any(path string, handler http.Handler) { r.Handle("*", path, handler) }
+func (r *Router) Any(path string, handler http.Handler) {
+	for _, method := range routing.Methods {
+		r.Handle(method, path, handler)
+	}
+}

 func (r *Router) Group(path string) httpx.RouterGroup {
-	return &group{router: r, prefix: cleanPattern(path)}
+	return &group{router: r, prefix: routing.Join("", path)}
 }

 type group struct {
@@ -112,107 +85,24 @@ type group struct {
 }

 func (g *group) Handle(method, path string, handler http.Handler) {
-	g.router.Handle(method, joinPattern(g.prefix, path), handler)
+	g.router.Handle(method, routing.Join(g.prefix, path), handler)
 }

-func (g *group) Any(path string, handler http.Handler) { g.Handle("*", path, handler) }
+func (g *group) Any(path string, handler http.Handler) {
+	g.router.Any(routing.Join(g.prefix, path), handler)
+}

 func (g *group) Group(path string) httpx.RouterGroup {
-	return &group{router: g.router, prefix: joinPattern(g.prefix, path)}
+	return &group{router: g.router, prefix: routing.Join(g.prefix, path)}
 }

-func cleanPattern(pattern string) string {
-	if pattern == "" {
-		return "/"
+// Compare from the left: an earlier static segment wins even if another
+// matching route has more static segments later in its path.
+func moreSpecific(a, b []routing.Segment) bool {
+	for i := 0; i < len(a) && i < len(b); i++ {
+		if (a[i].Name == "") != (b[i].Name == "") {
+			return a[i].Name == ""
+		}
 	}
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(pattern, "/") {
-		pattern = "/" + pattern
-	}
-	pattern = strings.TrimRight(pattern, "/")
-	if pattern == "" {
-		return "/"
-	}
-	return pattern
-}
-
-func joinPattern(prefix, path string) string {
-	if prefix == "" || prefix == "/" {
-		return cleanPattern(path)
-	}
-	if path == "" || path == "/" {
-		return cleanPattern(prefix)
-	}
-	return cleanPattern(strings.TrimRight(prefix, "/") + "/" + strings.Trim(path, "/"))
-}
-
-func parsePattern(pattern string) []segment {
-	pattern = cleanPattern(pattern)
-	if pattern == "/" {
-		return nil
-	}
-	parts := strings.Split(strings.Trim(pattern, "/"), "/")
-	segments := make([]segment, 0, len(parts))
-	for _, part := range parts {
-		switch {
-		case strings.HasPrefix(part, ":") && len(part) > 1:
-			segments = append(segments, segment{name: part[1:]})
-		case strings.HasPrefix(part, "*") && len(part) > 1:
-			segments = append(segments, segment{name: part[1:], wildcard: true})
-		default:
-			segments = append(segments, segment{literal: part})
-		}
-	}
-	return segments
-}
-
-func match(segments []segment, path string) (map[string]string, bool) {
-	parts := splitPath(path)
-	params := make(map[string]string)
-	partIndex := 0
-	for segmentIndex, current := range segments {
-		if current.wildcard {
-			params[current.name] = strings.Join(parts[partIndex:], "/")
-			return params, true
-		}
-		if partIndex >= len(parts) {
-			return nil, false
-		}
-		if current.name != "" {
-			params[current.name] = parts[partIndex]
-		} else if current.literal != parts[partIndex] {
-			return nil, false
-		}
-		partIndex++
-		if segmentIndex == len(segments)-1 && partIndex != len(parts) {
-			return nil, false
-		}
-	}
-	if partIndex != len(parts) {
-		return nil, false
-	}
-	return params, true
-}
-
-func splitPath(path string) []string {
-	path = strings.Trim(path, "/")
-	if path == "" {
-		return nil
-	}
-	return strings.Split(path, "/")
-}
-
-func routeScore(method string, segments []segment) int {
-	score := len(segments)
-	if method != "*" {
-		score += 1000
-	}
-	for _, current := range segments {
-		if current.literal != "" {
-			score += 10
-		}
-		if current.wildcard {
-			score -= 5
-		}
-	}
-	return score
+	return false
 }
--- a/transport/nethttp/router_test.go
+++ b/transport/nethttp/router_test.go
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import (
 	netrouter "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/transport/nethttp"
 )

-func TestRouterWorksWithoutGin(t *testing.T) {
+func TestRouterWorks(t *testing.T) {
 	router := netrouter.New()
 	app := omni.NewWithRouter(router)
 	app.GET("/users/:id", func(ctx *omni.Context) error {
--- a/transport/transporttest/application.go
+++ b/transport/transporttest/application.go
@@ -0,0 +1,406 @@
+package transporttest
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/app"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/auth"
+	apierrors "git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/errors"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/httpx"
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/logx"
+)
+
+func application(t *testing.T, newRouter func() httpx.Router) {
+	t.Run("explicit application methods", func(t *testing.T) {
+		a := app.NewWithRouter(newRouter())
+		mark := func(next httpx.Handler) httpx.Handler {
+			return func(c *httpx.Context) error {
+				c.SetResponseHeader("X-Middleware", "present")
+				return next(c)
+			}
+		}
+		a.Handle("HEAD", "/users", func(c *httpx.Context) error { return c.NoContent() }, mark)
+		group := a.Group("/api", mark)
+		group.Handle("OPTIONS", "/users", func(c *httpx.Context) error { return c.NoContent() })
+		group.Handle("REPORT", "/users", func(c *httpx.Context) error { return c.OK("report") })
+		for _, tc := range []struct {
+			method, path string
+			status       int
+		}{
+			{"HEAD", "/users", 204}, {"OPTIONS", "/api/users", 204}, {"REPORT", "/api/users", 200},
+		} {
+			w := request(a, tc.method, tc.path, "")
+			if w.Code != tc.status || w.Header().Get("X-Middleware") != "present" || w.Header().Get("X-Request-ID") == "" {
+				t.Fatalf("%s bypassed the application chain: %d %v", tc.method, w.Code, w.Header())
+			}
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("middleware order and registration snapshot", func(t *testing.T) {
+		a := app.NewWithRouter(newRouter())
+		var calls []string
+		mark := func(name string) httpx.Middleware {
+			return func(next httpx.Handler) httpx.Handler {
+				return func(c *httpx.Context) error {
+					calls = append(calls, name+" in")
+					err := next(c)
+					calls = append(calls, name+" out")
+					return err
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		a.Use(mark("app"))
+		group := a.Group("/api", mark("group"))
+		nested := group.Group("/v1", mark("nested"))
+		nested.GET("/users/:id", func(c *httpx.Context) error {
+			calls = append(calls, "handler")
+			return c.OK(c.Param("id"))
+		}, mark("route"))
+		a.Use(mark("lateApp"))
+		group.Use(mark("lateGroup"))
+		request(a, "GET", "/api/v1/users/42", "")
+		want := "app in,group in,nested in,route in,handler,route out,nested out,group out,app out"
+		if got := strings.Join(calls, ","); got != want {
+			t.Fatalf("middleware order=%s", got)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("binding and business context", func(t *testing.T) {
+		a := app.NewWithRouter(newRouter())
+		var logs bytes.Buffer
+		logger, err := logx.New(logx.Config{Format: "json", Writer: &logs})
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		defer logger.Close()
+		deadline := time.Now().Add(time.Minute)
+		a.POST("/users/:id", func(c *httpx.Context) error {
+			var uri struct {
+				ID int `uri:"id" binding:"min=1"`
+			}
+			var query struct {
+				PageSize int `form:"pageSize" binding:"min=1"`
+			}
+			var body struct {
+				Name string `json:"name" binding:"required"`
+			}
+			if err := c.BindURI(&uri); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if err := c.BindQuery(&query); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if err := c.BindJSON(&body); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			// Business services consume standard context only.
+			result, err := businessResult(c.Context(), logger, deadline, uri.ID, query.PageSize, body.Name)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			return c.Created(result)
+		})
+		req := httptest.NewRequest("POST", "/users/42?pageSize=20", strings.NewReader(`{"name":"Ada"}`))
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithDeadline(context.WithValue(req.Context(), contextKey{}, "original"), deadline)
+		defer cancel()
+		req = req.WithContext(ctx)
+		req.Header.Set("X-Request-ID", "businessRequest")
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		a.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+		if w.Code != 201 || !strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), `"pageSize":20`) || !strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), `"requestId":"businessRequest"`) {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected business response: %d %s", w.Code, w.Body)
+		}
+		if !strings.Contains(logs.String(), `"requestId":"businessRequest"`) {
+			t.Fatalf("business log lost request context: %s", &logs)
+		}
+		for _, tc := range []struct{ path, body, code string }{
+			{"/users/bad?pageSize=20", `{"name":"Ada"}`, "INVALID_PATH"},
+			{"/users/42?pageSize=bad", `{"name":"Ada"}`, "INVALID_QUERY"},
+			{"/users/42?pageSize=20", "{", "INVALID_BODY"},
+			{"/users/42?pageSize=20", "{}", "INVALID_BODY"},
+		} {
+			w := request(a, "POST", tc.path, tc.body)
+			assertEnvelope(t, w, 400, tc.code)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("authentication short circuit", func(t *testing.T) {
+		a := app.NewWithRouter(newRouter())
+		calls := 0
+		provider := auth.StaticAuthenticator{
+			"admin":  {UserID: "adminUser", Roles: []string{"admin"}},
+			"reader": {UserID: "readerUser"},
+		}
+		a.GET("/private", func(c *httpx.Context) error {
+			calls++
+			p, ok := auth.FromContext(c)
+			if !ok {
+				return errors.New("missing principal")
+			}
+			return c.OK(p.UserID)
+		}, auth.RequireAuth(provider), auth.RequireRole("admin"))
+		for _, tc := range []struct {
+			token  string
+			status int
+			code   string
+		}{
+			{"", 401, "UNAUTHENTICATED"}, {"invalid", 401, "UNAUTHENTICATED"},
+			{"reader", 403, "FORBIDDEN"}, {"admin", 200, "OK"},
+		} {
+			req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/private", nil)
+			if tc.token != "" {
+				req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+tc.token)
+			}
+			w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+			a.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+			assertEnvelope(t, w, tc.status, tc.code)
+		}
+		if calls != 1 {
+			t.Fatalf("unauthorized requests reached business handler: %d calls", calls)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("error recovery and committed response", func(t *testing.T) {
+		a := app.NewWithRouter(newRouter())
+		for _, tc := range []struct {
+			path    string
+			handler httpx.Handler
+			status  int
+			code    string
+		}{
+			{"/notFound", func(c *httpx.Context) error {
+				return fmt.Errorf("wrapped: %w", apierrors.NotFound("USER_MISSING", "user missing"))
+			}, 404, "USER_MISSING"},
+			{"/internal", func(c *httpx.Context) error { return errors.New("private database password") }, 500, "INTERNAL_ERROR"},
+			{"/panic", func(c *httpx.Context) error { panic("private database password") }, 500, "INTERNAL_ERROR"},
+			{"/encode", func(c *httpx.Context) error { return c.OK(make(chan int)) }, 500, "INTERNAL_ERROR"},
+			{"/written", func(c *httpx.Context) error {
+				if err := c.Created("saved"); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				return errors.New("private database password")
+			}, 201, "CREATED"},
+			{"/panicAfterWrite", func(c *httpx.Context) error { _ = c.Accepted("saved"); panic("private database password") }, 202, "ACCEPTED"},
+			{"/doubleWrite", func(c *httpx.Context) error { _ = c.OK("first"); return c.Created("second") }, 200, "OK"},
+		} {
+			a.GET(tc.path, tc.handler)
+			w := request(a, "GET", tc.path, "")
+			assertEnvelope(t, w, tc.status, tc.code)
+			if strings.Contains(w.Body.String(), "private") {
+				t.Fatalf("internal cause leaked: %s", w.Body)
+			}
+		}
+		a.DELETE("/deleted", func(c *httpx.Context) error {
+			_ = c.NoContent()
+			return errors.New("after response")
+		})
+		w := request(a, "DELETE", "/deleted", "")
+		if w.Code != 204 || w.Body.Len() != 0 {
+			t.Fatalf("204 response=%d %s", w.Code, w.Body)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("concurrent request isolation", func(t *testing.T) {
+		a := app.NewWithRouter(newRouter())
+		a.GET("/users/:id", func(c *httpx.Context) error {
+			c.Set("local", c.Param("id"))
+			value, _ := c.Get("local")
+			return c.OK(value)
+		})
+		var workers sync.WaitGroup
+		for i := 0; i < 32; i++ {
+			workers.Add(1)
+			go func(i int) {
+				defer workers.Done()
+				id := fmt.Sprint(i)
+				req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/users/"+id, nil)
+				req.Header.Set("X-Request-ID", "request"+id)
+				w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+				a.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+				var body struct {
+					Data      string
+					RequestID string `json:"requestId"`
+				}
+				err := json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &body)
+				if err != nil || body.Data != id || body.RequestID != "request"+id || w.Header().Get("X-Request-ID") != "request"+id {
+					t.Errorf("request %s leaked state: %s, error=%v", id, w.Body, err)
+				}
+			}(i)
+		}
+		workers.Wait()
+	})
+
+	t.Run("middleware panic", func(t *testing.T) {
+		a := app.NewWithRouter(newRouter())
+		a.GET("/panic", func(c *httpx.Context) error {
+			t.Error("handler reached after middleware panic")
+			return nil
+		}, func(httpx.Handler) httpx.Handler {
+			return func(*httpx.Context) error { panic("private middleware state") }
+		})
+		assertEnvelope(t, request(a, "GET", "/panic", ""), 500, "INTERNAL_ERROR")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("write failure preserves committed response", func(t *testing.T) {
+		a := app.NewWithRouter(newRouter())
+		a.GET("/write", func(c *httpx.Context) error { return c.Created("value") })
+		w := &failedWriter{ResponseRecorder: httptest.NewRecorder()}
+		a.ServeHTTP(w, httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/write", nil))
+		if w.Code != 201 || w.headers != 1 || w.writes != 1 {
+			t.Fatalf("error response appended after failed write: status=%d headers=%d writes=%d", w.Code, w.headers, w.writes)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("expired deadline reaches service", func(t *testing.T) {
+		a := app.NewWithRouter(newRouter())
+		a.GET("/deadline", func(c *httpx.Context) error {
+			if !errors.Is(c.Context().Err(), context.DeadlineExceeded) {
+				t.Errorf("deadline lost: %v", c.Context().Err())
+			}
+			select {
+			case <-c.Context().Done():
+			default:
+				t.Error("expired request context was replaced")
+			}
+			return c.Context().Err()
+		})
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithDeadline(context.Background(), time.Now().Add(-time.Second))
+		defer cancel()
+		req := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/deadline", nil).WithContext(ctx)
+		w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		a.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+		assertEnvelope(t, w, 500, "INTERNAL_ERROR")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("client cancellation reaches service", func(t *testing.T) {
+		a := app.NewWithRouter(newRouter())
+		started := make(chan struct{})
+		done := make(chan error, 1)
+		stop := make(chan struct{})
+		a.GET("/wait/:id", func(c *httpx.Context) error {
+			close(started)
+			err := waitService(c.Context(), stop)
+			done <- err
+			return err
+		})
+		server := httptest.NewServer(a)
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+		defer func() { cancel(); close(stop); server.Close() }()
+		clientDone := make(chan error, 1)
+		req, _ := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, "GET", server.URL+"/wait/42", nil)
+		go func() {
+			resp, err := server.Client().Do(req)
+			if resp != nil {
+				resp.Body.Close()
+			}
+			clientDone <- err
+		}()
+		select {
+		case <-started:
+		case <-time.After(5 * time.Second):
+			t.Fatal("handler did not start")
+		}
+		cancel()
+		select {
+		case err := <-done:
+			if !errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
+				t.Fatalf("service cancellation=%v", err)
+			}
+		case <-time.After(5 * time.Second):
+			t.Fatal("client cancellation did not reach service")
+		}
+		select {
+		case err := <-clientDone:
+			if !errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
+				t.Fatalf("client cancellation=%v", err)
+			}
+		case <-time.After(5 * time.Second):
+			t.Fatal("client did not return")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("HEAD over a real connection", func(t *testing.T) {
+		a := app.NewWithRouter(newRouter())
+		a.Any("/head", func(c *httpx.Context) error { return c.OK("body") })
+		server := httptest.NewServer(a)
+		defer server.Close()
+		req, _ := http.NewRequest("HEAD", server.URL+"/head", nil)
+		client := server.Client()
+		client.Timeout = 5 * time.Second
+		resp, err := client.Do(req)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		defer resp.Body.Close()
+		body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+		if err != nil || resp.StatusCode != 200 || len(body) != 0 || resp.Header.Get("X-Request-ID") == "" {
+			t.Fatalf("HEAD status=%d body=%q error=%v", resp.StatusCode, body, err)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func businessResult(ctx context.Context, logger *logx.Logger, deadline time.Time, id, size int, name string) (any, error) {
+	got, ok := ctx.Deadline()
+	if !ok || !got.Equal(deadline) || ctx.Value(contextKey{}) != "original" || logx.RequestID(ctx) != "businessRequest" {
+		return nil, errors.New("service lost request context")
+	}
+	logger.InfoContext(ctx, "business.read", "userId", id)
+	return map[string]any{"userId": id, "pageSize": size, "name": name}, nil
+}
+
+func waitService(ctx context.Context, stop <-chan struct{}) error {
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		return ctx.Err()
+	case <-stop:
+		return errors.New("test cleanup")
+	}
+}
+
+func request(handler http.Handler, method, path, body string) *httptest.ResponseRecorder {
+	req := httptest.NewRequest(method, path, strings.NewReader(body))
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	handler.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+	return w
+}
+
+func assertEnvelope(t *testing.T, w *httptest.ResponseRecorder, status int, code string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	var body struct {
+		Code      string
+		RequestID string `json:"requestId"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &body); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("invalid response JSON: %s: %v", w.Body, err)
+	}
+	if w.Code != status || body.Code != code || body.RequestID == "" || body.RequestID != w.Header().Get("X-Request-ID") {
+		t.Fatalf("response=%d %s; want %d %s with requestId", w.Code, w.Body, status, code)
+	}
+}
+
+type failedWriter struct {
+	*httptest.ResponseRecorder
+	headers, writes int
+}
+
+func (w *failedWriter) WriteHeader(status int) {
+	w.headers++
+	w.ResponseRecorder.WriteHeader(status)
+}
+
+func (w *failedWriter) Write([]byte) (int, error) {
+	w.writes++
+	return 0, io.ErrClosedPipe
+}
--- a/transport/transporttest/router.go
+++ b/transport/transporttest/router.go
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+// Package transporttest provides the reusable acceptance suite for GoOmni
+// router adapters. Import it only from tests and pass a fresh router factory.
+// Register routes before serving; the suite exercises concurrent requests.
+package transporttest
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.yuntuo.hk/k2safe/go-omni/httpx"
+)
+
+// Run verifies routing and the same business handlers on a supplied adapter.
+// Factories are called serially and must return a fresh, empty router.
+func Run(t *testing.T, newRouter func() httpx.Router) {
+	t.Helper()
+	t.Run("routing", func(t *testing.T) { routing(t, newRouter) })
+	t.Run("registration", func(t *testing.T) { registration(t, newRouter) })
+	t.Run("application", func(t *testing.T) { application(t, newRouter) })
+}
+
+type contextKey struct{}
+
+type routeResult struct {
+	Pattern string            `json:"pattern"`
+	Params  map[string]string `json:"params"`
+	Value   string            `json:"value"`
+}
+
+func routing(t *testing.T, newRouter func() httpx.Router) {
+	r := newRouter()
+	echo := http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
+		value, _ := req.Context().Value(contextKey{}).(string)
+		_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(routeResult{
+			Pattern: httpx.RoutePattern(req.Context()), Params: httpx.RouteParams(req.Context()), Value: value,
+		})
+	})
+	for _, path := range []string{
+		"/", "/users/:id", "/users/me", "/files/*path", "/slash/",
+		"/choice/:first/fixed/final", "/choice/static/:second/:third",
+		"/back/static", "/back/:id/details",
+	} {
+		r.Handle(http.MethodGet, path, echo)
+	}
+	// Registration order must not determine static-vs-parameter precedence.
+	r.Handle(http.MethodPost, "/users/me", echo)
+	r.Handle(http.MethodPost, "/users/:id", echo)
+	r.Handle(http.MethodHead, "/head", echo)
+	r.Handle(http.MethodOptions, "/head", echo)
+	r.Handle("REPORT", "/report", echo)
+	group := r.Group("/api/").Group("v1")
+	group.Handle(http.MethodGet, "/users/:id", echo)
+	group.Handle(http.MethodGet, "", echo)
+	group.Handle(http.MethodGet, "/", echo)
+	group.Any("/any", echo)
+	r.Any("/any", echo)
+
+	cases := []struct {
+		method, path, pattern, param, value string
+		status                              int
+		allow                               string
+	}{
+		{"GET", "/", "/", "", "", 200, ""},
+		{"GET", "/users/42?x=y", "/users/:id", "id", "42", 200, ""},
+		{"GET", "/users/me", "/users/me", "", "", 200, ""},
+		{"POST", "/users/me", "/users/me", "", "", 200, ""},
+		{"GET", "/users/%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87", "/users/:id", "id", "中文", 200, ""},
+		{"GET", "/users/a%2Fb", "", "", "", 404, ""},
+		{"GET", "/users/a+b", "/users/:id", "id", "a+b", 200, ""},
+		{"GET", "/users/", "", "", "", 404, ""},
+		{"GET", "/users/42/", "", "", "", 404, ""},
+		{"GET", "/users//42", "", "", "", 404, ""},
+		{"GET", "/Users/42", "", "", "", 404, ""},
+		{"GET", "/slash", "", "", "", 404, ""},
+		{"GET", "/slash/", "/slash/", "", "", 200, ""},
+		{"GET", "/files", "", "", "", 404, ""},
+		{"GET", "/files/", "/files/*path", "path", "/", 200, ""},
+		{"GET", "/files/a%2Fb/c", "/files/*path", "path", "/a/b/c", 200, ""},
+		{"GET", "/files//a", "/files/*path", "path", "//a", 200, ""},
+		{"GET", "/choice/static/fixed/final", "/choice/static/:second/:third", "second", "fixed", 200, ""},
+		{"GET", "/back/static/details", "/back/:id/details", "id", "static", 200, ""},
+		{"GET", "/api/v1/users/42", "/api/v1/users/:id", "id", "42", 200, ""},
+		{"GET", "/api/v1", "/api/v1", "", "", 200, ""},
+		{"GET", "/api/v1/", "/api/v1/", "", "", 200, ""},
+		{"REPORT", "/report", "/report", "", "", 200, ""},
+		{"HEAD", "/head", "/head", "", "", 200, ""},
+		{"OPTIONS", "/head", "/head", "", "", 200, ""},
+		{"HEAD", "/users/42", "", "", "", 405, "GET, POST"},
+		{"OPTIONS", "/users/42", "", "", "", 405, "GET, POST"},
+		{"DELETE", "/users/me", "", "", "", 405, "GET, POST"},
+		{"GET", "/head", "", "", "", 405, "HEAD, OPTIONS"},
+		{"GET", "/missing", "", "", "", 404, ""},
+		{"REPORT", "/any", "", "", "", 405, "CONNECT, DELETE, GET, HEAD, OPTIONS, PATCH, POST, PUT, TRACE"},
+	}
+	for _, method := range []string{"GET", "POST", "PUT", "PATCH", "HEAD", "OPTIONS", "DELETE", "CONNECT", "TRACE"} {
+		for _, path := range []string{"/any", "/api/v1/any"} {
+			cases = append(cases, struct {
+				method, path, pattern, param, value string
+				status                              int
+				allow                               string
+			}{method, path, path, "", "", 200, ""})
+		}
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.method+" "+tc.path, func(t *testing.T) {
+			req := httptest.NewRequest(tc.method, tc.path, nil)
+			// CONNECT has authority-form handling in net/http's parser; the
+			// adapter contract consumes an already parsed URL.Path.
+			if tc.method == "CONNECT" {
+				req.URL.Path = tc.path
+			}
+			req = req.WithContext(context.WithValue(req.Context(), contextKey{}, "preserved"))
+			w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+			r.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+			if w.Code != tc.status || w.Header().Get("Allow") != tc.allow || w.Header().Get("Location") != "" {
+				t.Fatalf("status=%d allow=%q location=%q body=%s", w.Code, w.Header().Get("Allow"), w.Header().Get("Location"), w.Body)
+			}
+			if tc.status != 200 {
+				want := "404 page not found\n"
+				if tc.status == 405 {
+					want = "Method Not Allowed\n"
+				}
+				if w.Body.String() != want || !strings.HasPrefix(w.Header().Get("Content-Type"), "text/plain") {
+					t.Fatalf("unexpected fallback response: %s", w.Body)
+				}
+				return
+			}
+			var got routeResult
+			if err := json.Unmarshal(w.Body.Bytes(), &got); err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			wantParams := map[string]string{}
+			if tc.param != "" {
+				wantParams[tc.param] = tc.value
+			}
+			// Routes with several parameters are checked in full.
+			if tc.pattern == "/choice/static/:second/:third" {
+				wantParams["third"] = "final"
+			}
+			if got.Pattern != tc.pattern || !reflect.DeepEqual(got.Params, wantParams) || got.Value != "preserved" {
+				t.Fatalf("route metadata=%+v, want %s %v with original context", got, tc.pattern, wantParams)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func registration(t *testing.T, newRouter func() httpx.Router) {
+	handler := http.HandlerFunc(func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) {})
+	cases := []struct {
+		name     string
+		register func(httpx.Router)
+	}{
+		{"nil handler", func(r httpx.Router) { r.Handle("GET", "/", nil) }},
+		{"empty method", func(r httpx.Router) { r.Handle("", "/", handler) }},
+		{"lowercase method", func(r httpx.Router) { r.Handle("get", "/", handler) }},
+	}
+	for _, path := range []string{"", "relative", "/:", "/*", "/a/*rest/b", "/a/:id/:id", "/a//b", "/a/../b", "/a?b", "/prefix:id", "/:a:b"} {
+		cases = append(cases, struct {
+			name     string
+			register func(httpx.Router)
+		}{"invalid " + path, func(r httpx.Router) { r.Handle("GET", path, handler) }})
+	}
+	for _, pair := range [][2]string{
+		{"/users", "/users"}, {"/users/:id", "/users/:name/more"},
+		{"/files/*path", "/files/static"}, {"/files/static", "/files/*path"},
+		{"/", "/*path"}, {"/*path", "/"},
+	} {
+		cases = append(cases, struct {
+			name     string
+			register func(httpx.Router)
+		}{"conflict " + pair[0] + " " + pair[1], func(r httpx.Router) {
+			r.Handle("GET", pair[0], handler)
+			r.Handle("GET", pair[1], handler)
+		}})
+	}
+	cases = append(cases, struct {
+		name     string
+		register func(httpx.Router)
+	}{"Any conflicts with explicit method", func(r httpx.Router) {
+		r.Any("/any", handler)
+		r.Handle("GET", "/any", handler)
+	}})
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			defer func() {
+				if recover() == nil {
+					t.Error("registration must panic")
+				}
+			}()
+			tc.register(newRouter())
+		})
+	}
+}
--- a/validate/validate.go
+++ b/validate/validate.go
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ func newValidator() *validator.Validate {
 }

 // JSON binds and validates a JSON request body using standard-library HTTP
-// types. It intentionally does not depend on Gin.
+// types. It intentionally does not depend on a network framework.
 func JSON(request *http.Request, value any) error {
 	if request == nil || request.Body == nil {
 		return apierrors.BadRequest("INVALID_BODY", "request body is invalid")
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
k2safe	3bbf4627a1	feat: remove Gin and standardize on nethttp	2026-09-21 00:57:06 +08:00
k2safe	61c37e0dba	test: verify remote business module upgrade flow	2026-09-21 00:23:22 +08:00
k2safe	5561795d80	feat: standardize transport contracts across Gin and nethttp	2026-09-21 00:10:44 +08:00
k2safe	affd02d5f7	feat: scaffold MySQL services with lifecycle and readiness checks	2026-09-20 23:12:47 +08:00